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CURTIS’S
BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,
a ge
ILLUSTRATING AND DESCRIBING
Plants of the Woval Botanic Gardens of Kew,
AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS;
EDITED BY
DD, PRAIN, CLE, LUD E.E.8.,
DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.
RA RARAAA AAA ARN
VOL. LI.
OF THE FOURTH SERIES.
(Or Vol. OXAALI: of the Whole Work.)
"Tis oeauty truly blent, whose red and white
Nature’s own sweet and cunning hand laid on,
SHAKESPEARE.
ARR ee
LONDON:
LOVELL REEVE & CO., LTD.,
Publishers to the Home, Colonial, and Indian Governments,
6, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
1907.
[All rights reserved. |
ao Mo. Bot.Garden
Ae ale ‘: As 1908
To
Miss KE. A. WILLMOTT, F.L.8., V.M.H.,
or WARLEY Puace, Essex,
WHOSE SKILL IN GARDENCRAFT
IS ONLY SURPASSED :
BY THE GENEROSITY WITH WHICH
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THE TREASURES OF HER GARDENS
AND ACCORDS TO OTHERS
THE BENEFITS OF HER EXPERIENCE,
THIS VOLUME
IS GRATEFULLY DEDICATED.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
8112
Vincent Brooks Day &Son Limp
WMS. del JN. Fiteh hth
L Reeve & C9 Loudon.
Tas. 8112,
LOMATIA FERRUGINEA.
Chili and Patagonia.
PROTEACEAE. Tribe EmMBornrRinat.
Lomatia, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 183.
Lomatia ferruginea, RF. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. x. p. 200; Roem. et
Schult. Syst. vol. iii. p. 434 ; Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. p. 342; Lindl. & Pact.
Fl. Gard. vol. ii. p. 165; C. Gay, Hist. de Chile, Bot. vol. v. p. 810;
Meisner in DC. Prodr. vol. xiv. p. 449; Murillo, Plantes Méd, du Chili,
p- 195 ; species distincta, foliis bipinnatisectis vel tripinnatisectis primam
dense ferrugineo-velutinis, racemis axillaribus brevibus latisque, alabastris
valde inflatis.
Fruter 3-6 m. altus vel interdum arbor parva, valde ramosus, partibus
junioribus dense ferrugineo-velutinis. Folia breviter petiolata, Lipinna-
tisecta, apicem versus bipinnatipartita, patula, coriacea, oblongo-ovata,
saepius circiter 2 dm. longa, interdum ad 4 dm. longa, 8 cm.—2 dm. lata,
proventu fere glabrata; pinnae saepe oppositae, 5-15-jugae, oblongo-lan-
ceolatae, generaliter 4-8 cm. longae, breviter stipitatae; laciniae ovato-
lanceolatae, saepius alternae et decurrenti-confluentes, 1-2 cm. longae,
revolutae, integerrimae vel lobis 1-6 plus minusve pungentibus praeditae.
Racemi axillares, erecto-patentes, laxe multiflori, foliis multo breviores;
pedicelli 4-6 mm. longi. Flores 1-1°3 cm. longi. Calycis segmenta extra
aurea et coccinea, intra vivide coccinea, basi apiceque lutea, oblonga,
4°5 mm. lata, 3-nervia, extra ferrugineo-strigillosa. Gynophorium 1 cm.
longum stylo paulum brevius. Jolliculus oblongus, leviter arcuatus,
2°5-3 em. longus, apice longe acuminatus. Semina apice ala oblonga
oblique truncata instructa.—JZ. pinnatifolia, Hort.; Annesley, Beautiful
and Rare Trees and Plants, p. 9, cum tabula. Hmbothrium ferrugineum,
Cav. Ic. vol. iv. p. 59, t. 385. Tricondylus ferrugineus, Knight, Prot.
p- 123.
This handsome Lomatia was one of the early intro-
ductions of Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, having been
collected for them by William Lobb during his travels in
Western South America in 1845-48, It has been recorded
from several localities in Southern Chili, in the island of
Chiloe and the Chonos Archipelago, growing, according to
Cavanilles, in places occasionally inundated by the sea.
Dr. R. O,. Cunningham noted its occurrence far down the
western coast of Patagonia, and Dr. R. W. Coppinger,
during the voyage of H.M.S. “ Alert,” in 1878-82, collected
a specimen at Sandy Point, on the east coast of the Bruns-
wick Peninsula, in the Straits of Magellan. This point
appears to be the eastern limit of its distribution.
The pliant has some repute as a medicine among the
Janxvary Ist, 1907.
Indians of Chili. Gay informs us that a decoction of the
wood and leaves, and especially of the bark, mixed with
the Tayu, Chuquiraga leucorylon, Poepp., is sometimes
used in Valdivia in cases of abscess of the stomach. On
the authority of Murillo, Chatterton and Pennesse state
that the leaves and bark are employed as a cathartic and
diuretic, and in the preparation of gargles for all kinds of
inflammation of the throat. :
Lomatia ferruginea is cultivated in the Temperate
House at Kew, but the plant, now about 4 ft. high, has
not flowered. The material figured was from a fine
specimen growing in the beautiful gardens of the Earl
Annesley at Castlewellan, Co. Down, Ireland, whence it
was sent by Mr. T. Ryan in July, 1906. At Castlewellan,
Karl Annesley informs us, “it is so hardy that the severest
frost and the most biting east winds do not affect it. The
plant is now about twenty years old, and is 9 ft. high,
with a circumference of 27 ft. at the largest part.”
Descr.—A much-branched shrub 10-20 ft. high, or
sometimes a small tree, densely covered on the younger
‘parts with a ferruginous velvet-like pubescence. Leaves
shortly stalked, bipinnatisect, or sometimes tripinnatisect’
at the base, bipinnatipartite towards the apex, spreading,
leathery, oblong-ovate, usually about 8 in. long, sometimes
as much as 16 in. long, 4-8 in. broad, finally almost
glabrous; pinnae in 5-15 pairs, oblong-lanceolate, usually
13-3} in. long, shortly stalked ; segments ovate-lanceolate,
4-2? in. long, entire, or with 1-6 more or less spinescent
lobes. Flowers about } in. long, golden-yellow and scarlet
outside, bright scarlet, with yellow at the base and apex
of the segments inside, covered with ferruginous adpressed
hairs outside. rut oblong, stalked, slightly curved, 1-14
in. long, acuminate. Seeds with an oblong, obliquely
truncate wing at the apex.—S. A. Sxkan,
Fig. 1, flower; 2, stamen attached to perianth-segment; 3, pistil; 4, section
of ovary ; 5, ovule :—all enlarged.
~ 8178.
Vincent Brooks Day &Son Lttbnp
MS. del, JN.Fitchlith
I Reeve &C° London.
Tas. 8118.
ACONITUM aymnanprvum.
Tibet and W. China.
RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe HELLEBOREAE.
Aconitum, L.; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 9.
Aconitum gymnandrum, Mawim. in Bull. Acad. Pelersb. xxiii. (1877), p. 308;
Flor. Tangut. p. 26, tab. vi. figs. 1-6; Stapf in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard,
Caleutta, vol. x. part ii. (1905), p. 178; ab omnibus speciebus generis
duratione annua et sepalis longe unguiculatis androecium exponentibus
distincta, sectionem Gymnaconitum, Stapf, sistens.
Herba annua. Radix fusiformis, gracilis. Caulis simplex vel ramosus,
erectus, ad 1 m. altus, magis minusve hirsutus. Folia sparsa, rarius in
speciminibus nanis rosulata, petiolata, hirsuta ; lamina ambitu reniformis
vel ovata, 2-5 cm. longa, 2°5-6 cm. lata (vel in planta culta majora),
ternata vel fere ad basin 3-partita divisionibus similiter divisis, laciniis
inciso-dentatis. Jnflorescentia racemosa vel subpaniculata, hirsuta, laxa
vel densa ; bracteae inferiores folia summa referentes, superiores redactae,
summae integrae, lineari-lanceolatae; pedicelli erecti, infimi ad 6 cm.
longi, vel omnes breves; bracteolae lanceolatae vel lineares, flori approxi-
matae. Sepala violacea vel saturate coerulea, pilis longis albis molliter
hirsuta; summum breviter galeatum vel subnaviculare, breviter rostratum,
longe anguste unguiculatum, 2 ad ultra 2°5 cm. altum; lateralia abrupte
in unguem linearem limbum aequantem vel subbreviorem contracta,
limbo elliptico vel rotundato obtuso vel apiculato, 1°7-2 cm. longo ad
1:7 cm. poll. lato; inferiora lateralibus similia nisi minora. Nectaria
glabra vel sparse pilosula, ungue erecto ultra 1°25 cm. longo, cuculla
erecta vel suberecta dorso sub apice gibbosa, labio amplo rotundato denti-
culato patente. Filamenta longe persistentia, hispiduia, ad vel ultra
medium alata. Carpella ad 12, parallela, oblonga, abrupte in stylum
contracta, villoso-hirsuta. Follicult oblongi, truncati, fere 1:25 cm. longi,
magis minusve glabrescentes, superne divergentes. Semina obpyrami-
data, nigrescentia, 1:25 cm. longa, transverse minute lamellata.
This peculiar Aconite was discovered by the great ex-
plorer of Central Asia, General N. M. Przewalski, in alpine
meadows in the mountains to the north and east of Kuku-
Nor. It has since been found in Eastern and Southern
Tibet, and Western China. The specimen figured here
was raised from seeds gathered at Gyantse by Capt. H. J.
Walton during the expedition to Lhassa in September,
1904, and communicated by the Director of the Botanical
Survey of India. It differs in general aspect considerably
from all the other species of the genus in the long-clawed
lateral sepals, the blades of which are twisted sideways, so
as to show their brightly coloured inner faces, and expose
JaNuUARY Ist, 1907.
the androecium and gynoecium. ‘The upper sepal (helmet)
is, except for the coloured margin, herbaceous, and so
narrow that in the fully open flower the large petaloid lips
of the nectaries are outside, forming a roof over the
androecium. ‘I'he true position of the sepals and nectaries
is not clearly seen in dried specimens, and is not properly
Shown in the figure of A. gymnandrum published in my
monograph of the Indian Aconites.
Descr.—Annual ; roots slender, fusiform. Stem erect,
simple or branched, 6 in. to 3 ft. high, more or less hairy.
Leaves petioled, hirsute, reniform to ovate, usually 3-2 in.
long, 1-14 in. broad, ternate, or deeply tripartite, divi-
sions similarly divided. Inflorescence racemose or subpani-
culate, hirsute; lower bracts like upper leaves, reduced
upwards ; pedicels erect, lowest 2—3 in. long, or all short;
bracteoles narrow, close to the flower. Sepals violet to
deep blue, hairy ; upper helmet-shaped, shortly beaked,
claw narrow, 3-1 in. long; lateral abruptly contracted
into a slender claw, limb turned outwards, about } in.
long ; lower like lateral, but smaller. Nectaries with a
claw, erect, almost s in. long ; hood cibbous behind near
top, with large, denticulate, petaloid lip. Filaments his-
pidulous, winged to the middle. Follicles usually 10-12,
oblong, truncate, almost 4 in. long, more or less glabres-
cent, at length slightly divergent above. Seeds inversely
pyramidal, blackish, ;4 in. long, transversely minutely
lamellate.—Orro Srapr,
Figs. 1 and 2, nectaries; 3, a stamen ; 4, gynoecium :—all enlarged.
8114
3 , Son 143Imp
Vincent Brooks, Day & Son.lt“omt
MS.del JN Fitch ith
LReeve & C° London.
Tab; O144,
ViBURNUM CaRLESII. -
Corea.
CapriFoLIackak. ‘Tribe SaMBUCEAE.
Visurnum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 8.
Viburnum (§ Euviburnum) Carlesii, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxiii.
p- 300; Bean in Gard. Chron. 1906, vol. i. p. 306; species ex affini-
tate V. cotinifolii, a qua tamen foliis rotundato-ovatis cymis densioribus
et corollae, tubo cylindrico longiore differt.
Frutex laxe ramosus, paucipedalis, stellato-tomentosus, ramis rectis rigidis
glabrescentibus. Folia breviter petiolata, crassa, papyracea, rotundato-
ovata vel interdum fere orbicularia 2°5-5 cm. diametro, crenato-dentata,
supra parce subtus dense tomentosa, venis primariis elevatis in dentes
excurrentibus. Cymae_ terminales, subsessiles, densissimae, 4-8 cm.
diametro, umbellatae; bracteolae crassae, lineares, calycem aequantes.
Calycis dentes ovati, erecti, obtusi, obscure puberuli. Oorolla glabra,
hypocraterimorpha, albo-rubra, tubus cylindricus, 1-1°3 cm. longus; lobi
rotundati, circiter 1 cm. diametro. Stamina inclusa. Stylus brevissimus,
crassus, stigmate capitato. Fructus, immaturus tantum visus, glaber,
valde compressus, sulcatus, calycis limbo aucto coronatus.
Viburnum Carlesit was originally described from dried
specimens collected by Mr. W. R. Carles, C.M.G., and Mr.
Wykeham Perry in Western Corea. In 1801 Messrs. L.
Boehmer & Co., nurserymen at Yokohama, Japan, sent a
cultivated specimen to Kew to be named, with the infor-
mation that it had been raised from seed obtained from
Corea in 1885. A living plant was received from the
same firm in 1902, and this flowered in the Arboretum in
May, 1906. Le Jardin for August, 1902, p. 229, repro-
duces a photograph of a cluster of flowering branches
received from a Mr. T. Eckhardt, also of Yokohama. The
original description is also repeated, and the remarks :—
**[n foliage and general appearance this species closely re-
sembles the Indian V, cotinifolium, from which it is readily
distinguished by the strictly cylindrical tube of the
corolla,” have been incorrectly translated :—* Kn feuillage
et apparénce générale, cette espéce ressemble beaucoup a
Vindien V. cotinifolium, duquel il se distingue seulement
par la position strictement erigée du tube de sa corolle.”’
The same photograph was reproduced in the Gardeners’
Chronicle, October 11th, 1892.
January Ist, 1907.
This shrub is quite hardy at Kew, blossoming as quite
a small plant, and it is likely to become a general favourite.
It is easily propagated from cuttings. The pink and
white, very fragrant flowers remind one of Londeletia
versicolor.
Descr.—A dwarf, loosely branched shrub, clothed with
stellate hairs. Branches straight, stiff, glabrescent.
Leaves shortly stalked, thick, soft, densely hairy beneath,
ovate-rotundate or almost orbicular, 1-2 in. in diameter,
crenate-dentate ; primary veins prominent, running out
into the teeth. Cymes terminal, almost sessile, very
dense, 2-3 in. in diameter; bracteoles linear, thick, nearly
equalling the calyx. Calyw-lobes ovate, erect, obtuse,
slightly puberulous. Corolla pink and white, smooth,
salver-shaped; tube cylindrical, about 4 in. long; lobes
rounded, about 4 in. in diameter. Stamens included in the
corolla. Fruit smooth, compressed, furrowed, surmounted
by the enlarged calyx-lobes.—W. Bortinc Huser.
Fig. 1, portion of leaf; 2, stellate hair from the upper surface of the same;
3, pair of flowers; 4, hair from the under surface of a leaf; 5 and 6, stamens;
7, pistil :—all enlarged.
ee
eye
ae
we
vs
“Vincent Brooks Day & San Lt#imp
“ttch ith
3.del, JN
MS
L Reeve & C° London
T. dependens does not occur, to Hugenia planipes, Hook. et
Arn. The wood of H. planipes is of no use except for
charcoal, and Gay states that supplies of it have at times
been ordered by merchants, who were misled by its bearing
the same native name as 7’. dependens.
T’. lanceolata was introduced in 1848 by William Lobb
for Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, and was successively rein-
troduced for the same firm by Pearce and Downton (see
The Garden, November 27th, 1880). It flourishes out
of doors in Cornwall, the south of Ireland, and the west of —
Scotland, and a specimen 18 ft. high was noticed by Mr.
W. Watson during a recent visit to Ireland. The maximum
height given by Reiche for 7’. lanceolata in Chiliis 5 metres
Mr. Watson has observed that wasps rob 7. lanceolata
of its honey by biting a hole at the base of the corolla. __
The introduction of T. dependens is due to Mr. H. J.
Elwes, F.R.S., who brought back seeds of it from Chili in
1902. It is of rapid growth, and one of the specimens in —
the Temperate House at Kew has already attained a height
of about 10 ft. 1’. dependens may be readily propagated
by cuttings. The flowering branch figured was from a
cutting of the original plant. 7
Descr.—A small, compact tree, attaining a height of —
20-30 ft. in its native country. Branches very numerous,
rather spreading; young branchlets reddish. Leaves obo-
vate or elliptic, more rarely ovate, }-24 in. long, $-1i in. ©
broad, obtuse or rounded at the apex, serrate, thi
coriaceous. Flowers 1-8 together in the axils, borne
long curved peduncles. Calyw cup-shaped, with five small
teeth, soon splitting and falling off, or remaining as a
loose ring round the peduncle. Petals oblong, 3-toothed
at the apex, about { in. long, white. Stamens 15-18. {
Ovary 3—4-celled ; style subulate.-—T. A. Spracue. 4
Fig. 1, a flower with petals removed ; 2, petal; 3, anther :—all enlarged.
’
8116
Vincent Brooks Day& Son Lt4iap
5
3
3
4
a
o
3
:
|
M.S.del, JNFitch lth,
Tan. 8116.
RENANTHERA annamensts.
Annam.
OrcHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAR.
RenantTuHERA, Lour.: Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 577.
Renanthera annamensis, Rolfe, a R. Imschootiana, Rolfe, floribus duplo
minoribus et sepalis maculatis distincta.
Herba epiphytica, erecta vel subscandens, radicans, 20-30 cm. alta. Radices
crassae. Folia disticha, patentia, circa 2 cm. distantia, oblonga, obtusa et
inaequaliter biloba, crasse coriacea, 5-7 cm. longa, 1°5-1'8 cm. lata.
Racemi interdum ramosi, cirea 20-25 cm. longi, multiflori. Bracteae ovato-
oblongae, obtusae, 2mm. longae. Pedicellil cm.longi. Sepalum posticam
anguste oblongum, obtusum, concavum, circa 1‘°3 cm. longum, 3°5 mm.
latum; sepala lateralia spathulata, subobtusa, 1°8 cm. longa, 6 mm. lata.
Petala anguste oblonga, obtusa, subconcava, 7 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata,
Labellum trilobum, 6 mm. longum; lobi laterales erecti, triangulares,
acuti, carnosi, 2 mm. longi; lobus intermedius patens, cordato-orbicularis,
obtusus, 3°5 mm. latus, basi quinque-callosus ; calear saccatum, oblongum,
obtusum, 4 mm. longum. Columna lata, 3 mm. longa.
Renanthera is a small Malayan genus of about ten or
twelve known species, closely allied to Vanda, and re-
markable for the brilliancy of their flowers. It was estab-
lished in 1790, by Loureiro, the original species being the
handsome f&. coccinea, a tall climber, bearing panicles of
brilliant scarlet flowers, which is a great favourite with the
natives of Southern China, where it has been cultivated
from time immemorial. It first flowered in England in
1827, at Claremont, after having been in cultivation for
ten years or more, and three years later it was figured in
the Magazine (t. 2997-8). Two other species have also
been figured here, namely, &. Storiei, Reichb. f. (t. 7537),
a native of the Philippines, less scandent in habit, and
having larger crimson flowers, blotched with purple on the
lateral sepals, and R&. Imschootiana, Rolfe (t. 7711), a
dwarf Burmese species, which has the merit of flowering
when about a foot high.
R. annamensis, Rolfe, is much like the last-named
species in habit, and indeed was taken for it until it
bloomed, when the marked differences in the size and
colour of the flowers at once proved that it is distinct.
It was discovered in Annam by Mr. W. Micholitz, a
JANUARY Ist, 1907,
collector for Messrs. Sander & Sons, and flowered at Kew
in May, 1906, under tropical treatment.
Descr.—A ‘dwarf, erect epiphyte, 8-12 in. high, bearing |
a few stout roots on the stem. Leaves in two ranks,
spreading, nearly } in. apart, oblong, obtuse and unequally
2-lobed at ms apex, thick and leathery, o-3 im ae
rather over 4 in. broad. Racemes sometimes branch
8-10 in. Jong, many-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, ob
about ;, in. long. Flowers yellow, spotted with cri:
on the sepals, spur and lower part of the petals ;
the lip and apex of the petals deep crimson. Uj
narrowly oblong, obtuse, concave, $ in. lon
sepals spathulate, somewhat obtuse and concav
long, 4. in. broad. Petals narrowly oblong,
somewhat concave, } in. long. Lig 3-lobe
side lobes erect, triangular, acute, flesh:
spreading, cordate-orbicular, obtaes with 5 fl
the base; sac oblong, obtuse, $ in. long.
much shorter than the lip.—R. A. Route
Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, osterior part *
5, pollen masses :—all enlarged. 3 Bp
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Vincent Brooks Day& Son Letimp
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Tas; 8117.
: NERINE Bowpent.
Cape Colony.
AMARYLLIDACEAE. Tribe AMARYLLEAE,
NerineE, Herb.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 728; Baker in Gard.
Chron. 1885, vol. xxiv. p. 779, & Handb. Amaryll. p. 99.
Nerine Bowdeni, W. Watson in Gard. Chron. 1904, vol. xxxvi. n. 365; Flora
& Sylva, 1905, p. 120, cum icone colorata; N. lucidae, Herb., affinis,
floribus majoribus pedicellis longioribus perianthiique segmentis latiori-
bus differt.
Bulbus tunicatus, affatim pullulascens, magnitudine sat variabilis; bulbi
maiores corpore ovoidei 5 cm. longi, 4 cm. crassi, sensim in collum
2m. crassum, 5 cm. longum abeuntes; lamellae extimae tenuiores, lucidae,
brunnescentes. Folia laete viridia, laevia, decidua, supra aliquando canali-
culata, 15-30 cm. longa, medio 1°25-2°5 cm. lata, hine apicem obtusum
basem que vaginatam versus attenuata. Scapus cylindraceus, fistulosns,
penna cygned crassus, 30-45 cm. altus. Spathae 2, scariosae, primo virides,
demum punicantes, 5 cm. longae. Flores terminales pedicellati in fasci-
culos subumbelliformes 6-12-floros, 20-22 cm. latos aggregati, exteriores
caeteris citius aperti; pedicelli trigoni, penna gallinacea crassi, 5 cm.
longi, umbrino-virides. Perianthii segmenta 6, conformia, refracto-paten-
tia, margine param undulata, 5-7°5 cm. longa, 125 cm. lata, carina
centrali suffuse rosea ceterum pallidiora. Stamina segmentis perianthii
aeqnilonga; filamenta pallide punicea declinata apicem versus tamen
sursum spectantia ; antherae brunnescentes oblongae. | cm. longae ; pollen
viride. Ovariwm subglobosum, 3-lobum, 6 cm. longum, extus viride, niti-
dum; stylus pallide roseus, more filamentorum curvatus hisque aequi-
longus; stigma parum capitatum.—N. ezcellens major tardiflora,
Gumbleton in Gard. Chron. 1904, vol. xxxv. p. 105. N. lucida, Hackett
in Gard Chron. 1904, vol. xxxvi. p. 346, non Herb.—D. Pratn.
This is one of several species which might almost be
called connecting links between Nevine and Brunsvigia,
the others being N. lucida which Herbert included in
Brunsvigia, and N. marginata, Ait. The difference be-
tween the two genera is chiefly one of size, the shape
of the capsule—turbinate and acutely angled in
Brunsvigia, globose and obtusely angled in Nerine—
amounting to very little, as B. Sclateriana has a typical
Nerine capsule. Whether they will intercross does not
appear to have been tested, although all the Nerines cross
readily with each other, as was proved long ago by
Herbert, who paid especial attention to them, and more
recently by Mr. J. O’Brien, Mr. Max Leichtlin, Mr. Elwes
Fesruary Ist, 1907.
and others. The genus bids fair to become as popular in
gardens as the Hippeastrums, most of the species growing
well under cultivation and flowering freely towards the end
of the year, when their bright-coloured, elegant flowers
are especially valuable. As is the case with many bulbous
plants from South Africa, the Nerines are in active growth
in winter, ripening in May or June, and resting till
October, when they push up their flower-scapes, generally
before the new leaves appear.
For the introduction of N. Bowdeni we are indebted to
Mrs. Cornish Bowden, of Oaklawn, Newton Abbot, who
received it from her son in South Africa, and presented
several bulbs to Kew in 1905. She wrote :—‘‘ Some years
since my son Athelstan sent me some bulbs of a Nerine
from Cape Colony. I have flowered them for three years,
and they are very beautiful. Unlike the majority of
Nerines, this never has a dormant stage, the leaves re-
maining green until the flowers are well in bloom. I have
one spike with twelve flowers upon it.” Shortly after-
wards Mr. Gumbleton flowered it, the inflorescence here
figured having been forwarded to Kew by him (see Gar-
dener's Chronicle, 1904, vol. xxxv. p. 105; it also flowered in
the nursery of Messrs. R. Veitch & Sons at Exeter. The
Kew plants have flowered annually in November, but they
have from the first lost their leaves after making their
growth, as do all the Nerines and Brunsvigias.
Descr.—Bulbs varying in size, producing offsets freely,
the largest being bottle-shaped, the swollen portion ovoid,
2 in long and 14 in. in diameter; the neck narrow and
2 in. long, the outer tunic thin, smooth, shining, pale
brown. Leaves 6 in. to a foot long, $ to 1 in. broad in
the middle, gradually narrowing downwards and to the
obtuse apex, slightly channelled, glossy green, deciduous.
Scape nearly cylindrical, hollow, thick as a swan’s quill,
12 to 18 in. long. Spathes scarious, about 2 in. long,
green, changing to pink with age. Umbel loose, 9 in.
across, coinposed of from 6 to 12 centripetal flowers;
pedicels trigonous, 2 in. long, green tinged with brown,
stouter than in other Nerines. Ovary sub-globose, 3-
lobed, polished green, Perianth subborizontal, composed
of six spreading recurved segments 2 to 3 in. long, 4 in.
wide, slightly wavy in the recurved portion, rose pink, the
keel a darker shade, giving the flowers a streaked appear-
ance. Stamens declinate, as long as the segments, up-
curved at the tips; anthers oblong, 4 in. long. Style as
long as the anthers, stigma capitate-——W. Watson.
: Figs. land 2, stamens; 3, style :—enlarged ; 4, whole plant, about 4 natural
size.
8118
——
Vincent Brooks Day &Son Lit imp
L.Reeve & C° London
TAM: SETS:
OLEARIA speciosa,
Australia.
Compositar. Tribe AsTEROIDEAE.
Ovearta, Moench; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 276. :
Olearia speciosa, Hutchinson; affinis O. dentatae, Moench, a qua foliis
oblongo-ellipticis floribus paucioribus et achaenis fere glabris differt.
Frutee divaricatus, circiter 1 m. altus, ramis teretibus dense tomentosis.
Folia alterna, petiolata, coriacea, oblongo-elliptica, 4-6 em. longa, 2-3 cm.
lata, supra costa pubescenti excepta glabra, subtus dense tomentosa,
marginibus recurva denticulata, dentibus 5 mm. distantibus; venae
apnastomosantes prominulaeque; petiolus 8 mm. longus. Capitula corym-
bos iaxos terminales formantia, oblonga, 1°7 cm. longa, 2°5 cm. diametro;
pedunculi usque ad 7°5 cm. longi; bracteae oblongae, dense tomentosae.
Involucri bracteae oblongae, extra tomentosae, intra glabrae. Flores
radii 5-6; ligulae albae, oblongo-ellipticae, 12 mm. longae, 6 mm. latae.
Flores disci 10-12; corollae tubus 6 mm. longus; antherae apiculatae,
4mm. longae. Achaenia teretia, fere glabra, 4 mm. longa. Pappi setae
numerosae, breviter pilosae.
The genus Olearia is closely allied to Aster, and is con-
fined exclusively to Australasia. Cheeseman, in his recent
Manual of the Flora of New Zealand, enumerates 35
species, all of which are endemic. There are about 70
others, which are confined to Australia and Tasmania,
with the exception of two recorded from Lord Howe’s
island.
The plant here figured was raised from seeds received in
1888 from the Botanic Gardens, Melbourne, and since
increased by cuttings. It flowered last May in the Tem-
perate House at Kew, where it forms a straggling bush
about 3 ft. high. Its affinity is with 0. dentata, Moench,
from which it differs in having fewer ray-fiorets, which are
white, and almost glabrous achenes. ‘The thick coriaceous
leaves are also very distinct.
The genus furnishes a number of excellent plants for
the cool greenhouse, and some of the more hardy species
make fine bushes in the open border. Amongst the latter
UV. Haastu, Hook. f., is probably the best known, and it
succeeds in almost any kind of soil.
Descr.—A straggling shrub about 3 ft. high, with terete,
densely tomentose branches. Leaves alternate, petioled,
FEBruary Ist, 1907.
coriaceous, oblong-elliptic, 1}-24 in. long, 3-14 in. broad,
glabrous above, except the pubescent midrib, densely
tomentose below, with recurved, denticulate margins ; veins
closely anastomosing and prominent; petiole 4 in. long.
Capitula arranged in lax, terminal corymbs, oblong, 2 in.
long, 1 in. in diameter; peduncles usually 2-3 in. long;
bracts oblong, densely tomentose. Involucral bracts ob-
long, tomentose outside, glabrous within. Leay-flowers
5-6; ligules white, oblong-elliptic, $ in. long, } in. broad,
3 in. long. Achenes terete, almost glabrous, 4 in. long.
Seta of the pappus numerous, shortly pilose.—J. Hutcnin-—
SON,
Figs. 1 and 2, bracts; 3, ray-floret; 4, disk-floret; 5, pappus; 6, anthers;
7, style-arms :—all enlarged.
Disk-flowers 10-12 ; corolla + in. long ; anthers apiculate, — ]
8119
a iy
= We
caw lin
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lt#Imp
MS.del. JN Fitch lth
L Reeve & C° Londan.
Tas. 8119.
MECONOPSIS PUNICEA.
Tibet and W. China.
PapaVERACEAE. Tribe EUPAPAVEREAE.
Meconopsts, Vig.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i p. 52; Prantl &
Kiindig in Engl. & Prantl Pflanzenfam. vol. iti. part 2, p. 141.
Meconopsis (§ Polychaetia) punicea, Maxim. Flor. Tangut. p. 34, t. 23,
figs. 12-21; Gard. Chron. 1904, vol. xxxvi. pp. 282, 289, ig. 130; Prain in
Ann. Bot. vol. xx. p. 355; species in genere ob flores intense puniceos
insignis, caeterisque exceptis M. integrifolia et M. Oliweriana tantum,
quibus flores ambabus sunt Jutei, stigmate eessili discrepat.
Herba monocarpica, acaulis. Folia radicalia caespitosa, pilis barbellatis laxe
hirsuta, ovato-lanceolata, apice acuta, margine integra, basi sensim in
petiolum Jatiusculum attenuata, 18-30 cm. longa, 4-5 cm. lata, utrinque
viridia. Flores magni, speciosi, alabastrisque nutautes, pedunculis 1-floris
simplicibus 45-50 cm. altis pilis subretrorsis indutis. Sepala 2, oblongo-
ovata, 3 cm. longa, extra hirsuta. Petala 4, rarissime in cultis staminum
impendio 8-9, ovato-oblonga, intense punicea, 10 cm. longa, 6 cm. lata.
Stamina oo, pluri-seriata, filamentis liguliformibus glabris discretis. Ova-
rium e carpellis 4-6 compositum, dense appresse hirsutum, ovatum, 2
cm. longum, stigmate sessili 4-6-lobo, lobis divaricatis radiantibus
coronatum; placentae intrusae; ovula plurima. Capsula ovata, 2°5 cm.
longa, 1°25 cm. lata; semina reticulata.
The Poppyworts which compose the genus Meconopsis
are familiar and favourite plants in Alpine gardens. ‘he
genus is now known to include about twenty-seven dis-
tinguishable forms, of which seventeen have been intro-
duced at various times to European horticulture; about
twelve of these are now familiar to English growers.
With the exception of M. cambrica, which is European,
and two forms, possibly not specifically distinct, from
California, the species of this genus are confined to the
Himalayan range, to Western China, and to the eastern
half of the Tibetan table-land. The foilowing have already
been figured in the Botanical Magazine :—M. Wallichii,
t. 4668; M. aculeata, t. 5456; M. robusta, under the name
M. nipalensis, t. 5585; M. napaulensis, as M. Wallichia,
var. rubrofusca, t. 6760; M. heterophylla, t. 7636; and
M. integrifolia, t. 8027.
Meconopsis punicea is unlike any species hitherto re-
ported as regards the colour of its petals. In the majority
of the species this is either yellow or blue, a few have
Fepruary Ist, 1907.
purple or red or orange flowers. M. punicea is the only
species, so far known, in which the flowers after expansion
remain pendulous. It further differs from the other known
species, except M. integrifolia and M. Oliveriana, both of
which have yellow petals, in the absence of a style. The
divaricately radiating stigmatic lobes are characteristic of
the group Grandes, of which M. punicea is a member.
Meconopsis punicea was first collected in Northern Tibet
in 1884 by the late General Przewalski; it was obtained
again in Northern Szechuen, in 1885, by Mr. G. N.
Potanin. More recently it has been met with by Mr. — :
K. H. Wilson, who gathered it in September, 1903, in
grasslands about Sungpen, in Western China, at from
11,000-14,500 ft. above sea-level. Plants were raised
by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons from seed communicated —
by Mr. Wilson. The plant figured, which flowered in the
Rock Garden at Kew in June, 1906, was raised from seeds
presented to Kew by Messrs. Veitch & Sons. This species
is a biennial, flowering in the second year from seed, the
crown of leaves dying down during the winter that pre-
cedes flowering. It thrives best in moist soil in a shaded
situation, and ripens its seeds under cultivation.
Descr.—A monocarpic herb. Stem 0. Leaves tufted,
radical, sparsely hairy, ovate-lanceolate, apex acute, mar-
gin entire, tapering gradually into a rather broad petiole,
7-12 in. long, 14-2 in. wide, green above and below.
Flowers large, striking, remaining pendulous after they
open; peduncles slender, simple, 1-flowered, beset with
spreading or reflexed hairs, 16-20 in. long. Sepals 2,
oblong-ovate, 14 in. long, hirsute externally. Petals nor-
mally 4, occasionally in cultivation the outer stamens
replaced by 4-5 additional petals, very dark pink, 4 in.
long, 24 in. across, ovate-oblong. Stamens indefinite,
several-seriate, the outer series sometimes replaced by
additional petals, filaments flattened, glabrous, free.
Ovary of 4-6 carpels, densely adpressed-hirsute, ovate,
¢ in. long; stigma sessile, 4—6-lobed, the lobes divaricate
and radiating ; placentas intruded; ovules numerous. Cap-
sule ovate when ripe, 1 in. long, } in. wide; seeds with
reticulated testa.—D. Praty.
Figs. 1 and 2, stamens ; 3, pistil, enlarged ; 4, an entire plant, about one-sieth —
natural size,
8120
Fitch hth
BIS. del, J.N
Vincert Brooles Day &SanL ap
dom...
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Reeve &
Tas. 8120.
RIBES MOGOLLONICUM.
South-Western United States.
SaXIFRAGACEAE. Tribe RIBESIEAE.
Ries, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 654.
Ribes (§ Ribesia) mogollonicum, (reene in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, vol. viii.
p. 121; species distincta R. nevadensi, Kellogg, proxima, sed racemis
strictis suberectis, calycis viridescenti-albescentis tubo et segmentis
brevioribus, petalis late obovatis brevioribus differt.
Frutex robustus, omnino inermis, e basi ramosus; rami 1°5-3 m. alti, ut ramuli
erecti vel ascendentes, novellis minute puberulis. olia late 5- (rarius
3-) lobata, suborbicularia, 2°5-7 cm. diam., basi cordata, basi juxta
venas parcissime pilosa, glandulis sessilibus conspersa; lobi late ovati
vel triangulares, crenato- vel bicrenato-serrati; petioli 2-4 cm. longi,
dense minuteque puberuli. Racemié solitarii, ab apice ramulorum brevis-
simorum foliatorum orti, stricti, erecti vel erecto-patentes, glandulis
stipitatis praediti, multi- et confertiflori, 15-3 cm. longi; pedunculi 2°5-3
em. longi; bracteae elliptico-oblongae vel oblougo-spathulatae, 3-4 mm.
longae, margine translucidae; pedicelli 15-4 mm. longi. Calycis virides-
centi-albescentis tubus 1-1'5 mm. longus; segmenta oblonga, 3 mm. longa,
circiter 2 mm. lata, paulum patentia, obtusa, conspicue paucivenosa.
Petala alba, late obovato-spathulata vel rhomboideo-obovata, 1°5 mm.
longa. Stamina petalis paulo longiora. Ovarium glandulis pallide
luteis breviter stipitatis dense vestitum. Stylus 1°5-2°5 mm. longus, ad
medium bifidus. Bacca purpureo-nigrescens, ovoideo-globosa, circiter
7 mm. diam., glandulis stipitatis parce instructa, edulis.—R. Wolfii,
Rothrock in American Naturalist, vol. viii. p. 358, partim.
There is no question as to the identity of our plant with
R. mogollonicum, but there are difficulties in the way of
using this name for it. Mrs. Brandegee in Zoe, vol. iv.
p. 88, appears to have been the first to point out that this
species is the same as R. Wolfii, Rothrock. Keference to
the description, however, was not convincing. Inanumber
of points it is not applicable to £. mogollonicum, especially
in the red sepals and petals, and the shape of the latter.
These discrepancies may be explained by Prof. Coville’s
remarks in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of
Washington, vol. xiv. p. 1. He discovered that the type
sheet of &. Wolfii preserved in the National Herbarium,
Washington, consisted of specimens of two distinct species,
one represented by flowering specimens which Coville
proposed to regard as the type of &. Woljii, the other by
fruiting specimens, which belong to Lv. coloradense, Coville.
Fespruary Ist, 1907.
But Rothrock, when he drew up his description, also had a
third plant in mind, for he cites as a synonym of I. Woljii
the R. sanguineum var. variegatum of S. Watson in King’s
Report of the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel,
vol. v. p. 100, which most authorities consider to be
specifically distinct from R. sanguineum. In the Botany
of California, vol. i. p. 207, Watson adhered to his name,
and reduced Rothrock’s species. A search in the Kew
Herbarium brought to light the apparent identity of
Watson’s plant with R. nevadense, Kellogg in the Pro-
ceedings of the California Academy of Natural Sciences,
vol. i. (1855), p. 63, ed. 2 (1873), p. 65, and this view is
supported by Greene in his Flora Franciscana, p. 198,
where he cites 2. sanguineum var. varieqatum, S. Wats., as
Synonymous with Kellogg’s species, but he implies that
Watson’s name covers more than one plant, for he adds
“partly.” Weare satisfied that R. mogollonicum, Greene,
is the same as &. Wolfii, Rothrock, as emended and re-
stricted by Coville, but we are doubtful as to the
advisability of rejecting a name now introduced into
gardens, and about which there is no uncertainty, for one
which has led to so much confusion.
The plant from which the accompanying figure was
prepared was raised from seed received from Mr. H.
Henkel, of Darmstadt, in 1900. It is now about 2 ft.
high. Anotber plant, obtained from the Missouri Botanical
Garden in 1902, is 44 ft. high. It flowers in May.
In habit RB. mogollonicum closely resembles R. sangut-
newm, Pursh, and has similar large pink winter-buds. It
has the odour of the Black Currant (R. nigrum, Linn.).
The species is a native of the Mogollon Mountains in New
Mexico, and of several localities in Colorado and Utah.
Descv.—A robust, unarmed shrub, branched from the
base ; branches reaching a height of 10 ft., like the branch-
lets erect or ascending, minutely puberulous on the
youngest parts. Leaves 5- more rarely 3-lobed, suborbi-
cular, 1-3 in. across, cordate at the base, sparingly pilose
on the under side, and sprinkled with sessile glands ; lobes
broadly ovate or triangular, crenate-serrate or bicrenate-
serrate; petioles 3-13 in. long. Racemes solitary, arising
at the apex of very short leafy branchlets, straight, erect,
or erect-spreading, sprinkled with stalked glands, many-
and dense-flowered, §-14 in. long; peduncles 1-11 in.
long; bracts elliptic-oblong or oblong-spathulate, ;4—§ in.
long; pedicels $ in. long. Calyx greenish-white; tube
about ; in. long; segments ,4 in. long, about ,', in. broad,
somewhat spreading, obtuse, conspicuously few-veined.
Petals white, broadly obovate-spathulate or rhomboid-
obovate, scarcely half as long as the calyx-segments.
Ovary densely covered with shortly stalked pale yellow
glands. Berry purplish- or bluish-black, ovoid-globose,
about % in. across, edible, sparingly furnished with stalked
glands.—S. A. Sxan.
Fig. 1, flower, with bract attached to the base of the pedicel; 2 and 3,
stamens; 4, portion of the epidermis of the ovary with gland-tipped hairs;
5, seeds :—all enlarged.
87121
MS.deL JN Fitch ith Vincent Brooks Day & Son Ltt bp
L.Reeve &C° London.
Tas. 8121.
SACCOLABIUM RUBESCENS,
Annan.
ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.
SaccoLaBlum, Blume ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 578.
Saccolabium rubescens, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1906, p. 114; Orch. Rev.
1906, p. 220; a S. ampullaceo, Lindl., caule altiore, foliis latioribus et
subrecurvis, racemis pedunculatis, sepalis petalisque multo minoribus
differt.
Caulis erectus, robustus, circa 25 cm. altus. Folia patentia vel recurva,
coriacea, oblonga, inaequaliter et brevissime biloba, 12-15 cm. longa,
2°5-3'2 cm. lata. Scapi suberecti, 15-17 cm. longi. Racemi 7°5-10 em.
longi, multiflori, Bracteae ovatae, obtusae, concavae, 1 mm. longae.
Pedicelli 138-2 cm. longi. Sepalum posticum late ellipticum, obtusum,
vix 4 mm. longum; sepala lateralia ovata, quam posticum latiora.
Petala late elliptica, obtusa, vix 4 mm. longa. Labellum trilobum; lobi
laterales transverse oblongi, obtusissimi, incurvi, breves; lobus inter-
medius ovato-oblongus, subacutus, basi patens, apice incurvus, 1 mm.
longus ; calear strictum vel subincurvum, 1 cm. longum. Colwmna
brevissima.
Saccolabium rubescens, Rolfe, is one of the numerous
novelties discovered in Annam by Mr. W. Micholitz, when
collecting there for Messrs. Sander & Sons, in 1903. It
is allied to the North Indian S. ampullaceum, Lindl., but is
more robust in habit, and has much smaller flowers. The
plant figured came from the importers, and flowered at
Kew under tropical treatment in March, 1905. Shortly
afterwards it flowered in the Royal Botanic Gardens,
Glasnevin.
The genus is a large and polymorphic one, widely
diffused in tropical Asia, where it practically replaces the
African genus Angraecum, for though usually so different
in the colour of the flowers, they are structurally very
similar, and one or two African species have been de-
scribed under both genera. Eleven species have already
been figured in this work, and those which are nearly
allied to the present one are S. ampullaceum, Lindl.
(t. 5595), from N. India, 8. Hendersonianum, Reichb. f.
(t. 6222) from Borneo, S. miniatum, Lindl. (t. 5326), from
Java, and S. Mooreanum, Rolfe (t. 7428), supposed to
be from Sumatra. 8S. Huttoni, Hort. (t. 5681), is now
referred to Aérides.
Fexsrvary Ist, 1907.
Descr.—An erect epiphyte, nearly a foot high. Leaves
distichous, spreading or recurved, coriaceous, oblong, very
shortly and unequally bilobed, 5—6 in. long, 1-1} in. broad.
Scapes nearly erect, 6-7 in. high ; racemes 3-5 in. long,
ery: flowered. Bracts ovate, obtuse, concave, scarcely
go in. long. Pedicels # in. long. Flowers 2 in. long » hight
rose-purple. Dorsal sepal broadly elliptical, obtuse, 5
long; lateral sepals ovate, broader than the dorsal.
Petals broadly elliptical, obtuse, § in. long. Lip 3-lobed;
side lobes transversely oblong, very obtuse, incurved,
short; front lobe GTate-ODION subacute, spreading at the
base, incurved at the apex, so ee long; spur straight or
slightly curved, obtuse, under } in. long. Column very
short.—R. A. Rote.
Fig. 1, flower ; 2, column ; 3 and 4, pollinarium, seen from front and back :—
all enlarged.
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MS.del, JN Fitch kth
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L Reeve & C°? 1,
Tis. 8128:
ALOE paturpirLora.
South Africa 2?
Littaczar. Tribe ALorras.
Atoz, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii: p. 776.
Aloe pallidiflora, A. Berger in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxxvi. p. 58; A. macra-
canthae, Biker (B. M. t. 6580), affinis, foliorum spinis marginalibus inter
se propior:bus, perianthioque extus concolore differt.
Acaulis, simplex. Folia dense rosulata, erecto-patentia, lineari-lanceolata,
longe acuminata, circa 35 cm. longa, 6-8 em. lata et 1°3-1°5 em. cras<a,
faciebus convexis, supra obscure viridia, maculis albidis lineari-oblongis
Saepe geminatis vix fasciatim dispositis sed saepissime confluentibus
marmorata, lineisque concoloribus obscurioribusque praesertim secus
Margines striato-nervata, sibtus pallide viridia, immaculata; margines
rinuato-dentati, aculeis deltoideis apice corneis brunneis pungentibus
3-6 mm. longis armati. Inflorescentia 0°8-1'3 m. alta; scapus glaucus,
infra nedium ramosns, ramis lateralibus 8-13, erecto-patentibus, terminali
brevioribus ; racemi superne densi. 4-10 em. longi; pedicelli circa 1°5 em.
longi; bracteae scariosae, deltoideae, subulatae, 3-nerviae, 1-1°5 cm.
longae. Perianthiwm pallidum, incarnatum, supra ovarium leviter con-
strictum, faucem versus leviter ampliatum et curvatam, 3 cm. longum,
subhexagonum; segmenta ultra medium connata, marginilus albidis,
medio pallide striato-nervata, apice leviter recurvula, intus luteola.
Filamenta vix exserta ; antherae obiongae, aurantiacae.
The plant of Aloe pallidiflora, Berger, here figured
flowered in the garden of Sir Thomas Hanbury at La
Mortola in April, 1906. It was obtained some years ago,
without name, from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Berlin,
and first flowered in March, 1904. Its native country is
unknown, but it certainly is not from German South-
West Africa, nor from German East Africa, neither have
_I seen jt in any of the herbaria to which I have had access.
Possibly it is a native of South Africa, and perhaps of
the eastern regions, as it seems to me to be related to
A. Greatheadi, Schoenland, in ‘‘ Records Albany Museum,”
vol. i. p. 121, and A. transvaalensis,O. Kunze, in “ Rev.
Gen.” vol. iii. 2, p. 314, both natives of the Transvaal.
So far it has produced a few capsules, but the seeds
did not germinate, neither has it thrown up suckers as so
many of its near allies generally do. At La Mortola it is
quite hardy, though last year the flower-spike and the
tops of the leaves seem to have suffered from the cold of
the previous winter.
Marcu Ist, 1907,
Descr.—A stemless plant. Leaves in a dense rosette,
erecto-patent, linear-lanceolate, tapering into a long point,
about 14 in. long, 25-3 in. wide, and ¢ in. thick, bicon-
vex in section, dull green above and marbled with long,
whitish marks, and nerved with similar lines, especially
near the margin, pale green and unspotted beneath; ©
margins sinuate and armed with brown, deltoid, horny,
sharp spines as much astin.long. Inflorescence from 24—4ft.
high; scape glaucous, branched from below the middle;
branches 8-13, erecto-patent, the terminal one the shortest ;
pedicels about 2 in. long; bracts scarious, deltoid, subulate, -
3-nerved, about 1 in. long. Perianth pale flesh-colour,
yellowish inside, 1} in. long; tube slightly constricted
above the ovary, curved and slightly swollen near the
throat, somewhat hexagonal; lobes not quite as long as
the tube, with whitish margins and central striped area,
slightly recurved at the apex. Filaments scarcely ex-
serted ; anthers oblong, orange.—ALWIN BerGer.
Figs. 1 and 2, stamens; 3, pistil :—all enlarged.
8123
M.Sdeél IN-Fitch hth Vincent Brooks Day& SanLitimp :
LReeve & C2? London
Tas. 8128;
BLEPHAROCALYX sprranoipks.
oe Brazil.
MyrrackEak. Tribe Myrrear.
BierHarocatyx, Berg.; Niedenzu in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenf. vol. iii. 7, p. 71,
Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 715, sub Myrto.
Blepharocalyx spiraeoides, Stapf; affinis B. angustifolio, sed foliis mino-
ribus obtusis, panicula densiflora, cymis bifloris, sepalis aequalibus vix
albo-marginatis, petalis majoribus, bacca majore distinctus. :
Frutex multiramosus, densus, 3 m. altus, ramis gracilibus tenuissime
puberulis tandem cortice fusco tectis. Folia lanceolato-linearia, utriuque
obtusa, 1-2 cm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, tenuiter coriacea, glabra, viridia,
subtus pallidiora, marginibus recurvis, nervis lateralibus inconspicuis;
petiolus vix 1 mm. longus. Cymae biflorae,in paniculas multitloras
densas (hinc inde folhis admixtas) collectae; pedunculi pedicellique graciles
puberuli; bracteae elliptico-ovatae, parvae; bracteolae ad calycis basin
sitae, rotundatae; pedicelli 1°5-2 mm. longi. Receptaculwm obovoi-
deum, glabrum, 0°38 mm. longum. Calyx receptaculo aequilongus vel
paulo longior, segmentis 4 rotundato-ovatis ciliatis. Petala 4, late
elliptica, concava, pallide flava, ciliata, 3 mm. longa. Stamina circiter
18, longiora petala aequantia. Ovariwm 2-loculare, ovulis biseriatis, 6 in
unaquaque placenta, placentis vix prominentibus. Bacca globosa, 8 mm.
diametro, rubra vel tandem violaceo-nigricans. Semen unicum (semper ?);
testa crustacea, tenuis. Hmbryo curvatus, glandulosus, cotyledonibus
minutis.
This is a very handsome and freely flowering shrub,
somewhat of the habit of a Spiraea, and it thrives well
in a warm house. The plant from which the drawing
was made was received from Baron Capanema, Director
of Telegraphs of Brazil, in 1885. There are no specimens
of the wild plant at Kew, and its exact habitat is un-
known. The area of the genus extends almost over the
whole of South America, reaching to 42° 8. lat. in Chile.
It is, however, doubtful whether all the species referred to
Blepharocalyx belong to that genus, and even whether it
should be retained as distinct from Myrtus, from which it
differs mainly in having a thin, crustaceous testa, instead
of a thick, bony one.
Deser.—A much-branched shrub, about 9 ft. high, with
slender, finely pubescent branches. Leaves lanceolate-
linear, obtuse at both ends, $—? in. long, ;4,-34 in. broad,
thinly coriaceous, glabrous, green, with recurved margins,
and very short petioles. Cymes 2-flowered, arranged in
Marcia Ist, 1907.
dense, many-flowered panicles; peduncles and_ pedicels
slender, puberulous ; bracts elliptic-ovate, small; pedicels
upto ;yin.long. Receptacle obovoid, glabrous, about g in.
long. Calyx as long as the receptacle, with four rotundate-
ovate, ciliate segments. Petals 4, broad-elliptic, concave,
pale yellow, ciliate, $ in. long. Stamens about 18, the
longest as long as the petals. Ovary 2-celled; ovules:
about six in each cell, in two rows. Berry globose, } in. in
diameter, red, or at length violet-black. Seed solitary; testa
thin, crustaceous, Hmbryo curved, glandular ; cotyledons
minute.—Orto Srapr. i
Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, bud; 3, flower; 4, fruit; 5, fruit, cut open; 6, embryo:— =
all enlarged, excepting fig. 4.
8124
Vincent Brooks Day &Sonit iy
M.S del DNF itch hth
LReeve &C® London
Tas. 8124.
PRIMUL A DEORUM.
Bulgaria.
Primutacrak. Tribe PrimuLeag.
Primuta, L.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631.
Primula (§ Auriculs) deorum, Velen. in Véstnik Kral. césk spoletn.nauk. 1890,
p. 55 (Sitzb. Boehm. Gesell. Wiss. 1890); Fl. Bulgar. 1891, p. 479 ; Suppl.
vol. i, 1898, p. 242; Hindmarsh in Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. vol. xxix. (1904),
p- 32, f. 1; Flora & Sylva, vol. ii. (1904), p. 239; Masters in Gard. Chron.
1905, vol. xxxvii. p. 98, f. 44; Pre & Knuth in Engler, Pfllanzenr. Primul.
1905, p. 146; Reuthe in The Garden, 1905, p. 327; species ex affinitate
P. glutinosae a qua planta majore et foliis saepius omniuo integris differt.
Perennis omnino glabra, ad scapum superne et pedicellos valde glutinifera,
rhizomate crisso carnoso interdum ramoso. Folia 6-12, crassa, coriacea,
spathulato-lanceolata, vel interdum fere linearia, 3-8 cm. longa, vix acuta,
integra vel rare supra medium paucidentata. Scapi solitarii, graviles, 8-15
em. longi, saepius 5-10-Hori, vel in culto interdum usque ad 18-22 cm.
alti et 20-flori, umbella unilaterali. Involucri bracteae lineares, pedicellis
- longiores, basi haud saceatae; pedicelli 3-10 mm. longi. Flores purpureo-
violacei vel sanguineo-purpurei, speciosi. Calyx cirnosus, 4-5 mm. longus,
ad medium fissus, laciniis obtusis. Corolla hypocraterimorpha; tubus
gracilis, circiter 1-2 cm. longus; limbi circiter 1°5 cm. diametro lobi
imbricati, bifidi, segmentis rotundatis. Genitalia inclusa. Capsula
globosa, calyce non accrescente inclusa.
Dr. J. Velenovsky discovered this fine Auricula in 1890,
growing in humid, grassy places, within the snows (inter
nives), at the sources of the River Isker, near the summit
of the Rilo Dagh, South-western Bulgaria; and it has
since been found in the Muss Alla Dagh and the Despoto
Dagh, in the same region. Mr. H. J. Elwes, F.R.S.,
collected it in the original locality in 1899, at an elevation
of between “4,000 and 7,000 ft.’’ Velenovsky gives the
altitude as 2,500 metres—about 8,200 ft., whereas Pax
and Knuth give 2,600 to 2,700 metres, equal to about
8,500 to 8,850 ft. Some uncertainty prevails as to who
first introduced this plant into cultivation. Pax and
Knuth say ‘in cultivation since 1904, introduced by
Messrs. Stansfield,” and Mr. Hindmarsh, in whose garden
at Alnwick it flowered in 1904, states that it had probably
not flowered before in this country; but records prove
that Primula deorum has been in cultivation at Kew ever
since April, 1892, and Mr. G. Reuthe, in the place cited
ahove, gives what is doubtless the true history of its
introduction into cultivation. According to him, Mr. Max
Marca Ist, 1907.
Kolb, of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Munich, sent {pro-
bably on the garden account] Mr. Kellerer (now
Superintendent at Sofia) to Bulgaria in 1891, to procure
living plants of P. deorwm and other Bulgarian rarities.
Some of these came into his (Reuthe’s) possession, and he
disposed of them to Mr. Thomas Ware, of Tottenham.
They grew into ‘* magnificent specimens,” and flowered in
1892, when they were exhibited at one of the shows of
the Royal Horticultural Society as well as at the Royal
Botanic Society at Regent’s Park. I have not been able
to find any record of these events in the gardening papers
of that date, and Primula deorum is not included in either
of the Kew Lists of New Plants of that period; but it is
offered in Ware’s Catalogue for 1894.
The first plant cultivated at Kew was received from the
Munich Botanic Garden in April, 1892. Subsequently
another plant, or plants, was obtained from Mr. Thos.
Ware; in 1904 a further supply was obtained from Mr.
Max Leichtlin, and it was from one of these plants, which
flowered in May, 1906, that the drawing for the accom-_
panying plate was made. ~ a
Although the “ Primula of the Gods” has been. success-
fully grown in some gardens, it is no doubt a_ difficult
subject, and it does not flourish in the open at Kew. It
flowered in Mr. Hindmarsh’s Rock Garden on a north
exposure, in sandy loam, at the foot of a broad stone.
Mr. Velenovsky does not explain why he gave this plant
the specific name deorum, but it was probably not given on
account of its surpassing in beauty all other European
species, though at its best it is no doubt very ornamental.
Desev. — Perennial, glabrous in all parts. Rhizome
thick, fleshy. Leaves from 6-12 in a loose rosette, thick,
leathery, spathulate-lanceolate, 14-3} in. long. Scape
solitary, 7-9 in. high, 15-20-flowered, very glutinous in
the upper part. Bracts about as long as the flower-stalks,
the longest of which are about an inch long. Flowers violet-
purple or crimson-purple, about 2 in. in diameter. Corolla-
lobes notched. Stamens and pistil included in the corolla-—
tube. Capsule small, enclosed in the calyx which does not
enlarge.—W. Botrine Hemstry.
Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, section of corolla showing some of the stamens ;
3, ovary :—all enlarged. : oe
Pitch ith
M-S.del, IN
Vincent Brooks Day &SanLttinp
L Reeve & C° London
Tas. 8125.;
CAIOPHORA coronata.
a The Andes.
LoasacEaE. Tribe Loasraz.
Caropuora, Presl; Urb. et Gilg. in Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. vol. Ixxvi. p. 268.
Blamenbachia, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 805, partim,
Caiophora coronata, Hook. et Arn. in Hook. Bot. Misc. vol. iii. (1833), p. 327,
Urb. et Gilg. l.c., p. 278; Reiche, Fl. Chile, vol. iii. p. 251; babitu ad CO.
cirsitfoliam, Presl, et OC. cymbiferam, Urb. et Gilg, accedit; ab ambabus
speciebus toliis magis dissectis, squama nectarifera fila 3 dorsalia gerente
et staminodiis interivribus exappendiculatis recedit.
Herba perennis. Caules plures, satis elongati, basi decumbentes. Folia
opposita, decussata, infima rosulata, longipetiolata, ambitu ovata usque
lanceolata, bipinnatisecta, pinnis ambitu ovatis usque lanceolatis, pinnulis
integris vel serrato-dentatis, utrinque setis longis horridula, subtus
subcano-pubescentes. Flores pseudolaterales, pentameri. Calyx dense
setosus; lobi pinnatisecti. Petala cymbiformia, circ. 35 cm. longa, extra
setosa et pubescentia, intus glubra. Squamae nectariferae rectangulares
(explanatae), vix 5 mm. longae, circiter 5 mm. latae, leviter trilobatae, lol.is
circ. 0°5 mm. longis, intermedio cire. 3 mm. lato, dorso fila tria cire. 1°5 mm.
supra basin gerentes. Staminodia interiora exappendiculata. Capsula obo-
voideo-obconica, decemnervis, recta.—C. absinthiifolia, Pres], Rel. Haenk.
vol. ii. p. 43. Blumenbachia coronata, Haage et Schmidt in Rev. Hortic.}
1874, p. 58, figs. 9,10. Loasa coronata, Gill. ex Arn. in Edinb. Journ. Geogr.
Sc. vol. iii. (1831), p. 274. L. pilosa, Meyen, Reise, vol. i. p. 470.
The Loasaceae afford a ‘good example of discontinuous
distribution, twelve of the thirteen genera being endemic
in America, and one, Kissenia, in Africa and Arabia. The
family is perhaps best known on account of the long,
stinging bristles which clothe most of the species.
Another kind of hair, very characteristic of the
Loasaceae, is much smaller, and provided with numerous
barbs, by which the hairs readily become fixed in the skin
of any animal touching them. 7
The terete stem of Caiophora, and the much dilated or
trifurcate placentas, distinguish the genus from Bluwmen-
bachia, with which some authors have united it. The home
of Caiophora is in the Andes of Chile, the Argentine
Republic, Bolivia, and Peru; a single species, however, is
found in Ecuador, one in Uruguay, and two or three in the
south of Brazil.
C. coronata is the most widely distributed species, and
has been found at altitudes of 9,300-14,600 ft. above the
Marcu Ist, 1907.
sea in the Andes, from the Argentine Republic to Peru.
Seeds of it were collected in February, 1902, at about
10,000 ft., on the Argentine side of the Portillo Pass, east
of Santiago, by Mr. H. J. Elwes, F.R.S., who raised a fine
plant in his garden, and communicated the flowering stem
represented in the accompanying figure.
CQ. coronata was first introduced from Chile (in 1872,
according to Nicholson’s Dictionary of Gardening) by
Messrs. Haage & Schmidt, and was figured by them as
Blumenbachia coronata in the ‘‘ Revue Horticole ” for 1874.
Urban and Gilg, in their monograph of the Loasaceae, re-
duce B. coronata, Haage et Schmidt, to Caiophora superba,
but the figures and description in the “ Revue Horticole ”
leave little doubt that it is the true C. coronata, Hook. et Arn.
Five other species of Caiophora have appeared in this
Magazine, namely: C. aequatoriana, t. 6134 (Blumenbachia
contorta) ; C. superba, t. 6143 (Blumenbachia chuquitensis) ;
C. lateritia, t. 8632, and C. Pentlandii, t. 4095 (both.
under Loasa) ; and O. canarinoides, t. 5022 (under Iilairea).
Descr.—A perennial herb. Stems several from the base,
decumbent. Leaves opposite and decussate, with a long
petiole, bipinnatisect, armed on both surfaces with long
stinging bristles, and whitish-pubescent on the lower sur-
face with small barbed hairs. Flowers pentamerous.
Calyz densely clothed with long’ bristles ; lobes pinnatisect.
Petals white, boat-shaped, contracted at the base, about
13 in, long, bristly and pubescent outside, glabrous inside.
Nectaries rectangular when flattened out, hardly } in. long,
and only slightly broader, bearing three thread-like pro-
cesses outside, about a third above the base, shallowly
3-lobed, the middle lobe much broader than the lateral
ones. Inner staminodes without appendages. Capsule
straight, with ten prominent nerves.—T. A. SpraGue.
Fig. 1, hairs from leaf
3 2, nect 3, : “ 3 :
and style :—all enlarged. ary ; 3, an inner staminode; 4, top of orey
8126
“Rroent Brooks Day & Son Lt aap
J.N.Fitchlith
e
M.S.del,
L.Reeve &C° London.
Taz. 8126.
PAPHIOPEDILUM VILLOSUM, var. ANNAMENSE.
Annam.
OrcuHipacEAE. Tribe CypRIPEDIEAE.
PapPHIoPeDILuM, Pfitzer Morphol. Stud. Orchideenbl. p. 11 (ex parte) ; Rolfe in
Orch. Rev. 1896, p. 363 (char. restrict.) ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol.
iii, p. 635 (Cypripedium, § Coriaceae).
Paphiopedilum villosum, Pjiizer, var. annamense, Rolfe (nov. var.); a
typo foliis longioribus et angustioribus, sepalo postico gilvo et disco viridi
atropurpureo-fasciato ditfert.
Herba caespitosa. Folia suberecta vel arcuata, lineari-oblonga, bidentata,
coriacea, 20-40 cm. longa, 2-2°5 cm. lata, saturate viridia, basi branneo-
maculata. Scapus validus, erectus, villosus, 15-25 cm. altus, viridis,
brunneo-maculatus, uniflorus. Bracteae elliptico-oblongae, subobtusae,
conduplicatae, circa 4 cm.longae. Floresampli. Ovarium villosissimum.
Sepalum posticum erectum, obovato-orbiculare, obtusum, ciliolatum, mar-
gine prope apicem incurvum, apud basin recurvum, circa 4°5 cm. longum,
gilvum, disco viride atroparpureo-fasciatum, Petala divaricata, obovato-
oblonga, obtusa, ciliolata, laeviter uudulata, circa 6 cm. longa, pallide
flava, brunneo-fasciata. Labellwm calceiforme, circa 4 cm. longum, ore
dilatatum, flavum, fronte brunneo-suffusum, lobi laterales rostrati.
Columna parce villosa; staminodium orbiculari-ellipticam, subconcavum,
circa 1°5 cm. longum, apice tridentatum, basi bilobum, medio papilla
erecta instructum.
The typical form of Paphiopedilum villosum, Pfitzer, is a
native of Burma, which was discovered and introduced to
cultivation over half a century ago, and for a long period
has been one of the most popular winter-flowering species
of the genus, A somewhat different form has now ap-
peared, having been sent from Annam by Mr. W. Micho-
- litz, when collecting there for Messrs. Sander & Sons. A
plant in flower was presented to Kew by the importers
about a year ago, from which the annexed plate was pre-
pared, and owing to the longer, narrower and more erect
leaves, together with a marked difference in the colour of
the dorsal sepal, it was proposed to distinguish it as above.
A plant exhibited at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural
Society last March by Messrs. Sander possessed the same
peculiarity, and we understand that it applies to the whole
importation. Indeed, when out of flower, it was taken
for something quite different. It appears to be a distinct
geographical form, but in the present state of our know-
ledge it seems best to accord it varietal rank only. ‘These
Marcu Ist, 1907.
Annamese importations have proved surprisingly rich in
novelties, and there are other geographical problems on
which they may throw light when the results are better
known,
Descr.—A dwarf tufted herb, about a foot high. Leaves
erect or arching, linear-oblong, bidentate at the apex,
coriaceous, 8-16 in. long, nearly an inch broad, dull green,
spotted with brown at the conduplicate base. Scape
stout, erect, villous, 6-10 in. high, green, spotted with
brown, one-flowered. Bracts elliptic-oblong, subobtuse,
conduplicate, over 14 in. long. Flowers large. Ovary
shaggy. Upper sepal erect, obovate-orbicular, obtuse,
slightly ciliate, nearly 2 in. long, with the margin some-
what incurved at the apex and recurved at the base,
cream-coloured, veined and suffused with dark purple on
the disc, which is slightly margined with green; lower
elliptic-oblong, acute, about as long as the lip. Petals
spreading, obovate-oblong, obtuse, ciliolate, slightly un-
dulate, about 2} in. long, light yellow, veined and re-
ticulated with brown. Lip slipper-shaped, about 1} in.
long, yellow, suffused with brown in front, mouth some- —
what dilated, side lobes nearly $ in. long. Column some- —
what villous; staminode orbicular-elliptic, } in. long, —
somewhat concave, tridentate at the apex, bilobed at the
base, and with an erect fleshy tooth in the centre.—
R. A. Rotre. :
Fig. 1, column, showing stamens, staminode, and stigma; 2, the whole
plant :—I, enlarged, 2, much reduced.
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to or Naturaligsed in the British Isles.
Br GEORGE BENTHAM, F.R.S,
8th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. MOORES, CB G.0S.L, ERS ‘Sa 9s.
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA.
4 Series of Woed Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants
_ Drawn sy W.H. FITCH, PLS, ap WG. SMITH, F.L. ae
rming an Illustrated Companion to Bentham’s “ Hanubook,” and other British
Bth Edition, with 1815 Wood ngrsvings, Oe: oo ede ee
LOVELL REEVE & 00. Lesh, 6, HENKIRITA STREET, COVENT GARD
8127
Vincent Brooks, Day & Son st¢imp
M.S.del, JIN. Fitch hth.
L, Reeve & C°Landon,
Pas, S127,
DIOSPYROS Kak.
Fastern India, China, and Japan.
; EBENACEAE.
Diosryros, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen, Plamt. vol. ii. p. 665.
Diospyros Kaki, Linn. f. Suppl. 1781, p. 439; Thunb. Fl. Jap. 1784, p. 157;
Att. Hort. Kew. ed. 2, 1813, vol. v. p. 478; DC. Prodr. 1844, vol. viii.
p- 229, excl. var. glabra ; Hiern in Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc. 1873, vol. xii.
p. 227; Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. 1842, vol. ii. t. 415; Bretsch. Harly Res.
1881, pp. 5, 23, 29, et Europ. Bot. Discov. in China, 1898, p. 630; W. W. in
Gard. Chron. 1893, vol. xiv. p. 682; Sargent, For. Fl. Jap. 1894, p. 50;
species ex affinitate D. Loti, a qua floribus femineis distincte pedunculatis,
calyce sericeo, corolla extus tomentosa et fructu majore differt.
Arbor parva habitu Pyri Mali, dum juvenilis jam fructuosa. Ramuli flori-
geri pubescentes. Folia alterna, decidua, breviter petiolata, lanceolata,
oblonga, elliptica vel interdum fere orbicularia, interdum usque ad 20 em.
longa sed saepius minora, subtus primum pubescentia denique glabra.
Flores masculi parvi, axillares, terni, tetrameri. Calyx campanulatus,
lobis ovatis vel lanceolatis. Corolla urceolata, extus pubescens.
Stamina saepius 16, pubescentia. Flores feminei axillares, solitarii,
tetrameri, flavo-virides, circiter 4 cm. diametro. Culycis lobi crassi, late
ovati vel semiorbiculares, obtusi, fructu valde ‘accrescentes, persistentes.
Corollae coriaceae pilosae lobi oblongo-rotundati, arcte recurvi. Stami-
nodia saepius 8, pilosa, alterna staminibus fertilibus similia, alterna
multo minora, corollae lobis opposita. Ovariwm 8-loculare, basi pilosum ;
stylus inclusus, stigmatibus 4 bifidis. Fructus saepe magnus, globosus,
sed forma ac magnitudine valde variabilis.—D. chinensis, Blume, Cat.
Gew. Buitenz. 1823, p. 110. D. Schitze, Bunge, Enum. P!. Chin. Bor.
1834, p. 42. D. costata, Carr. in Rev. Hort. 1869, p. 284 et 1870, p. 410,
cum ic. color. D. Rowburghii, Carr. op. cit. 1872, p. 253, ff. 28 et 29.
D. Mazeli, Carr. 1874, p. 70 cum ic. color. D. Lycopersicon, Carr. op. cit.
1878, p. 470, cum ic. color.*
_ The genus Diospyros numbers nearly 200 species, widely
spread in tropical and subtropical countries; rarer in tem-
perate regions, and not represented in extra-tropical
South America, Southern Australia, or New Zealand.
D, Kaki, as defined by Hiern, Franchet, and Savatier, and
other botanists, is a very variable species, including a
number of forms regarded as species by some botanists.
Whether the numerous and very different varieties of Date
Plum cultivated in China and Japan have descended from
* The synonyms of the Kaki are numerous, and only the more important
ones are given here; but it is proposed to reproduce the complete synonymy,
together with some gleanings from the literature of the subject, in an early
number of the “ Kew Bulletin.”
Aprit Ist, 1907.
one or more wild species is a difficult question to auswer,
and it will not be attempted here. Schi-tze is the Chinese
and Kaki the Japanese name of the tree and the fruit of
D. Kaki, and the earliest descriptions and records of it are
to be found in the writings of the Jesuit missionaries.
The first is Alv. Semedo, whose work entitled “ Relatione
della grande Monarchia della Cina’’ appeared in 1643.
We have not seen this book, but Bretschneider quotes the
author as stating that the best varieties of the Su-tzu (the
_ name of the fruit in the Amoy dialect) were grown in the
colder parts of China, namely, in Honan, Shensi, Shansi,
and Shantung. The oldest book at Kew in which we find
a figure and description is Boym’s “Flora Sinensis ”
(1656), where it appears under the name Su-pim—* arbor
et fructus su-pim apud sinas tantum nascitur,” etc. On
this Bretschneider remarks: ‘‘ The Chinese name given by
Boym properly denotes the dried fruit, for the second
character means cake.”’
Passing over all other records up to 1813, we find that
D. Kaki was introduced into cultivation in this country
by Sir Joseph Banks in 1789, under the popular name of
Japanese Date Plum. D. Lotus, L., and D. virginiana,
L., were previously in cultivation, as the European Date
Plum and the American Date Plum respectively. Per-
simmon is the name commonly employed in America, but
Date Plum is also given as a synonym in some American
books, and the Japanese use Persimmon in their English
publications. A sheet containing coloured figures of forty-
five varieties of “‘ Japanese Persimmons”’ was issued some
years ago by the Agricultural Bureau of Tokio.
Although introduced more than a century since, the
Kaki has never become in the least popular in the United
Kingdom, and it is doubtful whether it has been con-
tinuously in cultivation. There are several records, how-
ever, of different varieties bearing fruit, among them
D. costata, in Sir William Hutt’s garden in the Isle of Wight,
in 1875 ; but it isnot stated whether it was under glass or
in the open air. From the observations of travellers it
would seem that some varieties are hardier than others,
and it is possible that the hardier ones have not been in-
troduced. But from the experience of French cultivators
the Kaki succumbs to severe winters in the latitude of
Paris, and it is only in the Mediterranean region that it is
really at home out-of-doors. In this country it thrives
perfectly in an ordinary orchard-house or greenhouse, and
it is both ornamental and useful. Whether it would pay
to grow it for market depends upon the public taste. The
variety figured has a delicious fruit when quite ripe—that
is when the pulp has become so soft that a spoon is
needed to take it up. Fruit that commences to colour in
September or October is not ready for use before February,
but it is good to look at.
The plant from which the drawing was made was pur-
chased in 1890 from C. Sahut, nurseryman at Montpellier,
and it first bore fruit in 1893. Since then it has fruited
annually, and this season it bore eighteen fruits. It is a
standard now only about 7 ft. high, with a stem 2 in.
in diameter, and a spread of branches of about 4 ft.
There is no male plant at Kew, so that the fruit is developed
without fertilization having taken place, but it is quite
seedless, or only imperfect seeds are formed. We believe
it to be the same as Carriére’s D. Lycopersicon, but some
of the varieties so closely resemble each other that it
would be rash to decide from a figure. It is also near the
same author’s D. Mazeli, which may or may not be the
same as D. Mazelii, Thib. et Ketel. ex E. Morr. in the
“ Belgique Horticole,” 1874, vol. xxiv. p. 111.
Descr.—A small dioecious tree resembling an apple-tree,
and bearing fruit while quite young. Leaves alternate,
deciduous, very variable in shape, sometimes as much as
8 or 10 in. long. Male flowers pubescent, smaller than
the female, axillary, usually in clusters of three, tetrame-
rous. Stamens usually 16. Female flowers axillary, soli-
tary, green and yellow, 14-2 in. across, almost leathery,
hairy, tetramerous. Calyzx-lobes broadly ovate, or semi-
orbicular, enlarging in. fruit, persistent. Corolla-lobes
oblong, rounded, strongly recurved. Staminodes 8, hairy,
4 large, resembling fertile stamens, 4 smaller, opposite
the petals. Ovary 8-celled, with a ring of hairs around
the base; style included ; stigmas 4, bifid. Fruit often
large and globose, but very variable in size and shape in
the numerous cultivated varieties —W. Borrinc Hemsnny.
Fig. 1, a corolla laid open, showing the staminodes; 2, one of the larger
staminodes ; 3, pistil :—all enlarged.
8128
M.S.del.INFitchiitin. VEncent Brooks Day & Son iatimp.
L.Reeve &C% Lancon
Tas. 8128.
ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Manzanita.
‘California.
Ericacear,
ArctostaPHytos, Adans.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 581.
Arctostaphylos Manzanita, Parry in Bull. Calif. Acad. vol. ii. p. 491;
Sargent in Garden & Forest, vol. iv. p. 565, fig. 90, p. 571; Rehder in
Cycl. Amer. Hortic. vol. i. p. 91; ab A. pungente, H. B. K., quacum saepe
confusa, foliis latis obtusis, inflorescentia elongata, fructu majore, et
tempore florendi differt.
Frutex vel arbor ad 10 m. alta, coma perlata; truncus et rami vetusti cortice
laevi rabra in squamas amplas soluta; rami juniores magis minusve
pubescentes, pube cinerea vel nigricante glandulis intermixtis, deinde
glabrati. Jolia ovata vel ovato-elliptica, obtusa vel acuta, 3°5-4 cm.
longa, 1°5-3'5 cm. lata, coriacea, primo pubescentia, mox glabrata, nervis
tenuibus; petiolus 5-8 mm. longus, pubescens. Panicula brevis, ovoidea
vel corymbosa, multiflora, cum pedunculo brevi ad 4 cm. longa, pedicellis
plerumque glabris exceptis undique glanduloso-pubescens; bracteae per-
sistentes, e basi ovata longe acuminatae; pedicelli ad 6 mm. longi.
Calyx albo-roseus, segmentis 2 mm. longis. Corolla urceolata, ovoidea,
7 mm. longa, alba vel carnea, lobis minutis. Filamenta e basi lata subu-
lata, pilosa; antherae purpureae, elliptico-globosae uti aristae recurvae
papilloso-asperae. Baccae depresso-globosae, 6 mm. altae, 8-12 mm.
diametro, primo albidae, demum fusco-rubrae.
** Manzanita’’ is the Californian vernacular for Arcto-
staphylos generally. Of the ten or eleven species of that
genus found in California, this is no doubt the handsomest.
It is a common and characteristic plant from the foothills
of the coast ranges near the Bay of San Francisco, north-
wards to the high Sierras on both sides of the Sacramento
Valley. Within this great altitudinal range it varies con-
siderably in height and general appearance. At high levels
a low shrub, it attains the dimensions of a tree at low
altitudes and in good and well-watered soil; but more
commonly it might be described as a tall, sprawling shrub.
A photograph of a particularly fine specimen was repro-
duced by Prof. Sargent in ‘‘ Garden and Forest,” lc. It
ineasured between 20 and 25 ft. in height, with a trunk
nearly 13 ft.in girth near the ground anda crown more
than 66 ft. in diameter. The specimen at Kew, which was
raised from seeds purchased from an American nursery-
man in 1897, measures at present a little over 3 ft. in
Aprit Ist, 1907.
height and width. It flowers in its native country accord-
ing to the situation at any time between Christmas and
May. At Kew, where it is quite hardy, the flowers are
produced in early spring and last about a month. Like
other arborescent species of Arctostaphylos it sheds its
bark annually. This peels off in May or June in large,
loose flakes, laying bare the green new bark which soon
turns red. A. pungens, H. B. K., with which A. Manzanita
has been confused, is a native of Mexico, an autumn
flowerer with narrower leaves and shorter, smaller in-
florescences. ;
Descr.—A_ shrub or a tree, up to over 30 ft. high, with
a wide spreading crown; young branches more or less
pubescent and glandular, at length glabrescent. Leaves
ovate or elliptic-ovate, obtuse or acute, shortly mucronate,
rounded or acute at the base, 14-12 in. long, 3-14 in.
broad, coriaceous, finely pubescent when young, soon
glabrous ; petiole #—% in. long, pubescent. Panicle short,
ovoid or corymbose, many-flowered, with the short
peduncle up: to 13 in. long, glandular-pubescent with the
exception of the usually glabrous pedicels; bracts per-
sistent, long-acuminate from an ovate base; pedicels up
to ¢ in. long. Calyw pinkish-white, segments ;’, in. long.
Corolla urceolate, ovoid, somewhat over + in. long, white
or pinkish, with minute lobes. Berry depressed-globose,
4 in. long, 3-4 in. in diameter, ultimately brownish-red.—
Orro Srapr. |
Fig. 1, flower ; 2, pistil with disk and part of the calyx; 3 and 4, stamens :—
all enlarged.
8129
Vincent Bre dus Day & San Litimp e
WJM Fitch lth.
MS.del
L. Reeve & US London.
Tas. 8129.
~CALLIANDRA PORTORICENSIS, vai’. MAJOR,
Mexico and Central America.
LeGuMinosaz. Tribe MimMosEAzE.
CaLuianDRA, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 596; Benth. in
Trans. Linn. Soc, vol. xxx. p. 536.
Calliandra portoricensis, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. iii. 1844,
p- 99; Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxx. p. 543, var. major, Sprague, var.
nov.; a typo calycis lobis deltoideis staminibusque subduplo longioribus
recedit.
Frutez vel arbuscula usque ad 4°5 m. alta, ramulis subteretibus sulcatis
leviter flexuosis, junioribus plus minusve pubescentibus vel tomentellis,
adultis cinereo-corticatis. Stipulae lanceolatae, 4-8 mm. longae. Folii
pinnae 2-7-jugae, foliolis 12-35-jugis linearibus vel lineari-oblongis
5-10 mm. longis 1-3 mm. latis apice obtusissimis interdum minute apicu-
latis basi truncatis margine ciliolatis ceteram appresse pubescentibus
puberulis vel glabris. Pedunculi axillares, solitari1 vel geminati, 3-8 cm.
longi. Capitula ultra 30-flora, floribus sessilibus, ante anthesin versus
- apicem caulis corymbose disposita. Calyx cire. 1°75 mm. longus, lobis
deltoideis 0°5 mm. longis superne pilis eglandulosis longe ciliatis inferne
glanduloso-ciliatis. Corolla 5-6 mm. longa, lobis reflexis 2-3°5 mm.
longis, 1°25-1'75 mm. latis. Stamina circ. 2°5 cm. longa, basi in tubum
1°5-2 mm. longum connata. Legumen 5-10 cm. longum.
The multitude of slender, pure-white filaments grouped
together in the heads of flowers of this shrub gives them a
delicate grace and charm, to which no figure can do justice ;
and when the most suitable treatment has been ascertained,
the new variety should come into favour. It is a native of
Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, and has been collected
at elevations varying from 500 to 6,000 ft. above sea-level.
The Kew plants were purchased in 1906 from a nursery-
a in Hyéres as “Inga alba,” and flowered in the
Temperate House in June and July of that year.
The variety major approaches C. tetragona, Benth. (Bot.
Mag. t. 2651, as Acacia quadrangularis) in the size of the
flowers and shape of the calyx-lobes, and is in fact inter-
mediate between C. tetragona and typical C. portoricensis.
The relationships of the three plants will be discussed in
an early number of the ‘‘ Kew Bulletin.”
Deser.—A shrub or small tree. Branchlets subterete,
grooved, slightly flexuous, more or less pubescent in the
young state. Stipules lanceolate, up to 4 in, long. Leaves
Aprit Ist, 1907.
bipinnate, with 2-7 pairs of pinnae, each pinna with 12-35
pairs of leafiets; leaflets linear or linear-oblong, very
obtuse, sometimes minutely apiculate, truncate at the base,
minutely ciliate, appressed pubescent, puberulous or
glabrous on both surfaces. Pedwneles solitary, or two
together in the axils. Heads about 2 in. in diameter,
composed of more than 30 sessile pure-white flowers.
Calya-lobes deltoid, ciliate with non-glandular hairs in their
upper half, and with gland-tipped hairs in the lower.
Corolla about 4 in. long, with reflexed lobes. Stamens
about 1 in. long. Pod 2-4 in. long.—T. A. Seracus.
Fig. 1, leaflets ; 2, a flower; 3, pistil:—all enlarged.
8130.
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MS. del JN Fitch ith : Vincent Brooks Day & SenitS ump
L. Reeve & C9 London
Tas. 8180.
MECONOPSIS setua.
=
Himalaya,
PapaVERACEAE, Tribe HUPAPAVEREAE.
Meconopsis, Vig.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 52; Prantl &
Kundig in Eng. & Prantl Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. 2, p. 141.
Meconopsis (§ Eumeconopsis) bella, Prain, Jowrn. As. Soc. Beng. vol. Ixiii.
2, p. 82; Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta, vol. ix. 1, p. 3, t. 4; Gard. Chron.
1906, vol. xl. p. 198, fig. 81; Ann. Bot. vol. xx. p. 351; species in
genere ob folia 2-3-secta lobulis parvis insignis; flores coerulei, in seapis
radicalibus singuli.
Herba polycarpica, acaulis. Folia radicalia, conferta, glabra vel parce pilis
simplicibus induta, lamina ovato-lanceolata, 2-3-jugim pinnatisecta,
2'5-5 om. longa, 1-1°5 em. lata, lobulis 5 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis ; petiolus
35-6 cm. longus versus basin parum vaginatus. Flores numerosi in
_pedunculis simplicibus 3°5-8 em. longissinguli. Sepala 2, ovata, 1'5 cm.
longa, 9 mm. lata, glabra. Petala 4, raro 5, coerulea, ovato-rotundata,
3. cm. longa, 2°75 cm. lata. Stamina indefinita, pluriseriata; filamenta
filiformia, glabra, discreta, intense coerulea, antheris oblongis aureis.
Ovarium e carpellis 5-6 compositum, pirce setosum, oblongum, 5 mm.
longum, stylo3 mm. longo glabro; placentae intrusae; ovula numerosa.
Capsula matura subpyriformis, 1°5 em. longa.
Meconopsis bella, the smallest species of the. genus, was
first met with in two localities on the eastern frontier of
Nepal by a Lepcha collector employed by Sir George King
in July, 1888. Seeds obtained that year were sent to
various alpine gardens in Europe from the Royal Botanic
Garden, Calcutta, but none of the recipients appear to
have succeeded in raising plants. The species was not
met with again for several years ; nor was it rediscovered
_ till a special search was. made in the original localities,
Peykiongla, in Jongri, just within Western Sikkim, and
Nyegu, just across the Nepalese frontier, at from 12,000
to 14,000 ft. above sea-level. Since 1598 repeated at-
tempts have been made to introduce the species to Euro-
pean horticulture. These have at last been successful,
and plants raised from seed collected on the Nepalese
frontier in 1903, and distributed from the Calcutta garden,
flowered in the Royal Botanic Garden, Hdinburgh, in
August, 1906. The figure now given is based on one
of these plants, presented to Kew by Professor Bayley
Balfour.
Aeris Ist, 1907.
The species, so far as is known, is confined to a very
circumscribed area, though it is possible that it may
extend westward from the localities where it has been
found into the forbidden territory of Alpine Nepal. It
has as yet only been met with in the places where it was
originally found; even there it is extremely local, and is
confined to spots where there are vertical cliffs into the
clefts of which its stout rootstocks push horizontally, the
rosette of much-cut Corydalis-like leaves being closely
applied to the face of the rock. The rocks which it affects
are moist, but it is not met with in places that are exposed
to direct rain.
In cultivation at Edinburgh the rosette of leaves las
persisted during the winter months. The contrast between
the golden-yellow anthers and the dark blue filaments is
the most striking feature in the flowers of this species.
Descr.—A perennial, almost glabrous herb; rootstock
stout, fusiform, the neck clothed with leaf-sheaths.
Leaves many, radical, 2-4 in. long, 2-3-jugately pinnati-
sect, with small, ovate-oblong segments, the petiole 1-25
in. long, somewhat sheathing towards the base. Flowers
numerous, on simple 1-flowered scapes 14-3 in. long.
Sepals 2, ovate, $ in. long, glabrous. Petals 4, or casually
5, pale blue, wide ovate, 1% in. long, 14 in. across.
Stamens numerous, several seriate, the filaments slender,
distinct, deep blue. Ovary 5—6-carpelled, usually sparingly —
setose, oblong, + in. Jong; style short but distinct ;
placentas intruded; ovules many. Capsule, when ripe,
somewhat pyriform, ? in. long; seeds small, finely re-
ticulated.—D. Pratn.
Figs. 1 and 2, stamens; 3, pistil:—all enlarged.
L. Reeve &C9 Landon.
Tas. 8131.
CYMBIDIUM eryrarostyiom.
Annan,
ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE,
CrmBio1uM, Swartz; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. . 536.
Cymbidium erythrostylum, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1905, vol. xxxviii. p. 427 ;
1906, vol. xl. p. 286, fig. 115; Orch. Rev. 1906, p. 39; 1 O. Parishii,
Reichb. f., inflorescentiae vaginis angustioribus, sepalis petalisque latiori-
bus, labello latins apice subaequaliter trilobo et columna sanguinea
differt. :
Herba epiphytica, circa 45 cm. alta. Pseudobulbi fasciculati, ovato-oblongi,
compressi, circa 2'5 cm. longi, basi polyphylli, apice monophylli. Folia
arcuata, elongato-linearia, 25-38 em. longa, circa 1°3 cm. lata, basi
vaginata. Scapi axillares, suberecti, 30-40 cm. longi, vaginis lanceolatis
acutis obtecti,4—5-flori. Bracteae lanceolatae, acuminatae, 2-4 cm. longae.
Pedicelli 3-45 cm. longi. Sepala elliptica, apiculata, concava, 45 cm.
longa, 2°5 cm. lata, alba, lateralia paullo carivata. Petala obovato-
elliptica, apiculata, sepalis paullo breviora, alba, basi minute purpureo-
punctata. Labellwm late obovatum, apice trilobam, circa 4 cm. longum
et latum, basi attenuatum; lobi laterales obtuse rotundati; lobus inter-
medius brevis, latus, obtusus, pallide flavus, purpureo-venosus, margine
purpureo-punctatus; diseus quinque-carinatus, venis villosis, medio in
callum tridentatum incrassatus. Colwmna clavata, arcuata, 2°5 cm. longa,
sanguinea.
This graceful and beautiful species is a native of Annam,
and was discovered and sent home by Mr. W. Micholitz,
when collecting there for Messrs. Sander & Sons in 18¥1.
It flowered for the first time in cultivation in the Royal
Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, in November, 1905, when it
was sent to Kew for determination, and the annexed plate
was prepared. About a year later it flowered in several —
other collections, and thus is evidently a winter-blooming
species. Its general habit and few-flowered inflorescence
place it near to the North Indian C. eburneum, Lindl. (Bot.
Mag. t. 5126), and the Burmese 0. Parishii, Reichb. f.,
but it is markedly different in the structure and details
of the lip, while its crimson column is unique in the genus,
and furnished a very appropriate specific name. In its
slender habit it somewhat recalls the allied Cyperorchis
elegans, Blume (Bot. Mag. t. 7007), but the inflorescence
is very different.
Descr.—An erect epiphytic herb, about 1} ft. high.
Aprit Ist, 1907.
Pseudobulbs ovate-oblong, over an inch long, several-
leaved. Leaves arching, elongate-linear, acute, 10-15 in.
long, about $ in. broad, sheathed at the base. Scape
axillary, suberect, arching, 1-14 ft. long, 4~5-flowered,
with several narrowly Janceolate acuminate sheaths below.
Bracts lanceolate, acute, 1-14 in. long. Pedicels 14-12 in.
long. Sepals elliptical, apiculate, concave, 1} in. long,
about 1 in. broad, white, the lateral pair somewhat keeled
behind. Petals obovate-elliptical, apiculate, rather shorter
than the sepals, white, with about three rows of minute
purple dots down the centre of the basal half. ip broadly
obovate, 3-lobed at the apex, as long as the petals, 14 in.
broad at the apex, much narrowed towards the base; side
lobes obtusely rounded; front lobe short, broad and
obtuse ; colour yellowish white, rather deeper towards the —
apex, and lined throughout with red-purple, the lines
breaking up into dots at the margin of the side lobes;
veins more or less thickened, and somewhat villous on the
disk and front lobe ; disk with five slender keels, thickened
about the middle into a prominent 3-lobed crest, the
middle lobe exceeding the lateral pair. Colwmn clavate,
arcuate, an inch long, and wholly crimson in colour.
Pollinia four, more or less confluent into two, and attached
by a short, broad stipes to a hippocrepiform gland.—
R. A. Roire. ee ee, Se
Fig. 1, part of the lip; 2, column; 3 and 4, pollinariam seen from Back
and front; 5, whole plant :—5, much reduced, the rest enlarged.
BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND FOREIGN FLORA.
HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; a Description of the
Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British
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M.S. del JN. Fitch ith, Vincent Brooks,D ay & San Lit imp
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~ EAB Bi a2.
CAESALPINIA vernatis,
China.
Leeuminosaz, Tribe CazksaLPINIEAE.
Carsaurinia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 565.
Caesalpinia vernalis, Champ. ex Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. 1852, vol. iv.
p. 77; Benth., Fl. Hongk. p. 97; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xxiii.
p. 206; affinis C. Nugae, Ait., a qua foliolis minoribus ovatis et racemis
ferrugineo-tomentosis differt.
Frutex alte scandens, caule sparse aculeato, cortice longitudinaliter desqua-
mante. Ramuli et foliorum rhaches jnvenes brunneo-tomentelli, inno-
vationibns ferrugineo-tomentosis. Rhachis folii subtus valde aculeata ;
pinnae 9-12-jugae, breviter petiolatae, rhachiola inter foliola aculeolata ;
foliola 4-8-juga, breviter petiolulata, ovata, acuta, interdum leviter
acuminata, 1°5-2°5 cm. longa, 0°5-1 cm. lata, supra nitidula, glabra,
subtus pallida nervo medio puberulo. Racemi in axillis superioribus
orti, cire. 15 em. longi, rhachi ferrugineo-tomentosa. -Alabastra nutantia.
Sepala obovato-oblonga, convexa, ciliata, anticnm quam cetera majus,
extra longiuscule ferrugineo-pubescens, vix 1 cm. longum. Petala
ovata, lateralia et antica vix 1°5 cm. longa ungue incluso, posticum quam
cetera minus, reflexum vel revolutum, coccineo-maculatum. Stamina
declinata, filamentis inferne villosis, antheris uni- vel biapiculatis.
Ovarium breviter stipitatum, pubescens, biovulatum, stylo crasso,
Legumen oblique eiliptico-oblongum, 5 cm. longum, 3°5 cm. latum.
Caesalpinia vernalis attaches itself to the trees on which
it climbs by means of the numerous backwardly-directed
prickles on the under surface of the leaf-rhachis. It has
hitherto been recorded only from Hongkong, but may
.
possibly yet be found on- the mainland; according to
Mr. W. J. Tutcher, Assistant Superintendent, Botanic
Garden, Hongkong, of the 159 species recorded as endemic
_ for Hongkong by Bentham, only about 5V remain peculiar
to the island, the remainder having since been discovered
in other parts of China. Numerous additional species
have been discovered in Hongkong since the publication
of the “‘ Flora Hongkongensis,” and the endemic element
is now estimated by Tutcher (Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot.,
vol. xxvii. p. 59) at about 100.
Seeds of C. vernalis were received at Kew in 1883 from
the Botanic Gardens, Hongkong, but the species did not
flower until May, 1906, when it was figured for this
Magazine. The Kew plant is trained against one of the
pillars in the Temperate House, where it has made
May Ist, 1907.
vigorous growth. The rusty tomentum on the younger
parts gives the plant a very characteristic appearance ;
and the flowers, which are lemon-yellow with a scarlet
blotch, have a singularly pleasing effect.
Descr.—A tall, climbing, prickly shrub, the younger
shoots with a rusty-brown coating of hairs. Leaves bipin-
nate, with 9-12 pairs of pinnules; rhachis armed on the
lower surface with numerous recurved prickles; leaflets
4-8 pairs on each pinnule, ovate, acute, 3-1 in. long,
1-4 in. broad, slightly shining and quite glabrous on the
upper surface, dull and much paler on the lower; midrib
puberulous on the lower surface. Itacemes about 6 in. ©
long, borne in the upper axils; rhachis rusty-tomentose.
Sepals obovate-oblong, ciliate, the lowermost one larger
than the others, and rusty-pubescent on the back. Petals
ovate, lemon-yellow, the uppermost one smaller than the
others, reflexed or revolute, and marked with a scarlet
blotch. Stamens declinate ; filaments villous in their lower
half. Ovary shortly stipitate, pubescent, two-ovuled ;
style stout. Pod obliquely elliptic-oblong.—T. A.
SPRAGUE,
Fig. 1, flower with lateral and anticous petals removed; 2 and 3, anthers;
4, pistil :—all enlarged.
61353
V ape entB
ay, Day &Son Ltt imp
del. J.N-Fitch ith.
8.
M.
L.Reeve & C® Landon.
Tab. Bisse. 2
x ODONTIODA nHxatonensts.
Garden Hybrid.
Orcnipaceak. Tribe VANDEAE.
Opontiopa, genus inter Cochliodam et Odontoglossum hybridum.
Odontioda heatonensis, Gard. Chron. 1906, vol. xxxix. p. 158; Orch. Rev.
itt p- 118; inter Cochliadam sanguineam et Odontoglossum cirrhosum
ybrida,
Herba epiphytica, circa 25-30 cm. alta. Pseudobulbi ovoideo-cblongi, sub-
compressi, apice monophylli, basi 3-4-phylli, 4-5°5 em. longi. Folia
oblonga, subacuta, apice recurva, subcoriacea, 6-15 cm. longa, 2-5 em.
lata. Scapi axillares, erecti, circa 30 cm. longi; racemi laxi, multiflori.
Bracteae ovato-oblongae, acutae, 4-5 mm. longae. Pedicelli 2-25 em.
longi. Flores speciosi, candidi, segmentis apice roseo-suffusis, basi roseo-
maculatis. Sepala oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, 2-2°5 cm. longa.
Petala oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, sepalis paullo breviora et latiora.
fabellum liberum, late unguicalatum ; limbus patens, subtrilobus, ovatus,
apice acuminatus et recurvus, 1°5-2 cm. longus; discus bicristatus, cristis
_ late oblongis compressis et bidentatis. Coluwmna clavata, fere 1 cm.
longa, alis subulatis.
About three years ago a hybrid was raised between
Odontoglossum nobile, Reichb. f., and Cochlioda Noetzliana,
Rolfe, to which the generic name of Odontioda was given,
and the plant was figured in this Magazine (t. 7990).
Since that time three other members of this artificial
genus have appeared, one of which is figured in the
accompanying plate. It was raised by Messrs. Charles-
worth & Co., Heaton, Bradford, from Odontoglossum cir-
rhosum, Lind]. (B. M. t. 6317), and Cochlioda sanguinea,
‘Benth. (Mesospinidium sanguineum, Reichb. f.. B. M.
t. 5627), the former being the seed-bearer, and flowered
for the first time in March, 1906, when it was exhibited
at a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, and
received an Award of Merit. Several seedlings have
flowered, and, as generally happens with hybrids, show a
certain amount of variation in size and colour. One of
the plants has been presented to the Kew collection.
The two other Odontiodae are O. Bohnhoffiae, a hybrid
between Cochlioda vulcanica, Benth. et Hook. f. (Meso-
spinidium vuleanicum, Reichb. f.; B. M. t. 6001), and
Odontoglossum ctrrhosum, Lind., and QO. Bradshawiae,
derived from Cochlioda Noetzliana, Rolfe, and Odcentcglossum
May lst, 1907.
crispum, Lind]. Both were raised by Messrs. Charles-
worth & Co. Other seedlings are in existence, and the
group is likely to extend considerably, as the union of the
smaller-flowered but brilliantly-coloured species of Coch-
lioda with the popular species of Odontoglossum promises
to yield a race of handsome garden Orchids.
Descr.—Plant about a foot high. Bulbs ovoid-oblong,
somewhat compressed, 2—24 in. long, with one leaf at the
apex, and three or four at the base. Leaves oblong, sub-
acute, recurved at the apex, leathery, dark green, 35-6 in.
long, $—-1 in. broad. Scape axillary, erect, slender, 1 ft. or
more high ; raceme loose and many-flowered. Bracts ovate-
oblong, acute, under $ in. long. Pedicels about 1 in. long.
Flowers with a white ground, suffused at the apex of the
segments, and spotted below with rosy purple. Sepals
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, about 1 in. long. Petals
slightly shorter, and broader at the base than the sepals.
Lip free, broadly stalked ; limb spreading, slightly 3-lobed,
ovate, acuminate and recurved at the apex, shorter than the
other segments ; disc with a pair of erect oblong laterally
compressed crests, slightly toothed at the apex. Column
clavate, under 4 in. long, with a pair of erect, subulate
teeth at the apex.—R. A. Ronrr. |
Fig. !, lip and column; 2 and 3, pollinarium :—all enlarged.
8134
M.S.del JNFitghlith. Vincent Brooks Day &Son Litimp
LReeve & C? London.
Tar. 81384.
ALOE cCAMPYLOSIPHON,
as
Tropical Africa.
LintaceaE. Tribe ALOINEAE.
Aoz, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 776; A. Berger in
Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxxvi. p. 42.
Aloe campylosiphon, A. Berger in Notizbl. Kénigl. Rot. Gart. Berl. vol. iv.
p- 151; Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xxxvi. p. 59; A. saponariae, Haw., proxi-
mas, foliis recurvatis lanceolatis differt.
Acaulis. Folia circ. 15, dense rosulata, lanceolata, longe acuminata, re-
curvata, apice subcarinata, circ. 12 cm. longa, basi 6 em. lata, laete
viridia macalis oblongis rotundisve albidis picta, subtus albo-marmorata ;
margines cartilaginei, purpurei, sinuato-dentati; dentes patentes, inter
se 4-8 mm. distantes, purpurei, 2-3 mm. longi. Inflorescentia circ. 30 cm.
alta, ramosa; racemus 10 cm. longus, densiflorus; bracteae 1-2 cm.
longae, lancevlatae, acuminatae, scariosae, 3-5-nerviae; pedicelli erecto-
patentes, per anthesin 1°5 cm. longi. Perianthiwm 3 cm. longum, coralli-
num; tubus circa ovarium globoso-inflatus deinde conspicue constrictus
et manifeste decurvatus; lobi oblongi, subacuti, 1 cm. longi, ad margines
pallidiores, intus lutei. Filamenta perianthio paullo longiora, basi
complanata; antherae lineares, aurantiacae, dorsifixae. Ovariwm
oblongum, profunde trilobatum.
Aloe campylosi¢zhon was discovered by Dr. A. Engler in
Usambara, amongst rocks, on the dry summit of Bomule
Mountain, at an altitude of 3,450 ft., and introduced into
cultivation by him in 1902. He sent a plant to the late
Sir Thomas Hanbury, K.C.V.O., in whose garden at La
Mortola it first flowered in June, 1905, it was from this
plant, at its second flowering in June, 1906, that our figure
was taken. Mr. A. Berger writes: “It somewhat re-
sembles the old A. saponaria, but differs in every way, and
is a very distinct species.”
In habit this species very strongly resembles A. soma-
liensis, C. H. Wright (ex W. Watson in Gard. Chron, 1899,
vol. xxvi. p. 480; Kew Bulletin, 1901, p. 135), but the
perianth of the latter is not constricted above the ovary.
Descr.—Stemless. Leaves about 15 in a dense rosette,
lanceolate, long-acuminate, recurved, slightly keeled at
the apex, about 4% in. long, 23 in. wide at the base, bright
green, and marked with oblong or round whitish spots
above, marbled with white beneath ; margins cartilaginous,
purple, wavy and toothed; teeth standing out at right
May Ist, 1907.
angles to the margin, §-$ in. apart, purple, about ,}, in.
long. Inflorescence about 1 foot high, or slightly more ;
side branches 8 in. long, curved upwards; raceme 4 in.
long, dense; bracts 13" in. long, lanceolate, wil as
scarious, 3—5-nerved; pedicels § 1n. long, becoming 1} i
long in fruit. Perianth a little over 1 in. long, coral-red; sie
inflated around the ovary, then conspicuously constricted
and curved ; lobes oblong, subacute, about 4 in. long, paler
at the margins, yellow “inside. Filaments a little longer
than the perianth, flattened at the base; anthers linear,
dorsifixed, orange. Ovary oblong, deeply three-lobed.—
CO. H. Wricur.
Fig. 1, flower; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, oietil 5, whole plant :—1-—4, enlarged,
5, much reduced.
8135
sees : Vincent Brooks, Day& Son Lttimp
LReeve &c° London,
Tas. 8135,
PRIMULA orsicotaris.
China.
Primvuractag. Tribe PRIMULEAE.
Primuta, L.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631.
Primula (§ Nivales, Paw) orbicularis, Hemsl. in Gard. Chron. 1906,
vol. xxxix. pp. 290 et 403, f. 164; species ex affinitate P. sikkimensis et
P. Stuartit a quibus foliis fere integris, corollae tubo calycem vix
excedente et limbo rotato lobis integerrimis differt.
Folia subcoriacea, oblongo-lanceolata, 5-15 cm. longa, inferiora minora,
obtusa, longitudinaliter recurva, minute dentata, in petiolum late alatum
subvaginantem angustata, primum minute farinosa. Scapus 15-30 cm.
altus, teres, ac flores favo- vel albo-farinosus. Involucri bracteae parvae,
pedicellis breviores, basi incrassatae, connatae. Umbellae usque ad
20-florae, densae, 7-8 cm. diametro, pedicellis brevitus. Flores 2°0-3 cm.
diametro, lutei,fragrantes. Calyx crassus, campanulatus, circiter 15 em.
longus, intus extraque farinosus. Corollae hypocraterimorphae tubus
puberulus, calycem vix excedens, prope apicem et infra medium ad
staminum insertionem constrictus, fauce angusta, crenulata; limbus per
totam superficiem yuberulus, orbicularis, rotatus, planus, lobis fere orbi-
cularibus leviter imbricatis integerrimis margine ciliolatis. Stamina ad
tubi constrictionem infra medium affixa, filamentis brevissimis, antheris
circiter 2 mm. longis. Stylus inclusus, stamina superans. Capsula
mihi ignota.
Among the numerous new species of Primula from
Western China P. orbicularis promises well, but it is too
early to predict its future under cultivation. This species
was raised by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons from seed
brought home by Mr. E. H. Wilson, and it flowered for the
first time last May. Mr. Wilson did not collect flower-
ing specimens, but he was almost satisfied that his dried
specimens in seed, numbered 3003,, represent the same
species. He may be right, though they present differences
which lead to a doubt as to the identification. In the first
place they are more robust than the cultivated plants that
I have seen. The leaves are 6 to 8 in. long, and have
a distinct petiole, nearly as long as the blade, and the
stout scape is 15 in. high, and bears two distinct tiers of
seed-vessels. The pretty flowers of P. orbicularis are
agreeably fragrant. The name is given in reference to
the outline of the limb of the corolla, as well as of the
separate lobes of the same.
Descr.—A more or less mealy perennial. Leaves thick,
May Ist, 1907.
leathery or somewhat fleshy, oblong-lanceolate, 2-8 in.
long, obtuse, margins recurved, minutely toothed or entire,
narrowed downwards into a sheathing petiole. Scape 6 in.
to a foot high, terete. Bracts of the involucre small,
shorter than the pedicels, thickened and connate at the
base. Umbels dense, 10—20-flowered, 24-3 in. in diameter ;
pedicels short. Flowers 1-14 in. in diameter, ciear
yellow, agreeably fragrant, Calye thick, campanulate.
Corolla salver-shaped, puberulous; tube scarcely longer
than the calyx, constricted near the top and below the
middle, where the stamens are attached; mouth narrow,
crenulated ; limb orbicular, rotate, flat, with almost orbi-
cular, slightly overlapping, entire, minutely ciliated lobes. —
Stamens attached below the middle of the corolla-tube;
filaments very short. Style included, but overtopping the
stamens. Capsule not seen.—W. Borrinc Hemstry.
Fig. 1, part of calyx and pistil; 2, part of corolla laid open and three of the
stamens :—both enlarged.
8136
Vincent Brooks, Day& San Lt#imp
MS. del, JM. Fitch kth
L Reeve & C°London.
Tas. 8136.
HOODIA Corrort.
7 Angola.
‘ ASCLEPIADACEAE. Tribe STAPELIEFAE.
Hoopia, Sweet; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p, 783.
Hoodia Currori, Decne in DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 665; Hooker, Niger Fl.
p. 458; Dyer in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xv. p. 251, t. 5, f. 2; N. HB. Br. in
Hook, Ic. Pl. vol. xx. sub t. 1905, p. 3; K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl
Pflanzenfam. vol. iv. pt. ii. p. 275; N. H. Br. in Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. iv.
pt.i. p. 491; Gard. Chron. 1906, vol. xl. p. 62, f. 27; affinis H. Gordoni,
sed corolla majore intra pilosa facile distinguitur.
Planta succulenta 45-60 cm. alta, basi ramosa, glauco-virens. Rami erecti,
4°5-6°5 cm. crassi, multiangulati, glabri; angulis spinoso-tuberculatis.
Flores magni, prope apicem ramorum enati. Pedicelli 18-2 em. longi.
Sepala 6-8 mm. longa, e basi ovata subulato-attenuata. Corolla 9-12°5
cm, diam., patelliformis, vix lobata, 5-cuspidata, purpureo-rubra disco
radiato-ochracea, intra purpureo-pilosa; tubus 6 mm. longus, 8 mm.
diam., circa orem leviter 5-tuberculatus. Corona exterior cupularis,
5-sulcata, 10-dentata, glabra, purpureo-brunnea, dentibus deltoideis
obtusis, 1 mm. longis. Coronae interioris lobi fere 1 mm. longi, oblongo-
lineari, obtusi, antheris incumbentes, basi partitionibus cum corona
exteriore connexi, purpureo-brunnei.—Scytanthus Currori, Hook. Ic. Pl.
vol. vii. tt. 605-606; S. Burkei, Hook. Ic. Pi. vol. vii. sub ‘t. 625.
Adenium namaquarium, Henslow in The Gardener, 1901, p. 1194, f. 16.
This is the third out of the six described species of
this remarkable genus that has flowered at Kew and
been figured in the Botanical Magazine, the other two
being H. Gordoni (t. 6228), and H. Bainit (t. 6348),
whilst, so far as is known to me, no other specimens
are recorded as having flowered in any part of the
world outside their native country. In its stems H.
Currori differs very little from H. Gordoni and some of
the other species, but its flowers are larger than those of
any other, and more hairy on the inner surface ; they are
also more richly coloured than in the other two species
which have flowered at Kew. ‘The specimen here figured
was sent to Kew, in 19U5, from Angola, by Mr. J. Goss-
weiler, Curator of the Botanic Garden at Loanda. At
first it was subjected to dry treatment, but as this failed
to induce active growth, it was placed in a moist stove,
where it throve and flowered in June, 1906, the flowers
lasting for about fifteen days.
May Ist, 1907.
t
Descr.—A bushy, succulent perennial, 2-25 ft. high.
Stems 13-21 in. thick, cylindric, with thirteen or more
angles formed of contiguous spine-tipped tubercles,
glabrous, pale glaucous-green. lowers arising in the
grooves near the top of the stems, two to four (or more ?)
together, successively developed. Pedicels } in. long, } in.
thick, glabrous, purple-tinted. Sepals 4-4 in. long, subu-
late-attenuate from an ovate base, glabrous. Corolla 34-5
in, in diameter, saucer-shaped, obscurely lobed, with five
subulate cusps, purplish-red, with ochreous-tinted rays on
the central part, glabrous on the back, covered with erect
purple hairs all over the inner face; the tube (enclosing
the corona) very small, about 4 in. long, 4 in. in diameter
outside, raised around the mouth into five dull red or
sienna-red tubercles, and the orifice thickly roofed over
with intermingling hairs, so that only very minute insects
can enter. Outer corona exceeding the style-apex by half
its length, resembling a five-grooved cup, with five pairs of
deltoid, obtuse teeth nearly 4 line long, glabrous, dark
purple-brown, shining. Inner coronal-lobes nearly 4 line
long, oblong-linear, obtuse, closely incumbent on the
anthers and not produced beyond them, dorsally connected
brown, shining.—N. E. Brown.
by partitions with the outer corona, glabrous, dark purple-
Fig. 1, flower with the corolla removed, showing the corona; 2, mot
the corolla-tube ; 3, pollen-masses:—all enlarged.
_
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iietettistasp:
mater ies
M.S.del JN.Fitch ith. Vincert, Brooks Day & SonLeimp.
LReeve & C9 Landon.
Tas. 8137.
RHODODENDRON Detavart.
China,
Ericackeak, Tribe Ruoporgar.
RwopopennRon, Linn.; Benth: et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p, 599.
Rhododendron Delavayi, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1886, vol.
xxxili. p. 231; W. W. in Gard. Chron. 1904, vol. xxxv. p. 262; R. arboreo
arcte affine et hujus speciei forsan varietas tantum calyce majore hirsuta
et corolla intus maculis nigris corollae lobis isomeris ornata.
“ Arbor ‘vel frutex paucipedalis], Folia coriacea, oblongo-lanceolata, superne
glabra, viridi-glaucescentia, subtus tomento rufidulo brevissimo obsita,
nervis subinconspicuis. Flores 15-30, dense congesti, intense rubri.
Calyx pubescens, parvus, dentibus deltoideis. Corolla vix ultra pollicaris
e basi aperta campanulata, lobis 5 rotundatis. Stamina 10, filamentis
_ glabris. Ovariwm dense sericeo-villosum, stylo etiam basi glaberrimo.”
Franchet, loc. sup. cit. ;
_ Franchet’s description is unaccompanied by any com-
parison with other species, but, as Mr. Watson remarks,
R. Delavayi is the same in all essential characters as
R. arboreum, and the latter, as circumscribed in the
‘Flora of British India,” includes forms differing more
from each other than the plant here figured does from
Smith’s original figure in ‘‘ Exotic Botany,” voi. i, t. 6,
of R. arboreum. Still, as a cultivated plant, it deserves a
distinctive name, and as it has one it is retained here.
R. Delavayi, which is distinguished by the intense red of
its flowers with black blotches on the inside, has been in
cultivation in Europe hearly twenty years, and at Kew
previous to 1894, where, however, it has never flowered.
The drawing for the accompanying plate was made from a
specimen received, through Mr. Moore, of Glasnevin, from
Mr. Thos. Acton, Kilmacurragh, Wicklow, where it first
flowered in 1904, A plant was sent from Kew to Mr.
Acton in 1894, and it is now a large bush, producing its
very showy flowers in profusion. Kew possesses dried
specimens from Tsangshan, Yunnan, from an elevation of
upwards of 8,000 ft., collected by the Abbe Delavay ;
from Mengtze, at 6,200 ft., collected by Mr. W. Hancock,
and from the same region, collected by Dr, A, Henry at
elevations of 6,000 to 8,000 ft. It grows in woods and in
JUNE Ist, 1907,
open, exposed situations and forms a bush 6-10 ft. high. _
Some particulars of the genus Rhododendron are given ~
under FR. Fordii, Hemsl. (B.M. t. 8111), especially in —
relation to the Chinese species. eee
Descr.—A bush, or small tree, with thick flowering- —
branches, at first clothed with a red-brown tomentum ;
bark of the same colour. Leaves crowded at the tips o
the branches, distinctly stalked, very thick and
oblong or lanceolate, 3-6 in. long, subacute or roun
both ends, glabrous and shining above, clothed
very short, pale brown, felt-like indumentum bek
rib and main lateral veins impressed above,
below; ultimate veinlets obscure; stalks 4-1 in, lo
Scales of the inflorescence thick, rounded, apiculate,
first clothed with red-brown, silky hairs. Flowers crimson,
in dense stalkless clusters close on to the leaves, 14-13 in.
diameter. Stamens and style included. Capsule cylin-
drical, # in. long, clothed with a red-brown tomentum,—
W. Bortine Hemsrey.
Figs. 1 and 2, scales of the inflorescence ; 3, caly x and pistil; 4. and 5, stamens,
6, cross section of ovary :—all enlarged. :
S138
MS. deL.IN Fitch ith. Vincent Brooks Day&Son Lt#imp
LReeve &C° London.
Tar. 81388.
TAM ARIX PENTANDRA.
South-eastern Europe and Orient.
Tamaricaceak. Tribe TAMARICEAE.
Tamarix, L.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 160.
Tamarix pentandra, Pall. Flor. Ross. vol. ii. p. 72, tab. 79, figs. A-D. (excl.
synonymis et varietate); a 7’. gallica, L., quacum olim confusa, petalis
persistentibus conniventibus et filamentis inter lobos disci ortis basi
haud latioribus distincta.
Frutex vel arbor ramosissimus ; rami cortice pleramque purpurascente tecti,
graciles, ramulos tenues longiores laxe foliatos et ex iis alios breviores
densissime foliatos emittentes. Folia ramorum longiorum lanceolata
vel ovato-lanceolata, acuta, basi breviter decurrentia, 2, rarius 3 mm.
longa, ramulorum breviorum squamiformia, imbricata, ovata, 0°5—-0°65 mm.
longa, appressa, glauco-viridia. Racem# graciles, densiusculi, 25-5 cm.
longi, e ramis hornotinis orti, in paniculas amplas terminales dispositi,
alii inter ramos steriles additi; bracteae ovatae, acuminatae vel acutae,
pedicellos: subaequantes vel paulo superantes; pedicelli longiores vix
1mm. longi. Sepala 5, late ovata, acuta, ad margines late albo-hyalina,
0°5-0°6 mm. longa. Petala 5, late elliptico-oblonga, obtusissima, cam-
panulatim conniventia, persistentia, 1°5-1'75 mm. longa. Discus 5-lobus,
lobis emarginatis, sinubus extra ad medium decurrentibus intra multo
minus profundis, ideoque discus ex interno visus aequaliter leviter 10-
crenatus. Stamina 5; filamenta sinubus extra inserta, 2 mm. paulo
excedentia, e basi aequaliter filiformia; antherae minute apiculatae,
05mm.longae. Ovariwm sublageniforme, sub anthesi vix 2mm. longum;
styli 3, plerumque oblique patuli, brevissimi, apice incurvi, stigmatibus
obovatis conniventibus; ovula circiter 30. Capsula 4 mm. longa, valvis
basi fere 1°5 mm. latis. TJ. Pallasii, Desv. in Ann. Se. Nat. sér. I.
vol. iv. (1825), p. 349; DC. Prodr. vol..iii. p. 96; Bunge, Tent. Gen.
Tamar. p. 49; Boiss. Fl. Or. vol. i. p. 773 (in parte) ; Gard. Chron. ser. ITI.
vol. xxxviil. p. 229.
This is one of the most decorative Tamarisks in cultiva-
tion, flowering in great profusion in July and August. In
the wild state it ranges from the Balkan Peninsula through
Southern Russia to Turkestan, and from Asia Minor to
Persia, adorning the banks of rivers, particularly in their
lower reaches and estuaries. Like other species of that
genus it thrives well in saline soil; but itis by no means
dependent on a more than ordinary amount of salts in the
ground. The flowers are usually rose-coloured; some-
times, however, also white, or nearly so. Bunge described
no fewer than eight varieties of 7’. Pallasi in his mono-
graph, and Boissier added one more. Most of them are
based on slight, and possibly inconstant, modifications of
the inflorescences, whilst one or two represent evidently
June Ist, 1907.
distinct species. The genus requires careful revision,
and until this is accomplished it is impossible to define
accurately the limits and the area of the species. ‘There is
no doubt that our plant is the common South Russian
form, the “arbor vulgaris” which Pallas described so
well as the type of his 7’. pentandra. The reason why
Desvaux dropped Pallas’s name was probably that author’s
faulty synonymy, and the inclusion as a variety of another
form which he rightly considered a distinct species.
Desvaux’s own description of “ 7’. Pallasii”’ is practically
useless, and to show how little he grasped the characters
of Pallas’s plants, it may be mentioned that the specimen
which he wrote up as ‘ 7'. Pallasii” in the Paris Her-
barium (Herb. Jussieu) is 7’. lava, Willd., a totally distinct
species. The variety referred to above as described by
Pallas is identical with 7. hispida, Willd., a singular form
with very glaucous, minutely hirsute branchlets. It was
under this name that the Kew specimens of 1’. pentandra
were purchased from a Belgian nurseryman. The true
_'. hispida is a native of the deserts between the Caspian
and Turkestan.
Deserv.—A. shrub, or small tree, with slender, usually
purple branches ; this year’s branchlets, either long shoots
or short shoots. eaves of the long shoots distant, lan-
ceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly decurrent at the
base, j,-+ in. long; those of the short shoots imbricate,
ovate, 73-3, in. long, appressed, glaucous or pale green.
Racemes slender, rather dense, 1—2 in. long, from the new
wood, arranged in large, terminal panicles; bracts ovate,
acuminate, or acute, as long as, or slightly longer than the
pedicels; pedicels up to almost ;4 in. long. Sepals 9,
broad-ovate, acute, 7;—j5 in. long, margins broad, hyaline,
white. Petals 5, broadly elliptic-oblong, very obtuse,
conniving, persistent, ;4—-j, in. long. Discus 5-lobed,
lobes emarginate. Stamens 5; filaments filiform from the
base, inserted on the outer side of the disc between the
lobes ; anthers minntely apiculate. Ovary almost lageni-
form, ;y in. long; styles 3, very short, with obovate,
conniving stigmas. Capsule 4 in. long.—Orto Starr.
Fig. 1, foliage; 2, flowers; 3, flower with sepals and petals removed;
4, section of ovary ; 5, ovule :—all enlarged.
Vincent Brooks Day&SonLt*imp
LReeve &©° London.
MS.del JNFitch lith
Tas. 8139.
EUPATORIUM cnanputosum.
Mexico.
CompositaAE. Tribe EuPATORIACEAE.
Evratorium, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 245.
Eupatorium glandulosum,/H.B.K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1820, vol. iv. ps 122,
t. 346; Bot. Reg. 1835, vol. xx. t. 1723; Pawt. Bot. Dict. ed. 1, 1840,
p- 128; non Michx.; inter species hortenses foliis rhombeo-ovatis vel
triangularibus grosse crenato-serratis distincta.
Suffrutex 1-2 m. altus, dense trichotomo-ramosus, ramis graciliusculis glandu-
loso-pubescentibus, floriferis elongatis subnudis. Folia opposita, tenuia,
papyracea, longe graciliterque petiolata, rhombeo-ovata vel fere trian-
gularia, in cultis cum petiolo usque ad 20 em. longa, superne gradatim
minora, acuminata, acuta, subtrinervia, grosse serrato-crenata, supra
glabra vel cito glabrescentia, subtus praesertim secus costam venasque
viscoso-pubescentia. Corymbi compositi, ternati et subternatim ramosi,
polycephali, densi, pedunculis gracillimis. Capitula circiter 1 cm.
diametro, saltem usque ad 80-flora. Involucri bracteae circiter 20, bi-
seriatae, inaequales, lanceolatae, acutae, quam flores paulo breviores,
distincte bicostatae, margine scariosae. lores albi,fragrantes. Corollae
tubus 4-5 mm. longus, gracillimus, prope apicem subito ampliatus, lobis
angustis recurvis. Styli rami elongati, longe exserti, divergentes.
Achaenia 1°5-2 mm. longa, nigra, glabra, 4-angularia, estriata, leviter
curvata. Pappi setae circiter 10-12, pubescentes, albae, corollae tubum
aequantes.—H. adenophorum, Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1826, vol. iii. p. 420;
DC. Prodr. vol. v. p. 164; Lowe, Man. FI. Madeira, i. p. 435, H. trapezoi-
deum, Kunth, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. Anno, 1847, coll. p. 13; Rolfe in
Gard. Chron. 1906, vol. xxxix. p. 274. EH. Wendlandii, Hort.
Eupatorium glandulosum, one of the best of the white-
flowered, greenhouse species, was introduced, according to
Paxton, in 1826, and it was figured in the ‘“‘ Botanical
Register” (t. 1723) in 1835. It is there recorded that
the Horticultural Society received seeds from Mexico some
years previously through a Mr. Canning. Subsequently,
“scarcely before 1840,” it was introduced into Madeira
and the Canaries, where it is now excessively common.
It is a valuable winter plant for the conservatory or
greenhouse where there is plenty of space. The drawing
was made from a plant that flowered at Kew in March,
1906. In its native country it grows in humid situations
at altitudes of 5,000—8,000 ft.
In spite of discrepancies in the description, I think there
is no doubt that H. trapezoidewm, Kunth, belongs here.
Descr.—A much-branched shrub, rising sometimes under
JUNE lst, 1907.
cultivation to a height of 6-8 ft. Branches and panicles
trichotomous, densely beset with viscous glands. Leaves
opposite, thin, borne on long stalks, more or less triangular,
with the stalks as much as 9 in. long, gradually smaller
upwards to the inflorescence, acuminate, acute, coarsely
serrate-crenate, glabrescent above, hairy and viscous, chiefly
along the veins, beneath. Flower-heads numerous, corym-
bose, in ternately branched panicles, white, fragrant, about
x in. across. Bracts of the involucre about 20, in two
series, lanceolate, acute, a little shorter than the flowers,
prominently 2-ribbed, scarious or thin at the margin.
Style-branches much exserted, divergent. Achenes about
v2 in. long, black, glabrous, quadrangular. Pappus of
about 10 or 12, slightly plumose bristles, as long as the
corolla-tube.—W. Borrinac Hemstey.
Fig. 1, a head of flowers; 2, a flower; 3,a bristle of the pappus; 4, anthers ;
5, style-branches :—all enlarged.
—"
8140
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GENTIANA onnata.
Alpine Central and Eastern Himalaya.
GENTIANACEAE. Tribe SWERTIEAE.
Gentian, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 815.
Gentiana ornata, Wall. Cat. 4386; Griseb. Gentian. p. 277; DC. Prodr. vol.
ix. p. 110; Hook. Fl. Brit. India, vol. iv. p. 116; Act. Hort. Petrop.
vol. xy. p. 268; affinis G. ternifoliae, Franch., a qua ramis brevioribus
et floribus minoribus differt.
Herba 13-15 cm. alta. Caules e radice plures, glabri. Folia linearia vel
inferiora fere ovata, peracuta, 1-2 cm. longa, 1°5-3 mm. lata, basi in
tubum brevem connata, Flores solitarii, terminales. Calycis tubus mem-
branaceus, 1 cm. longus, glaber; lobi 5, lineares, acuti, circiter 1 cm.
longi, 1-2 mm. lati, sinnbus 0°5 mm. latis. Corolla caerulea, infundibuli-
formis, striata, circiter 4°5 cm. longa, fauce 7 mm. diametro ; lobi deltoidei,
acuti, 8 mm. longi, 4 mm. lati, plicis deltoideis subacutis. Stamina
inclusa, circa medium tubi inserta; filamenta deorsum leviter dilatata,
1 cm. longa ; antherae 3 mm. longae. Ovariwm glabrum, 1°5 cm. longum,
stipitatum ; stylus brevis. Capsula vix 15 cm. longa demum e corolla
multo exsertus.—Pneumonanthe ornata, Don, Gen. Syst. vol. iv. p. 194.
The plant previously figured at t. 6514 of this Magazine
under the name of G.ornata is evidently not the true species,
as has been pointed out in the ‘‘ Gardener’s Chronicle,”
1906, vol. xl. p. 182. It differs from G. ornata in having
the throat of the corolla much more contracted, and in
having broader leaves. Unfortunately no dried material
of the specimen figured was preserved, and it has not been
identified, but it comes near G. nipponica, Maxim, The
plant here figured was presented to Kew in 1905 by Mr.
Max Leichtlin of Baden-Baden. It flowered freely in a
frame in August of last year, but will probably prove to
be quite hardy.
This species was first discovered by Wallich’s collectors
in the Central Himalaya, at an altitude of 11-15,000 ft.
It has since been found in the Tsangpo Valley, north of
Sikkim, and was recently discovered about ten miles to the
north of Lhasa, by Capt. H. J. Walton during the Thibet
Expedition.
Several varieties of this plant have been described.
One of the most distinct is G. ornata, var. obtusifolia,
Franch., with broader obtuse leaves, and a somewhat
longer corolla than in the type; it is found in the country
between Batang and Tachienlu in Western China. :
JUNE lst, 1907.
Descr.—A herb about: 6 in. high. Stems many from the
root, glabrous. Leaves linear, or the lower almost ovate,
very acute, $—} in. long, about ,4, in. broad, connate at
the base into a short tube. Flowers solitary and terminal.
Calyz-tube membranous, $ in. long, glabrous, with 5 linear
acute lobes about 3 in. long. Corolla blue, funnel-shaped,
striate, about 1} in. long and + in. in diameter at the
throat; lobes deltoid, acute, $ in. long, 4 in. broad, with
subacute, deltoid folds between. Stamens included, in-
serted about the middle of the tube; filaments slightly
dilated downwards. Ovary glabrous, with a stalk about 4
in. long; style short. Capsule about $ in. long, at length
much exserted from the corolla.—J. Huroninson.
Fig. 1, section of calyx with pistil ; 2 section of corolla; 3 and 4, anthers :—
all enlarged,
8141
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DENDROBIUM Asuaworratar. —
' New Guinea.
OrcHIpsacBAk. Tribe EPIDENDREAE.
Denprosium, Swartz ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 498.
Dendrobium Ashworthiae, O’Brien in Gard.Chron. 1901, vol. xxix. p. 86,
fig. 36; a D. atroviolaceo, Rolfe, floribus majoribus, pedicellis apice
villosis, segmentis immaculatis et labelli callo suberecto differt.
Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi 11-25 cm, longi, basi angusti, vaginis sub-
imbricatis obtecti, sapra medium clavati, subcompressi, sulcati, 25-3 em.
lati, diphylli. Folia ovato-oblonga, subobtusa, coriacea, 9-11 em. longa,
5-6 cm. lata. Racemi terminales, erecti, 10-15 cm. longi, basi vaginis
tubuloso-spathaceis obtecti, 4-5-flori. Bracteae ovatae, subacutae, con-
cavae, 1°5-2 cm. longae. Pedicelli graciles, 4-5 em. longi, basi laeves,
apice villosi, pilis retrorsis. Flores straminei, labelli basi purpnreo-
striati. Sepala patentia, circa 3 cm. longa; posticum elliptico-lanceolataum,
acuminatum ; lateralia oblique triangularia, acuminata, basi circa 8 mm.
lata. Petala late unguiculata, obovata, apiculata, circa 3 cm. longa,
15-2 cm. lata. Labellwm circa 2 cm. longum, trilobum ; lobi laterales
erecti, latissime oblongi, obtusi, circa 1 cm. longi; lobus intermedius
latissime subcordato-ovatus, apiculatus, circa 1 em. longus; callus sub-
erectus, oblongus, apice obscure tridentatus, 4 min. longus. Columna
latissima, circa 4 mm. longa,
The present species was introduced by Messrs. Sander
& Sons, St. Albans, through their collector, Mr. W.
Micholitz, about seven years ago, and it flowered in the
collection of Mr. Elijah Ashworth, Harefield Hall, Wilms-
low, in January, 1901, when it received a First-class
Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society. It is
said to have been imported with D. atroviolaceum, D.
Johnsoniae, D. spectabile, and D. Madonnae ; this probably
fixes its habitat as New Guinea. The plant subsequently
died, but there is another in the collection of Sir Trevor
Lawrence, Bart., at Burford, which is believed to be the
only surviving one in Europe, and this was kindly lent by
Sir Trevor in April of last year, in order that it might be
drawn for the Botanical Magazine. It belongs to a section
of the genus of which five others have been figured in this
work, namely, D. macrophyllum, A. Rich., var, Veitchia-
num, Hook. f. (t. 5649), D. atroviolaceum, Rolfe (t. 7371),
D, Hodgkinson, Rolfe (t. 7724), D. spectabile, Maiq.
(t. 7747), and D. Madonnae, Rolfe (t. 7900). They belong
to the section Dendrocoryne, originally established by
JuNE Ist, 1907.
Lindley to contain the species having a clavate pseudobulb
bearing leaves only at the apex, and a terminal or lateral
inflorescence. The section was not recognized by Bentham
and Hooker, but after excluding two or three species now ©
known to belong elsewhere it forms a well-characterized
section of Dendrobium. The genus is remarkably poly-
morphic, and is now estimated to contain at least five
hundred species, these being distributed from Japan,
China, and Northern India to New Zealand.
Descr.—Au epiphytic herb about a foot high. Pseudo-
bulbs 4-10 in. long, narrow at the base, with several
somewhat imbricating sheaths, clavate above, somewhat
compressed and sulcate, about 1 in. broad, 2-leaved at the
apex. Leaves ovate-oblong, subobtuse, coriaceous, 34-44
in. long, about 2 in. broad. Jacemes terminal, erect, 4—6
in. long, with two or three tubular-spathaceous sheaths at
the base, 4-5-flowered. Bracts ovate, subacute, somewhat
concave, over $ in. long. Pedicels 14-2 in. long, smooth
and slender at the base, upper part and ovary densely
villous with reflexed hairs. lowers cream-white, with a
few purple streaks at the base of the lip. Sepals spreading,
about J+ in. long; the dorsal one elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate ; the lateral pair obliquely triangular, acuminate,
over + in. broad at the base. Petals broadly clawed, obo-
vate, apiculate, about as long as the sepals, $ in. broad.
Lip % in. long, three-lobed ; side lobes erect, very broadly
oblong, obtuse, over 4 in. long; front lobe very broadly —
subcordate-ovate, apiculate, over 4 in. long; callus sub-
erect, oblong, obscurely 3-dentate at the apex, % in. long. |
Column very broad, % in. long.—R. A. Rote.
Fig. 1, hairs from ovary; 2, bese of lip; 3, column; 4, pollinia; 5, whole |
plant :—1-1, all enlarged, 5, much reduced.
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8742
MS.del INFixch lth.
Vincent Brooks Day &SanTitthnp
L.Reeve & C? Lond
oo!
a Tar. 8142.
ODONTOGLOSSUM Leranvm.
Colombia.
; OrcHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.
OpontoGiossum, H.B. et K.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 561.
Odontoglossum Leeanum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1882, vol. xvii. p. 525 5
1883, vol. xix. p. 694; 1902, vol. xxxi. p. 50 (var. Crawshayanum); Will.
Orch. Alb. vol. iti. t. 101; Journ. Hort. 1901, vol. xliii. p. 193, cum ie. ;
Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1898, pp. 172,174; hybrida naturalis, probabiliter
inter O. glorioswm, Lind. et Reichb. f., et O. triwmphans, Reichb. f.,
producta. ;
Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi fasciculati, ovoideo-oblongi, subcompressi,
4-5 em. longi, 2°5-3°5 cm. lati, basi et apice diphylli. Folia coriacea,
lineari-oblonga, subacuta, 15-20 em. longa, 1°5-2°3 cm. lata. Scapi
axillares, suberecti, 30-45 cm. longi, racemosi vel laxe paniculati, multi-
flori. Bracteae ovato-oblongae, acutae, concavae, 8-10 mm. longae.
Pedicelli 2-25 em. longi. Flores speciosi, lutei, brunneo-maculati.
Sepala et petala subaeqnalia, patentia, lanceolata, acuminata, circa 4 cm.
longa. Labellum unguiculatum; unguis erectus, circa 8 mm. longus;
limbus patens, deltoideo-triangularis, acuminatus, undulatus, cirea 2°5
cm. longus, basi 1°3 cm. latus; discus puberulus, bicallosus, callis lamel-
latis. Colwmna clavata, arcuata, 1°8 cm. longa; alae oblongae, falcatae,
apice acuminatae, circa 4 mm. Jongae.—O. odoratum var. Leeanum,
Veitch, Man. Orch. vol. i. p. 56. O. lanceans var. Leeanum, Reichb. f. in
Sander, Reichenbachia, ser. 1, vol. i. p. 82.
This striking Odontoglossum appeared quite unexpectedly
as a single plant in Messrs. James Veitch & Sons’ Nur-
sery at Chelsea, in 1882, and was described by Reichen-
bach as a doubtful natural hybrid, the author remarking
that it was distinguishable from O, deltoglossum, Reichb. f.,
by its far longer and narrower lip and bright yellow
ground colour. No. clue was given as to the habitat or as
to the species along with which it was imported, and the
point is still veiled in obscurity. In 1887 Messrs. Veitch
reduced it to a variety of O. odoratum, Lindl., though re-
marking that it was of supposed hybrid origin, while soon
afterwards Reichenbach made it a variety of his O. lanceans,
a name which he proposed to include the large and poly-
morphic series of natural hybrids believed to have arisen
from the intererossing of O. erispum and O. gloriosum.
Here it remained for a considerable period, quite anoma-
lous in its deep yellow ground colour. In 1902 a second
plant appeared, also unexpectedly, in the establishment of
JuLy ‘ist, 1907.
Messrs. T. Rochford & Co., Broxbourne, and is now in the
collection of Mr. De Barri Crawshay; Rosefield, Seven-
oaks. It chiefly differs from the original in having fewer
and rather larger spots on the sepals and petals. The
plant is now recognized as a natural hybrid between
O. glorioswm and O. triumphans, which are known to grow
together, and whose characters are clearly combined in it.
A flower of each parent is added to the plate, for com-
parison. A large number of natural hybrid Odontoglos-
sums are now known, and they invariably appear
unexpectedly among importations of the parent species,
several of which grow intermixed in a wild state.
The figure was prepared from an inflorescence kindly
sent by Baron Schréder, The Dell, Egham, in April, 1906,
the rest of the plant being taken from the ‘Orchid
Album.”
Deser.—An epiphytic herb. Pseudobulbs fascicled, sub-
compressed, 14-2 in. long, 1-13 in. broad, 2-leaved at
apex and base. Leaves coriaceous, linear-oblong, sub-
acute, 6-8 in. long, about } in. broad. Scapes axillary,
suberect, 1-1} ft. high, racemose, or loosely panicled,
many-flowered. Bracts ovate-oblong, acute, concave, over
tin. long. Pedicels nearly 1 in. long. Flowers showy,
bright yellow, blotched with brown. Sepals and petals
spreading, subequal, lanceolate, acuminate, about 14 in.
long. Lip clawed, with the erect claw over + in. long ;
limb spreading, deltoid-triangular, acuminate, undulate,
about 1 in, long, $ in. broad at the base; disc puberulous,
with a pair of erect parallel compressed crests. Column
clavate, arcuate, nearly ? in, long; wings falcate-oblong,
acuminate at the apex, } in. long.—R. A. Rotre.
e 1, part of base of lip; 2, column; 3, pollinariam :—all enlarged ;
4, whole plant:—much reduced; 5, flower of O. gloriosum; 6, flower of
O. triwmphans (the reputed parents) :—natural size.
8743
Vincent Brooks Day & San Lup
L Reeve &C°T Jn
Tas. 8143,
MONTANOA motttsstma.
Mexico.
Compositar. Tribe HELIANTHOIDEAR,
Montano, Llav. et Lew. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 365.
Montanoa mollissima, Brongn. in Rev. Hortic. 1857, p. 543; Koch, Woch-
enschr, vol. vii. p. 408; affinis M. grandiflorae, DC., sed foliis subtus
arachnoideo-tomentosis supra non scabridis differt:
Fruter ramosus, circiter 2 m. altus. Rami striati, pubescentes, demum fere
glabri, Folia sessilia, lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, 10-18 cm. longa,
4-9 cm. lata, apice mucronulata, basi auriculata, crenata, supra viridia,
glabriuscula, subtus dense albo-arachnoideo-tomentosa, venis utrinque —
sed praecipue subtus distinctis. QCapitula circiter 4 em. diametro,
pedunculis circiter 6 em. longis. Involucri bracteae oblongae, sub-
acutae. Receptaculi paleae e basi lata subulatae, pilosae, 5 mm.
longae. Flores radit circiter 9, 2, albi; tubus 1 mm. longus, glaber;
lamina oblongo-obovata, vix 2 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata, 7- vel 8-nervia, apice
minute 3-dentata, supra glabra, subtus glanduloso-pilosa. Styli rami
penicillati, glabri, 1°55 mm. longi. Flores disci 9, flavi; tubus 4 mm.
longus, extra pilosus, basi 1 mm. constrictus; lobi deltoidei, obtusi.
Antherae apiculatae, 2°5 mm, longae. Stylus supra medium glanduloso-
pilosus, ramis planis 1°5 mm. longis, apice penicillatis. Achaenia
quadrangularia, 1'5 mm. longa, glabra. Pappus nullus.
The cultivated species of the genus Montanoa are used
in English gardens as sub-tropical bedding plants, and
are chiefly grown for the beauty of their foliage. 7. bipin-
natifida is used in this manner, and treated in a similar
way to such plants as Ricinus, Melianthus, and the large-
leaved Solanums. They do not flower readily in the open,
but on the Mediterranean they bloom as freely as perennial
Sunflowers.
M. mollissima is grown in the gardens of South Europe,
where it flowers freely, and is very ornamental, At Kew
it is treated as a greenhouse shrub. It is readily increased
from seeds sown in gentle bottom heat in spring, or by
cuttings of roots inserted in autumn, and of the stems or
shoots in spring. The plant here figured was raised from
seeds received in 1902 from the late Sir Thomas Hanbury,
La Mortola.
This species was introduced into cultivation by Ghies-
breght, who sent seeds from Mexico to the Paris Botanic
Garden in 1843. It has been reduced to M. grandiflora,
Juty Ist, 1907.
which has very rough, scabrid leaves, with distinct
brownish hairs on the sader surface, whilst the leaves of
our plant are quite velvety to the touch, and the hairs
beneath are of a white, cobwebby nature.
Descr.—A branching shrub, about 6 ft. high. Branches
striate, pubescent, at length almost glabrous. Leaves
sessile, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, 4-7 in. long, 15-4
in. broad, apex mucronulate, auriculate at the base,
crenate, green and almost glabrous above, densely covered
with a white tomentum below ; veins distinct on both sides,
especially beneath. Capitula about 1} in. in diameter ;
peduncles about 24 in. long. Involucral bracts oblong,
subacute. Palea of the receptacle subulate from a broad
base, pilose, about 34 in. long. Ray-flowers about 9, ?,
white ; tube 3 in. long, glabrous; lamina oblong-obovate,
scarcely 3 $ in. long, 4 in. broad, 7- or 8- nerved, apex
minutely tridentate, glabrous above, glandular-pilose below.
Style-branches penicillate, glabrous. Disc-flowers 9, yellow;
tube % in. long, pilose outside, constricted at the base ;
— lobes deltoid, obtuse. Anthers apiculate. Style glandular-
pilose above the middle ; ; branches flattened, penicillate at
the apex. Achenes quadrangular, glabrous. Pappus none.
—J. Hurontnson.
Fig. 1, involucral bract ; 2, ray-floret; 3, palea of receptacle; 4, disk- floret ; oe
5, anthers ; 6, style arms :—all enlarged.
8144
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Tas. 8144.
KE NNEDYA Retrorsa.
Eastern Australia.
Lecumrnosak. Tribe PHASEOLEAER.
Kennepya, Vent.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 531.
Kennedya retroraa, Hemsl. sp. nov. legumine densissime retrorso-piloso
insignita.
Frutex volubilis, praesertim in ramis rufescenti-tomentosus. Folia stipulata,
trifoliolata, distincte petiolata, 8-15 cm. longa. Stipulae ovatae, circiter
5mm. longae. Foliola stipellata, petiolulata (terminale longe) crassius-
cula, inaequalia, elliptica, oblonga, obovata, vel fere orbicularia, 3-12 em.
longa, apiculata, sopra strigillosa, subnitida, subtus ferrugineo-pubes-
centia. Stipellae minutae. Flores roseo-purpurei, circiter 15 em. longi,
fasciculato-racemosi; racemi cum pedunculo 5-15 cm. longi vel in speci-
minibus nonnullis spontaneis usque ad 25 cm. longi, pedicellis 3-5 mm.
longis. Bracteae ferrugineo-sericeae, ovato-caudatae, alabastra excedentes,
ante anthesin deciduae. Oaly« dense sericeo-hirsutus, bilabiatus, labio
superiore bidentato; labium inferius aequaliter trilobatum, lobis triangu-
lari-acuminatis. Vexillum oblato-orbiculatum, circiter 1°5 cm. diametro,
breviter unguiculatum, prope basin macula orbiculari unica alba ornatum.
Alae et carinae petala similia, obovata vel spathulata, apice rotundata,
circiter 1°2-1'5 cm. longa, longiuscule unguiculata, auriculata, auriculis
prominentibus acutis. Stamina praeter superius liberum connata;
antherae uniformes. Ovariwm sessile, praesertim secus suturam ven-
tralem pilosum, 4-ovulatum. Legwmen planum, rectum, 4-5 cm. longum,
7-8 mm. latum, aculeato-apiculatum, undique densissime retrorso-pilo-
sum, saepius 4-spermum. Semina fere nigra, reniformia, 6-7 mm. longa,
strophiolo albo claviformi, circiter 4 mm. longo ornata.
Although unequal as an ornamental plant to some of
the other species of Kennedya in cultivation, K. retrorsa is
very pretty, and, as it is a very free grower, it is deserving
of attention, especially as the wild specimens are much
finer than the cultivated ones that we have seen so far.
It was raised at Kew in 1905 from seed received from the
Sydney Botanic Garden, under the name of K, procurrens,
Benth. ; but it is quite distinct from that species, the type
of which is inthe Kew Herbarium. Thewild specimens are
from Mount Dangar Gungal, Merriwa, Brisbane Co., New
South Wales, in about 32°S. lat., and 150° E. long. The
fact that the flowers were produced in March may account
for their being in smaller clusters than the wild ones.
Descr.—A twining shrub, the young growths clothed
with reddish hairs. Leaves trifoliolate, distinctly stalked,
3-6 in. long. Stipules ovate, about 5 in. long. Leaflets
Juxy Ist, 1907.
stipellate, shortly stalked, rather thick, unequal, oval,
oblong, obovate, or nearly orbicular, 1-2} in. long, apicu-
late, strigillose above, shining, rusty-hairy beneath.
Flowers rose-purple, with a white eye on the standard,
about 2 in. in the greatest diameter, clustered in racemes ;
racemes, including stalk, 2-6 in. long, or as much as
10 in. in some wild specimens; pedicels §—-} in. long.
Bracts rusty-hairy, ovate-caudate, longer than the flower-
buds, falling off before the flowers expand. Caly« densely
silky-hairy, 2-lipped; upper lip bidentate; lower lip
equally 3-lobed, lobes triangular, acuminate. Standard
nearly orbicular, shortly clawed. Wing-petals and keel-
petals similar, obovate, rounded, clawed, auriculate above |
the base. Stamens 10, upper one free. Ovary sessile ;
style included. Pod flat, straight, about 2 in. long, rigidly
apiculate, densely clothed with reversed hairs, usually
4-seeded. Seeds almost black, reniform, about + in. long,
furnished with a white, clavate strophiole, about ¢ in.
long.—W. Borrine Hemstey.
Fig. 1, calyx and genitalia; 2, standard ; 3, a wing-petal ; 4, a keel-petal;
6, a pod; 7 and 8, seeds :—all enlarged except 6 and 7, which are natural size.
8145
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L. Reeve &(2°Landan.
Tas. 8145.
STEWARTIA MatacHoDENDRON.
Eastern North America.
TERUSTROEMIACEAE.
Srewartia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 185 (Stuartia).
Stewartia Malachodendron, Jinn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 698 (sphalmate Mala-
codendron; species a S. pentagyna, L’Herit., stylis connatis, a S. Pseudo-
camellia, Maxim., floribus subsessilibus differt, ab ambabus petalis
stellatim divergentibus recedit.
Frutex ramosus, 2-4 m. altus vel raro arbor parva, ramulis floriferis gracilibus
appresse pubescentibus. Folia decidua, alterna, brevissime petiolata,
lanceolata vel oblanceolata, 5-10 cm. longa, acuminata, praecipue supra
medium calloso-denticulata, subtus puberula. lores axillares, solitarii,
9-10 cm. diametro, brevissime pedunculati; pedunculis bibracteolatis,
bracteolis sericeis 3-4 mm. longis. Sepala5, basi connata, ovato-oblonga,
circiter 1 cm. longa, subacuta. Petala 5, alba, obovata, 4-5 cm. longa,
apice rotundata, minute crenulata, extus sericea, ima basi connata.
Stamina numerosa; filamenta infra medium dilatata, superne filiformia,
basi petalis adnata, purpurea, | antheris caeruleis. Ovarium sericeo-
hirsutum, 5-loculare, loculis 2-ovulatis; styli connati. Capsula lignosa,
ovoidea, vel subglobosa, circiter 1°5 cm. diametro, loculicide dehiscens.
Semina parva, lenticularia, margine nuda.—Stewartia virginica, Cav.
Diss. t. 159, f. 2; Sprague et A. Gray Gen. FJ. An. Bor. Illustr. vol. ii.
t. 138 (Stuartia) ; Gard. Chron. 1877, vol. vii. pp. 433-435, f. 86. Stuartia
Malachodendron, L’Herit. Stirpes Novae, 1784, p. 153, t. 73; Britton &
Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U. States and Canada, 1897, vol. ii. p. 426. Stewartia
marilandica, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 397. Steuartia, Catesby, Nat. Hist.
Carol. ed. 1, vol. ii. (1743?) App. p. 13, t. 13.
There are three species of Stewartia, namely, S. Pseudo-
camellia, Maxim. (B.M. t. 7045), from Japan; S. pen-
tagyna, L’ Her, (B. M. 3918), North America, and the one
here figured, which is better known under the name of
S. virginica, Cav. Mark Catesby, in his monumental work
cited above, says of this shrub: ‘‘ For this elegant plant I
am obliged to my good friend, Mr. Clayton, who sent it to
me from Virginia, and three months after its arrival it
blossomed in my garden at Fulham in May, 1742.” From
a letter by Dr. John Mitchell to Catesby, published in the
place cited above in Catesby’s ‘* History” the following
passage is extracted: ‘‘The plant which you showed me
by the name of Steuartia I take to be a new genus of
plants, the same that I called Malachodendron.” The latter
had previously been published by Mitchell (Act. Phys.
Acad. Nat. Cur. vol. viti. App. 1748, p. 216), and repeated
Juty 1st, 1907.
in his “ Dissertatio Brevis, &c., Nov. Pl. Gen.,” 1769,
p. 88. Subsequent authors have frequently misprinted it
Malacodendron, and Cavanilles (Diss. v. 1788, pp. 302-
303, t. 158, f. 2, t. 159, f. 2) separated the two American
species generically, adopting Malachodendron for 8. penta-
gyna, and Stewartia for S. virginica. On account of this
confusion the late Dr. A. Gray retained the name virginica
for the species here figured ; but that did not remove the
confusion. The mode of spelling the generic name was
changed by L’Heritier (I.c.) who deliberately adopted the
form Stewartia. ‘“‘Stewartiam consecrabat Linnaeus
memoriae illustriss. Joannis Stuart, Comitis a Bute, Paris
Angli . . . ergo Stuartia, nec Stewartia dicenda.” Most
English and American writers have followed L’Heritier,
and Britton and Brown (l.c.) have retained the altered
form. Even Willdenow (Species Plantarum, 1800, vol. ii.
p. 840) adopted Stuartia Malachodendron. As Linnaeus
incorrectly cites Mitchell there is no necessity for con-
tinuing the typographical error in the specific name,
especially as the form Malachodendron—mallow-tree, is
appropriate, whilst Malacodendion—soft-tree, is here
meaningless. With regard to the generic name it is |
different ; Linnaeus, although he cites Catesby’s page and
plate, does not cite his name.
This very ornamental shrub has never got into general
cultivation in British gardens, perhaps partly on account
of its not flourishing in ordinary garden soil, and partly
because it does not usually flower freely until it has
attained a considerable size. Catesby does not say any-
thing about the size of his plant, which flowered three
months after it reached England ; but it may be assumed
that it was quite small. Philip Miller also mentions its
having flowered before 1756, in Mr. Christopher Gray’s
nursery garden at Fulham; and there are some recent
records of its having flowered profusely, notably at Syon
House. The drawing for the accompanying plate was
made from specimens communicated by Sir Joseph Hooker,
in whose garden at Sunningdale it flowered freely last
year. |
Descr.—A branching shrub, or small tree, 6-14 ft. high,
with slender, pubescent flowering branches. Leaves de-
ciduous, alternate, very shortly stalked, lanceolate or
oblanceolate, 2—4 in. long, acuminate, minutely toothed
chiefly above the middle, puberulous underneath. Flowers
axillary, solitary, almost sessile, 3$—4 in. across. Sepals
5, connate at the base, ovate-oblong, about 4 of an in.
long. Petals 5, white, obovate, rounded, minutely
toothed. Stamens numerous, purple; anthers blue. Seed-
vessel ovoid, woody, about $ in. in diameter, opening down
the backs of the five cells. Seeds one or two in each cell,
small, lenticular.— W. B. Hemsury.
Cultiv.—Coming from the coast regions of the South-
eastern United States this shrub should be given a
sheltered position, for it is more likely to be injured by
persistent exposure to north and east winds than by tem-
porary spells of severe cold. At Kew it has passed
through the winters of the last ten years without suffering.
A moisture-loving plant, it should be planted only where
it is not likely to suffer from drought. It loves a peaty
soil, and if peat is not naturally present in the soil a
proportion of one-third should be added.—W. J. Bray.
Figs. 1 and 2, anthers ; 3, pistil:—all enlarged.
8146
L.Reeve & C°London.
Tap. 8146,
PHYLLODOCE Brewer.
California.
Ericacear. Tribe Payitopocear,
PHYLLODOCE, Salisb. Parad. Lond. t. 36; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii.
in, P- 595; Mawim. in Mem. Ac. Sc. Petersb. sér. 7, vol. xvi. no. 9, p. 5;
Drude in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. vol. iv. 1, p. 40.
Phyllodoce Breweri, Mawim. l.c.; P. empetriformi, Don., affinis, sed floribus
majoribus, corolla late campanulata ultra medium 5-fida, staminibus
exsertis distincta.
Fruticulus 20-30 cm. altus, ramis ascendentibus rigidis dense foliatis.
Folia creberrima, subsessilia, linearia, obtusa, marginibus arcte
revolutis, 1-15 cm. longa, 1-1°5 mm. lata, supra laevia, glaberrima,
subtus ob costam validam et margines revolutas bisulcata, in sulcis
glanduloso-pubescentia. lores e gemmis hibernantibus versus apices
ramorum singuli orti, racemose dispositi, saepe plurimi, racemum densum
brevem rarius elongatum referentes ; pedicelli tenues, glandulosi, 0°5-1-5
(plerumque 1) cm. longi. Sepala elliptico-ovata, 3-4 mm. longa, glabra,
purpurascentia. Corolla late campanulata, ultra medium 5-fida, 5-6 mm.
’ longa, rubro-purpurea, lobis late ovatis obtusis. Stamina normaliter 10:
filamenta 5-7 mm: longa; antheraé:1°5 mim;-longae- ., Ovarium 5-loculare,
glandulosum ; stylus 6 mm. longus. Capsula globosa, ‘4 mm.‘ diam:—
Bryanthus Breweri, A. Gray in Proc. Am. Acad. vol. vii. p. 367; Syn.
F]. N. Am. vol. ii. part I. p. 37. :
P, Breweri is a native of the inner Sierras of California,
between 34° and 40° N. lat. It was first observed by
W. H. Brewer, who was attached to Prof. Whitney’s sur-
veying party from 1860-1864. He collected the plant in
the ordinary state with relatively loose inflorescences on
Wood’s Peak, Eldorado Co., and in the form here figured
and distinguished by compact racemes, on Mt. Hoffmann,
on the north side of the Yosemite Valley. It is a
characteristic plant of the alpine zone from 3,000 to
over 3,600 m., and in some places forms extensive heather-
like patches. It is,as might be expected, quite hardy with
us, but a slow grower. At Kew it flowered in May. Its
corollas are the largest in the genus, and produce a fine
effect. Like its allies it prefers a peaty soil. It may
be propagated from seeds or cuttings orlayers. The plant
figured was raised from seeds presented to Kew in 1896
by Baron von St. Paul, of Fischbach, Silesia. The question
whether this plant should be placed in Phyllodoce or
Bryanthus has been much discussed; but Maximowicz,
and more recently Drude, the monographer of the Hricaceae
Ju1ty Ist, 1907.
in Engler and Prantl’s ‘ Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien,”
have come to the conclusion that Bryanthus should be
reserved for the species on which the genus was originally
based, namely, B. Gmelini, Stell., a plant so far only
known from Kamtschatka, the adjacent Komander-
skie Islands and Ochotsk. It is a small shrublet, with
tetramerous, rather inconspicuous flowers and _ rotate
corollas. | ode .
Descr.—A shvablor: 9 in. high, with ascending, rigid,
very densely leafy branches, Leaves crowded, subsessile,
linear, obtuse, with tightly revolute margins, }—% in. long,
34-7 In. broad, smooth above, bisulcate and glandular-
pubescent in the grooves. Flowers solitary from hiber- _
nating buds, arranged in terminal short or long, and
someuinys very dense racemes ; pedicels slender, glint
2 (usually 4) in. long. Sepals elliptic-oblong, §-
ea glabrous, purpurascent. Corolla bright rose colo
or purple, wide-campanulate, 5-fid beyond the middle;
lobes broad, ovate, obtuse. Stamens normally 10; anthers —
fa in, ‘long, exserted from the corolla. Ovary ’b-celled,
glandular; styles up to { in. long. Capsule globose, % in.
in diameter.—Ortto Srapr.
Cultiv.—The plant here figured and described is cult
vated in semi-shade in the rock garden at Kew, where it |
has proved quite hardy, but has grown slowly. It is
a loose tuft a foot through, the stems 6-9 in. high, an
covered with heath-like evergreen leaves. It flowered
freely for the first time in 1906, and in May it was
attractive. . There is no marked difference between
several species of Phyllodoce and Bryanthus as re:
cultivation ; they have. the same heath-like habi
foliage, and they are also alike in their preference
peaty: soil.” "The present ‘species: is, perhaps,. the
flowered, and it is also distinct in the spicate arrangement
of the flowers on the stem, the other species having them
in terminal clusters. All of them are very suitable f
cultivation in the alpine garden or rockery. They ripen
seeds in favourable seasons, and they may be increased
by means of cuttings or layers.—W. Watson.
Fig. 1, lower leaf; 2, upper leaf; 3, calyx and pistil; 4 ok, 5, ant
6, ovary :—all enlarged.
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Taz. 8142.—ODONTOGLOSSUM LEEANUM.
, 8143.—MONTANOA MOLLISSIMA.
, $144.—KENNEDYA RETRORSA.
» 8145.—STEWARTIA MALACHODENDRON,
, 8146—PHYLLODOCE BREWERI.
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‘ ‘HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA:
A Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns Indigenous aS
to or NWaturaliged in the British Isles.
‘Br GEORGE BENTHAM, F.RS,
8th Edition, Revised by Sir J. D. Hooker, C.B., G.C.S.I., F.R.S., &e. 9s.
ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE BRITISH FLORA. —
A Series of Wood Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants.
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8147
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M.S.del.J N.Fitch ith.
L.Reeve & CY London
Tas. 8147.
ALOE nirens,
South Africa.
Lintacgeak. Tribe ALOINEAE,
Ator, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant, vol. iii. p. 776.
Aloe nitens, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xviii. p. 170, et in Thiselton-
Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. vi. p. 325, non Schult. f.; A. africanae, Mill., affinis,
a qna inflorescentia paniculata perianthioque recto viridi recedit.
Caulis simplex, circa 3 m. altus, 7°5 em. diam. Folia prope apicem caulis
congesta, lanceolata, glabra, 60 em. longa, 6 cm. lata; spinae curvatae,
brunneae, 3 mm. longae, inter se 8 mm, distantes. Panicula racemosa ;
pedunculi patentes, circa 35 em. longa; spica multiflora, eam Kniphofiae
alooidis, Moench, simulans; brecteae circa 10 em. longae; bracteolae
dense imbricatae, lunatae, 5 mm. diam., marginibus membranaceis valde
recurvis. Flores subsessiles, virides. Perianthiwm rectum, cylindricum,
2 cm, longum ; segmenta oblonga, obtusa, 4 mm. lata, exteriora herbacea,
5-nervia, interiora membranacea, 3-nervia. Stamina perianthio duplo
longiora; filamenta complanata, basi 1 mm, lata, in antherae foveola
dorsifixa; antherae oblongae, 4 mm. longae, apieulatae. Ovariwm ovoi-
deum, 6 mm. longum; stylus staminibus aequilongus.
For years Aloe nitens has been one of the most striking
of the many species cultivated in the Succulent House at
Kew, flowering in midwinter every year when its large
inflorescence, formed of six or more branches, each
bearing a cluster of rich crimson flowers, is a great
attraction. It was sent to Kew in 1877 by Sir Henry
Barkly when Governor at the Cape, and it is now a fine
specimen 12 ft. high, the upper half clothed with long
green leaves.
Descr.—Stem unbranched, about 12 ft. high, 3 in, in
diameter, pale brown. JZeaves crowded into an apical
crown, lanceolate, glabrous, about 2 ft. long and 24 in,
wide, edged with stout brown upcurved spines } in. long,
and about 3 in. apart. Panicle bearing about 7 spikes
racemosely arranged ; peduncles patent, about 14 in. long ;
spikes densely many-flowered, resembling those of Knipho-
Jia alooides, Moench ; bracts about 4 in. long; bracteoles
densely imbricate, lunate, about 3 lin. across, with strongly
recurved membranous margins; flowers subsessile,
Perianth straight, cylindrical, # in. long, green; segments
oblong, obtuse, § in. wide, the outer herbaceous and
6
Aveust Ist, 1907,
5-nerved, the inner membranous and 3-nerved. Stamens
twice as long as the perianth; filaments flattened, s in.
wide at the base, inserted into a pit at the back of the
anther near its base; anthers oblong, + in. long, apiculate.
Ovary ovoid, + in. long; style as long as the stamens.—
C. H. Wricur.
Cultiv.—Although the genus Aloe is not popular in
English gardens, a considerable number of the species are
decidedly ornamental; their flowers are attractive in form
and colour, and they are among the easiest of plants to
cultivate. They are generally grown in pots, but where
space can be afforded they grow more quickly, and are
much happier when planted in a border of gravelly soil.
A, nitens is one of the less ‘tropical species; it would
probably be an ideal plant for the gardens of the Riviera.
—-W. Warson.
Fig. 1, ower; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, pistil :—all enlarged ; 5, sketch of the
whole plant :—much reduced.
8148,
Vincent Broaks,Day& Sen Le: ai
M.Sdel. JN Fitchlith.
L. Reeve & C° Landon.
Tap. 8148.
BRUCKENTHALIA spicunironta.
Transylvania, Balkan Peninsula, and Northern Asia Minor.
: Ericacear. Tribe Ericean.
BruckentTHatia, Reichb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. 413; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant.
vol. ii. p. 591; Drude in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. vol. iv. 1,
p- 62.
Bruckenthalia spiculifolia, Reichb. l.c. p. 414; species wnica.
Fruticulus multiramosus, 10-15 cm. altus, ramis ascendentibus gracilibus
tenuiter pubescentibus. Folia creberrima, quaterna vel sparsa, sub-
sessilia, linearia, margine arcte replicata, obtusiuscula, apice seta pellu-
cida imposita, 3-4 mm. longa, 0°5 mm. lata, coriacea, supra sparse setulis
glanduligeris obsita, subtus ob costam crassiusculam et margines re-
plicatas bisulcata. lores in racemos terminales densitsculos congesti,
nutantes; pedicelli minute asperuli, 3 mm. longi. Calyx campanulatus,
coloratus, glaber, 4-lobus, lobis late triangularibus, vix 1°5 mm. altus.
Corolla rosea, campanulata, 3 mm. longa, 4-loba, lobis late ovatis obtusis.
Stamina 8, inelusa; filamenta ima basi inter se et cum corolla connata;
antherae 1 mm. hand attingentes, apice bilobae, muticae. Discus
vix ullus. Stylus longe exsertus. Capsula globosa, calycem persisten-
tem haud superans.—Frica spiculifolia, Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol.
vi. (1802), p. 824; Sibth. Fl. Graeca, tab. 353. HE. Bruckenthalii, Spreng.
Neue Entd. vol. i. p. 271. Menziesia Bruckenthalii, Baumg. Enum. Stirp.
Transs. vol. i. p. 333.
Bruckenthalia spiculifolia was discovered by Sibthorp on
Keshish Dagh, the so-called Bithynian Olympos, near
Srussa, in Asia Minor, more than a hundred years ago,
and described as Erica spiculifolia by Salisbury in 1802.
Subsequently it was found in the Transylvanian Alps, and
described by Baumgarten in 1816 as Menziesia Brucken-
thalit, after Samuel and Michael, Barons von Bruckenthal,
prominent contemporary Transylvanian noblemen. The
plant has quite the appearance of a small Erica, but differs
from that genus in the campanulate calyx and the almost
complete absence of a disc. Its area covers the greater
part of the Balkan Peninsula, excepting Greece; extends
over the Transylvanian Alps, and reaches its northernmost
point in the Biharia Mountains in Hungary. In Asia
Minor it has, so far, been found only on Keshish Dagh,
and on the mountains between Tireboli and Gumush
Khane, in the vilayet of Trebizond. Bruckenthalia grows
either socially in extensive heath-like patches, or scattered
among species of Vaccinium, dwarf juniper, and similar
Avusust lst, 1907.
shrublets. It ascends to over 2,000 m., but flourishes
best in the upper subalpine zone, and is a great ornament
of its native mountains comparable in effect to the Hrica
carnea of the Alps.
Descr.—A. much-branched shrublet, about 4 foot high,
with slender, pubescent, ascending branches. Leaves
crowded, more or less in whorls of four, subsessile, linear
with tightly recurved margins, obtuse, with a terminal
bristle, j-¢ in. long, qs in. wide, coriaceous, with scattered
gland-tipped bristles above, and two grooves beneath.
Flowers in dense terminal racemes, nodding ; pedicels aspe-
rulous, ¢ in. long. Calyx campanulate, coloured, glabrous,
4-lobed; lobes broadly triangular. Corolla rose-coloured,
campanulate, + in. long, 4-lobed; lobes broadly ovate,
obtuse. Stamens 8, included; filaments united at the very
base, and attached to the base of the corolla ; anthers not
quite #, in. long, bilobed. Disc indistinct. Style long,
exserted. Capsule globose, small.—Orro Srarr.
Cultiv.—One of the prettiest and daintiest of the
smaller Hricaceae, Bruckenthalia spiculifolia thrives at
Kew very well in the open air, planted in a light, peaty
soil, where it forms close tufts about 6 in. high, and a foot
or more across. Commencing to flower about mid-June,
it remains in that state for at least a month, the whole
plant being covered with the short, erect racemes. It —
produces good seeds yearly, and these afford the best
means of increase. The species is not often met with in
gardens, but as seeds have been offered in exchange for
several years past, and have been freely asked for, it will
probably become more common. Although quite hardy,
the plant is too small to withstand rough shrubbery treat-
ment. The best place for it is, perhaps, a shelf or
miniature platean on the rockery. Failing such a situation
a front place in a group of the smaller Hricaceous or other
peat-loving plants might be accorded it.—W. J. Bran.
Fig. 1, foliage, 2; two flowers; 3, 4, and 5, anthers; 6, pistil :—all enlarged.
8149
a
~~
en wr
a afin
ene
MS.del. JUN Pitch lith.
Vincent Brooks Day& SonLéamp
LReeve & C°Iondon.
Tas. 8149.
CALATHKA ANGUSTIFOLIA.
Central America.
ScITAMINEAE. ‘Tribe MARANTEAE.
CatatuEa, G. F. W. Meyer; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 653;
K. Schum. in Engl. Pflanzenr., Marantaceae, p. 69.
Calathea angustifolia, Koern. in Gartenfl. 1858, p. 87, Mittheil. Russ.
Gartenb. 1860, p. 94, et in Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mose. vol. xxxv. pars i.
p. 186; Peters in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. iii. pars iii. p. 116; K. Schum. in
Engl. Pflanzenr., Marantaceae, p. 110; C. varianti, Koern., proxima, foliis
subtus pilosis differt.
Herba acaulis. Folia radicalia, anguste oblonga, acuminata, basi obtusa,
utrinque pilosa, supra viridia, subtus purpurea, circa 60 cm. longa, 12
cm. lata; petiolus circa 60 cm. longus, viridis, rubro-maculatus, parte
superiore 2-3 cm. longa glabra callosa excepta pilis patentibus dense
vestitus ; vagina membranacea, patentim pilosa, rubro-maculata. Scapus
15 em. altus, lutescens, rubro-maculatus ; bracteae lanceolatae, lutescentes
vel pallide virides, rubro-pilosae ; bracteolae lanceolatae, glabrae, hyalinae ;
spica 15 cm. longa; flores bini dispositi, 2°5 cm, diam. Sepala lineari-
lanceolata, acuminata, hirsuta. Corolla dilute lutea; tubus hirsutus,
cylindricus, 2°2 cm. longus ; lobi lanceolati, 1°4 cm. longi. Staminodiwm
exterius obovato-oblongum, 1°5 em. longum; interius exteriori simile sed
paullo brevius; staminodium cucullatum,7 mm. longum. Ovariwm apice
luteo-sericeum.—Maranta discolor et Heliconia discolor, Hort. ex Koern.
in Gartenfl. 1858, p. 87.
Many of the plants of this order are cultivated on
account of the beauty of their leaves, and receive names in
gardens before they produce flowers, upon the structure
of which the various genera are founded; hence a com-
plicated synonymy has arisen. The present species is an
instance of this, for it was cultivated before 1858 at St.
Petersburg and Berlin under the names of Maranta discolor
and Heliconia discolor respectively, but (while its flowers
were still unknown) was transferred by Koernicke to
Calathea on account of its great resemblance in habit and
foliage to his C. varians, an assumption which subsequent
flowering has justified. The plant here depicted has been
cultivated at Kew for many years.
Descr.—A stemless herb, with leaves reaching a height
of about 4 ft. Leaves narrowly oblong, acuminate, obtuse
at the base, pilose on both surfaces, green above, purple
beneath, 2 ft. long, nearly 5 in. wide; petiole about 2 ft.
long, green, spotted with red, densely clothed with patent
Avueust Ist, 1907.
hairs, except for about an inch below the blade, where it
is glabrous and swollen; sheath membranous, patently
hairy, red-spotted. Scape 6-10 in. high, yellowish, spotted
with red; bracts lanceolate, yellowish or pale green,
clothed with red hairs; bracteoles lanceolate, glabrous,
hyaline; spike about 6 in. long; flowers in pairs beneath
each bract, about 1 in. in diameter. Sepals linear-lanceo-
late, acuminate, hirsute. Corolla pale yellow; tube hir-
sute, cylindrical, about 1 in. long; lobes lanceolate, about
half as long as the tube. Staminodes pale yellow; the
outer obovate-oblong, 3 in. long; the inner like the outer,
but slightly shorter; the hooded one about 4 in. long.
Ovary yellow-silky at the apex.—C. H. Wricur.
Cultiv.—Both Calatheas and Marantas give a_ better
account of themselves when they are planted in a border
of light rich soil than when kept confined in flower-pots.
This is abundantly proved by the behaviour of a selection
of the two genera in the Nepenthes House at Kew, where,
along with various other plants of similar habit and re-
quirements, they are used to furnish a rockery border
under the Nepenthes, which are grown in_ baskets
suspended from the roof. The growth of the Cala-
theas in this house is so vigorous that some of them
become quite changed in character. C. angustifolia is
usually a small and unattractive plant, but here it has
formed a stately mass of elegant leaves 4 ft. high, dark
green above, purple below, the petioles prettily mottled,
whilst the flower scapes are 10 in. high, the upper half
crowded with cream-yellow flowers, and looking not unlike
a good yellow hyacinth. All the species enjoy a light
rich soil, plenty of moisture, shade, and a tropical
_ temperature—W. Watson.
Fig. 1, sepal; 2, flower ; 3, stamen and staminodes ; 4, cucullate staminode :
—all enlarged ; 5, sketch of the whole plant, much reduced.
87350
M.S. del. JIN. Fitch Jith
L Reeve & C° London.
Tas. 8150.
‘SSTREPTOCARPUS Hozsttr.
“East Tropical Africa,
GESNERACEAE. Tribe CYRTANDREAR.
Srreptocarpvs, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1023.
Streptocarpus Holstii, Zngler, Jahrb. vol. xviii. (1893), p. 77, tt. 4et 5 ; e grege
S. Kirkii, Hook. f. (B. M. t. 6782) et S. caulescentis, Vatke (B. M.
t. 6814), sed habitu graciliore, foliorum petiolis longioribus et forum
colore caeruleo differt.
Caules graciles, metrales vel ultra, debiles, quadrangulares, cito glabrescentes,
nitidi, ad nodos incrassatos primum pilosi. Internodia folia subaequantia.
Folia tenuia, subcarnosa, longe petiolata, ovata, oblonga, vel fere orbi-
cularia, absque petiolo 15-4 em. longa, obtusa, integra, praesertim subtus
secus costam venasque pilis crassiusculis parce vestita; venae primariae
laterales utrinque 7-9, subtus elevatae; petiolus laminam fere aequans.
Cymae 2-6-florae, pilis glandulosis parcissime instractae, in foliorum
superiorum axillis graciliter pedunculatae, 10-15 cm. longae, erectae,
pedicellis capillaribus quam flores longioribus. Flores “ saturate caeru-
lei,” circiter 2°5-3 cm. longi et 15 cm. diametro. Calyz crassus, pilo-
sulus, subaequaliter 5-lobus, lobis porta circiter 2 mm. longis obtusius-
culis apice incrassatis. Corollae puberulae labia valde inaequalia,
superiore bifido quam inferiore 4-plo breviore. Antherae cohaerentes.
Ovarium glabrum, stylo incluso. Capsula glabra, gracilis, 5-6 cm.
longa.
This very elegant plant was raised at Kew from seed
received from the Berlin Botanic Garden in 1905, and
flowered freely in December, 1906. It is a much more
ornamental plant than either of the two similar species
with which it is compared above, and if it retain the
winter-flowering habit it deserves a future in cultivation.
Descr.—A slender, elegant branching herb, about 18 in.
high, and as much, through. Stems weak, 4-angled,
glabrescent, shining, thickened at the pilose nodes.
Internodes about as long as the leaves. Leaves thin,
somewhat fleshy, long-stalked, ovate, oblong, or nearly
orbicular, including stalk 14-3 in. long, obtuse, entire,
slightly hairy, especially on the underside along the mid-
rib and primary veins. Cymes 2-6-flowered, borne on
very slender stalks arising in the axils of the upper leaves,
4—6 in. long, sparingly furnished with glandular hairs;
pedicels extremely slender. Flowers mauve-purple, with a
white throat 1-13 in. long, } in. across. Calye very
small, nearly equally 5-lobed; lobes oblong, obtuse,
Aveust Ist, 1907, :
thickened at the tip. Corolla glandular hairy, very
unequally 2-lipped; upper lip very short. Anthers 2,
connivent. Ovary glabrous; style included. Capsule
slender, twisted, about 2 in. long.—W. Borrina Hrusiey.
Oultiv—tThis is the third and, horticulturally, the best
of the caulescent species of Stieptocarpus introduced into
cultivation. They are less decorative than the stemless
species, now so popular in gardens, and unless they can
be improved by crossing and selecting they are not likely
to become favourites with gardeners. So far, all attempts
to cross them with species of the stemless section have
proved unsuccessful. 9. Holstii has grown quickly from | &
seeds, forming in less than a year a bushy plant 18 in. high
and through. It has been happiest when kept in a moist
tropical house, and has been at its best in December. It has
ripened seeds, and is probably an annual, or monocarpic,
as indeed are all the species in cultivation except S. Rewi
and its allies, and even they do better when renewed from
seeds than as old plants.—W. Warson.
Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, corolla laid open, showing the stamens and
staminodes ; 3 and 4, stamens :—all enlarged.
L.Reeve &C° Landon.
b
i LA
LZ t
a
y
Tas. 8151.
DELPHINIUM macrocentroy.
Mountains of East Tropical Africa.
RaNUNCULACEAE. Tribe HELLEBOREAE.
Detruinioum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 9.
Delphinium macrocentron, D. Oliv. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxi. p- 397;
Hook, Ic. Pl. t. 1501; haec species calcaris erecti longitudine insignis.
Herba perennis, pluricaulis, in olla crescens circiter 1°5 m. alta, fere omnino
pubescens, caulibus pauciramosis. Folia 3-7-palmatipartita, atro-viridia,
albo-maculata, circumscriptione fere orbicularia, usque ad 15-18 cm.
diametro, sursum gradatim minora; segmenta primaria valde variabilia,
nunc 2 cm. lata nunc fere linearia, 3-multilobata, lobis ultimis acutis ;
petioli usque ad 18 cm. longi, foliorum caulinoram sursum gradatim
minora. lores pubescentes, viridi-coerulei vel interdum flavo-coerulei
calcare albido 4-5 cm. longo; pedunculi quam flores nune breviores nunc
paullo longiores, prope apicem abrupte recurvi, bibracteolati, bracteolis
angustissimis circiter 5 cm. longis. Sepala petaloidea lata, superioris
calcaratis limbus cordatus reflexus, omnia alia declinata ; calear calycinum
rectum, sursum directum, latum, per totam longitudinem cylindricum,
obtusissimum. Petala 2 superiora in calear caleare calycino inclusum
producta, la..ina oblonga sursum leviter dilatata apice truncato-emar-
ginata; 2 inferiora unguiculata, spathulata apice oblique rotundata,
breviter bifida. Stamina quam petala breviora. Carpella 3, pubescentia,
stamina aequantia, matura non visa.
This Larkspur inhabits the mountains of Eastern
tropical Africa, chiefly in the Uganda Protectorate, at
elevations of 6,000 to 8,000 ft., and the Hon. Walter
Rothschild imported it from Mount Elgon. The plant
actually figured was from Mr. James O’Brien’s garden at
Harrow-on-the-Hill, and Miss O’Brien made the drawing
illustrating the habit. Mr. J. Thomson first discovered it
in Lykipia, in the Masai Country, in 1884, and there are
also specimens in the Kew Herbarium, collected by Bishop
Hannington, Mr. A. Whyte, Sir Evan James, and Mr.
C. F. Elliott. The plant figured was cultivated in a
pot; Mr. O’Brien is of opinion that it may prove to be
hardy.
Descr.—A_ perennial herb, hairy in nearly all parts.
Stems as grown in a pot about 5 ft. high, slightly
branched. Leaves palmately divided into 38-7 primary
segments varying from % to nearly 1 in. across, 8—many-
lobed ; lobes acute; petioles of the lower leaves 6-8 in.
Auveust Ist, 1907.
long, gradually shorter upwards, uppermost _ sessile.
Flowers hairy, blue and green, or yellow and green in
some of the wild specimens, with a whitish apex, about
2 in. long; peduncles about the same length, sometimes
shorter, sometimes longer, abruptly recurved near the
apex. Sepals 5, petaloid, broad; spur broad, straight,
erect, of nearly equal thickness throughout, rounded at
the end. Petals 4, narrower. Carpels three, hairy, ripe
ones not seen.— W. Borrinc Hemsuxy.
Fig. 1, one of the lower petals; 2, a stamen; 3, pistil; 4, whole plant :—
all enlarged, evcept 4.
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8152
Vincent Brooks Day &SonTtS imp.
MS.del. JN Fitch lith.
L-Reeve &C°Landon
Tas. 8152.
ACONITUM wapettus, var. EMINENS.
Rhenish Prussia.
RANUNCULACEAE. ‘Tribe HELLEBOREAR.
Aconitum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 9.
Aconitum Napellus, Linn., var. eminens, Wirigen, Fl. d. Preuss. Rheinpro-
vinz, p. 21; a typo Linneano altitudine, panicula amplissima, flore magis
hiante, galea altiore, nectariis saepe subexsertis, floram et folliculoram
magnitudine nec non statione distinctum.
Herta saepe 2 m., interdum ad 2°75 m. alta, praeter inflorescentiam glaberrima.
Folia laete vel saturate viridia, carnosula, lucidula, inferiora longe petio-
lata, ambitu reniformi-orbiculata, maxima ad 30 cm. lata, more folioram
typi partita nisi segmentis plerumque latioribus; petioli ad 15 cm.
longi. Panicula maxima, 1-1'25 m. longa, tandem fere e basi ramis
florentibus longis aucta, pyramidalis, superne adpresse pubescens;
bracteae inferiores more foliorum summorum divisae, summae lanceolatae,
simplices, pedicellis multo breviores; pedicelli inferiores ad 8 cm. vel
tandem 10 em. longi; bracteolae oblongae, obtusae, pubescentes, flori
arcte approximatae, ad 5 mm. Jongae, in pedicellis inferioribus medio
altera saepe trifida addita. Flores intense purpureo-coerulei, rarius
purpurascentes vel albo-variegati. Galea 2U-25 mm. alta, parce pubes-
cens vel praeter margines glabra, ungue latiuscualo erecto, cuculla
depressa versus rostrum paulo descendente vel subhorizontali. Sepala
lateralia oblique orbicularia, latissime unguiculata, 15-18 mm. longa,
margine superiore a galea remoto, ideoque flore hiante, in facie et ad
margines sparse longe pilosa; sepala inferiora oblonga, descendentia,
12-15 mm. longa. Nectaria ungue circiter 20 mm. alto sub galea prorsus
curvato suffulta, saepe e galea magis minusve exserta, oblonga, apice
in dorso gibbosa, 5-7 mm. longa, hine inde sparse pilosa, labio oblongo
breviter bilobo incurvo, 4-8 mm. longo apice intense coeruleo. Fila-
menta paulo ultra medium alata, superne pilosa. Carpella 3, rarissime
2 vel 4, oblonga, glabra, sub anthesi erecta, postea divergentes. Folliculi
maturi contigui, erecti, post dehiscentiam imo apice tantum recurvo,
magnitadine valde varii, ad 30 mm. longi, 6-7 mm. lati. Semina 3-
angulari-obpyramidata, angulis acutis vel subalatis, in facie antica
transverse rugosa, in lateribus sublaevia, 4 mm. longa.—A. eminens,
Koch ex Reichb. Illustr. Acon. gen. t. 16 (lxix.); Wirtgen, Veget. Eifel,
p- 201; vix ex Reichb. Ubers. d. Gatt. Acon. p. 35 (ubi nomen tantum).
This is by far the most handsome of the numerous varieties
or races of Aconitum Napellus. It appears to be confined
to the limestone zone of the Hifel Mountains. I collected
the tubers from which the specimen here figured was
raised on the banks of the River Kyll, some miles above
Gerolstein, in 1904. There the plant grew most lux-
uriautly in rich, deep soil, close to the water together
with willows, the tallest specimens attaining 2 m. or
slightly more. In another locality, on the slopes of the
Auburg, to the west of Gerolstei, I found it in almost
impenetrable thickets of hazel, Cornus sanguinea, Vibur-
SerTeMBER Ist, 1907.
num Lantana, and other shrubs, sending up its beautiful
blue panicles here and there where the thicket was lower
and less compact. The tubers were about 10 cm. below
the surface among the network of the roots of the shrubs,
and very difficult to get at. The tallest plants raised in my
garden attained 274 m.in 1905, 2°5 m. in 1906, and 2°75 m.
in 1907. The top panicle flowers first, and is followed by
numerous lateral panicles developing basewards, until in
some cases the whole plant represents finally one huge
compound panicle. At Gerolstein the flowering was, in
1904, at its best in August. At Kew the plant flowers in
August, whilst it starts sprouting at the beginning of March.
_ It is noteworthy that specimens of typical A. Napellus,
gathered by me at Engstlenalp, Switzerland, and planted
side by side with the Hifel plants, sprout at the end of
March, that is 8 to 4 weeks later, and yet commence to
flower a fortnight before var. eminens has begun.
Descr.—A herb, often 7 and even over 9 ft. high,
perfectly glabrous, with the exception of the inflorescences.
Leaves bright or dark green, somewhat fleshy and glossy,
the lower long-petioled, reniform-orbiculate in outline, the
largest 12 in. across, divided like those of the ordinary
monkshood of gardens; petioles up to 6 in. long. Panicle
very large and compound, 3-5 ft. long, pyramidal, finely
adpressedly pubescent in the upper parts ; lower bracts
like reduced leaves, upper lanceolate, entire, much shorter
than the pedicels ; bracteoles obleng, obtuse, pubescent,
close to the flower. Flowers intensely purplish-blue, or
sometimes purple or variegated. Helmet about an inch
long, with a broad claw and a depressed hood; lateral
sepals obliquely orbicular, }-3 in. long, their upper
margins not contiguous with the helmet. Nectaries with
a slender claw about # in. long, and a much inclined and
often exserted hood produced into a 2-lobed lip §-3 in.
long. Carpels 3, rarely 2 or 4, oblong, erect, glabrous,
divergent after flowering, but ultimately again erect and
contiguous. ollicles 1-11 in. long, about + in. wide, the
tps recurved after dehiscing. Seeds 3-angular, obpyra-
midal, angles acute, or slightly winged, anticous face
transversely wrinkled, } in. long.—Orro Srarr.
Fig. I, part of edicel ; 2, section of fower: 3 ician 2d Whale want i
1-3, enlarged, 4, Baste lon of Hower; vo, nectaries ; +, Pp
8153
Vincent Brooks Day &SonLt* Tap
LD Reeve &C® Landon.
MS.del J.UFitch ith.
Tar. 8153.
ANGRAECUM tvronpieunarn.
as Tropical Africa.
Orcuipacear. Tribe VANDEAE,
Ancrarcum, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 583.
Angraecum infundibulare, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. vi. p. 136;
Gard. Chron. 1904, vol. xxxvi. pp. 82, 130, cum suppl. tab.; Orch. Rev.
1905, p. 331; species distinctissima, habitu A. Fichleriano, Krinzl.,
a sed labello amplissimo fauce infundibulari et calcare longissimo
' differt.
Herba epiphytica, scandens. Caules validi, 30-60 cm. longi, radicantes.
Folia disticha, oblonga, inaequaliter biloba, coriacea, 10-12 cm. longa;
circa 3 cm. lata; vaginae amplexicaules, striatae, 3-4 cm. longae.
Peduncult axillares, 6-7 cm. longi, uniflori. Bracteae ovato-oblongae,
acutae, circa 8 mm. longae. Flores magni, speciosi, pallide flavi; labellum
albidum, fauce viride. Sepala et petala linearia, acuminata, 6-7 cm.
longa; petala et sepalum posticum reflexa; sepala lateralia divergentia.
Labellum magnum, infundibulare; limbus late elliptico-ovatus, apiculatus,
6-7 cm. longus, circa 5 cm. latus; calear fauce infundibulari 5-6 em.
longo dein valde reflexum, cylindricum, 9-11 em. longum. Colwmna
latissima, circa 5 mm. longa, alis rotundatis; pollinia 2, stipiti plano
brevi affixa.—Mystacidiwm infundibulare, Rolfe in Dyer FI. ‘trop. Africa,
vol. vii. p. 170.
Angraecum infundibulare, Lindl., is a very remarkable
species, which was originally discovered in Princes Island,
in the Bight of Biafra, West Tropical Africa, by Barter,
about the year 1858; the collector describing it as a
highly ornamental plant, an exception to African Or-
chidaceae, and as having large white and fragrant flowers.
Nothing further was known of it until 1904, but in July
of that year a plant from the collection of the Right Hon.
Lord Rothschild, Tring Park, received a First-class
Certificate from the Royal Horticultural Society, and
this is said to have been collected by Major H. B.
Rattray, on the Victoria Nyanza, Uganda, in 1902. a
locality over a thousand miles east of the original one.
It was also found in Uganda by Mr. M. T. Dawe, Director
of the Scientific and Forestry Department, Uganda, who
sent living plants to Kew in 1903, which flowered in
November, 1906, when the accompanying drawing was
made. ‘lhe Uganda plant has rather broader leaves than
that from Prince’s Island, but otherwise the two are sub-
stantially similar. There is at Kew a dried specimen
SertrMBeR Ist, 1907.
collected by Barter at the Brass River, which is identical
in habit, but the leaves are larger, and the flowers have
fallen, though apparently it represents the same species.
Lindley remarked that it belonged to the same set as
Angraecum gladifolium, Thouars, and as the pollen was
unknown when the Orchids were prepared for the Flora
of Tropical Africa the species. was referred to Mystaci-
dium, a position which now proves untenable. It is quite
a distinct and isolated species, though perhaps most allied -
to Angraecum Hichlerianum, Krinzl. (Bot. Mag. t. 7813),
which it closely resembles in habit, though the details of
the flower are very different.
Mr. Dawe found the plant growing in a hot, moist, and
shady situation, and under these conditions it has sue-
ceeded well in cultivation. -
Deser.—A climbing epiphyte, 1-2 ft. high, with aeria
roots. Leaves distichous, oblong, unequally bilobed,
coriaceous, 4-5 in. long, an inch or more broad ; sheaths
tubular, clasping the stem, striate, 1-1} in. long.
Pedunelegs axillary, 24-8 in. long, 1-flowered. Bracts ovate-
oblong acute, about 4 in. long. lowers large, pale
yellow, except the lip, which is white with a green throat.
Sepals and petals linear, acuminate, 2}-3 in. long; the
petals and dorsal sepal refiexed, the lateral sepals dita -
verging. Lip large, infundibular; limb broadly elliptical-
ovate, apiculate, 24-3 in. long, about 2 in. broad; throat —
infundibular, 2-21 in. long, then sharply reflexed into a
slender somewhat curved spur, 34-43 in. long. Column
very broad, about 4 in. long, with rounded wings; pollinia
: attached to a short, broad, and flat stipes.—R. A.
OLFE.
Fig. 1, column; 2, anther-cap; 3 and 4, pollinarium, seen from front and
back :—all enlarged.
8154.
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‘Vineent Brooks, Day & San L¢#imp
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PODOPHYLLUM versirrnne.
China.
BERBERIDACEAE. Tribe BERBEREAE.
PopopnytiuM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 45.
Podophyllum versipelle, Hance in Journ. Bot. vol. xxi. (1883) 362; Hemsl.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii. p. 33; Hook. Ic. Plant. vol. xx. (1891),
t. 1996; affinis P. pleiantho, Hance, sed foliis altius lobatis et floribus
minoribus differt.
Rhizoma perennis. Cauwles annui, erecti, glabri, pallide virides. Folia
caulina 2, inferius longe, superius breviter centrice vel subcentrice
peltato-petiolata, superius inflorescentiam terminalem et sessilem superans,
ambitu orbicularia, plus minus profunde 5-9-lobata, usque ad 25 em.
diametro, supra glabra, subtus parce pilosa, nervis supra impressis
subtus leviter prominulis, lobis ovatis vel ovato-oblongis vel interdum
leviter trilobatis circ. 10 cm. longis et 8 cm. latis, marginibus subulato-
denticulatis. Cymae umbelliformes, sessiles, saepius 8-florae. Pedicelli
penduli, usque ad 5 cm. longi, apice leviter incrassati, glabri vel breviter
pilosi. Flores saturate coccinei. Sepala 6, oblongo-elliptica, 1°5 em.
longa, ‘7 cm. lata, obtusa, extus breviter pilosa, intus glabra. Petala 6,
oblongo-elliptica, 2-2°5 cm. longa, *75-1 cm. lata, obtusa, utrinque glabra.
Stamina 6; filamenta complanata, 7 cm. longa, glabra; antherae circiter
1 em. longae, connectivo incrassato apice obtuso. Ovarium ellipsoideum,
glabrum; stvlus brevis, stigmate magno peltato coronatus. Ovula
indefinita. Jructus ignotus.
The genus Podophyllum consists of at least six species,
five of which are in cultivation. One of these, P. pelta-
tum, is a native of North America, whilst the remainder
are found in India, China, and the island of Formosa.
They are all sufficiently hardy to be grown in the open
at Kew, but P. pleianthum, a native of Formosa, suc-
ceeds better when afforded a little protection from frost.
P. versipelle somewhat resembles this species, the flowers
being more hidden from view by the uppermost leaf. The
plant from which our illustration was prepared was pre-
sented to Kew in 1903 by Messrs. J. Veitch & Sons, who
introduced this species into cultivation through their col-
lector, Mr. E. H. Wilson. It is found in the woods and
ravines of Western China. P. peltatum (B. M. t. 1819),
has been in cultivation for a very long period ; as early as
1664, according to Evelyn, ‘* Kalendarium,” 164, p. 67, as
Anapodophylinm. It has white flowers, and is commonly
SepremMBeER Ist, 1907. ‘
known as the May-Apple or American Mandrake. The
leaves and root of this plant are poisonous, but the fruit is
edible.
This species was first collected in fissures of rocks
in the Lofau Mountains, Kwantung, by the Rev. B. C.
Henry, and in barren places in the same region by the
Rev. E. Faber and Mr. C. Ford; and it has since been
collected in several localities in the Provinces of Hupeh
and Szechuen, by Dr. A. Henry and Mr. E. H. Wilson.
Descr.—Rhizome perennial. Stems annual, erect,
glabrous, pale green. Cavline leaves 2, lower long, upper
shortly, centrally or subcentrally peltate, the upper one
overtopping the terminal and sessile inflorescence, orbi-
cular in outline, more or less deeply 5—9-lobed, largest 10
in. in diameter, glabrous above, sparsely pilose beneath ;
nerves impressed above, slightly prominent below ; lobes
ovate, ovate-oblong, or sometimes slightly trilobed, about
4 in. long and 3 in. broad, margins subulate-denticulate.
Cyme umbelliform, sessile, often 8-flowered. Pedicels
pendulous, up to 2 in. long, slightly thickened at the apex,
glabrous or shortly pilose. Flowers deep crimson.
Sepals 6, oblong-elliptic, $ in. long, 4 in. broad, obtuse,
shortly pilose outside, glabrous inside. Petals 6, oblong-
elliptic, #-1 in. long, 4-4 in. broad, obtuse, glabrous on
both sides. Stamens 6, filaments flattened, 4 in. long,
glabrous; anthers about 4 in. long, connective thick,
obtuse at the apex. Ovary ellipsoid, glabrous ; style short,
stigma large, peltate. Ovules indefinite—J. Hurcutnson.
Fig. 1. margin of leaf; 2, anthere and pistil :—all enlarged.
8155.
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Tap. 8155;
BIGELOVIA GRAVEOLENS,
North America.
CoMPosITAE. Tribe AstE KOIDEAE,
Bigetovia, DC.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1232.
Bigelovia graveolens, A. Gr. in Proc. Am. Acad. 1873, vol. viii. p, 641; Syn.
Fl. N. Am. vol. i. pt. 2, p. 1389; inter affines ramis junioribus albo-
tomentosis et pappo molli distinguitur.
Frutee in culto usque ad 3 m. altus. Caulis basi 5 cm. diametro, dense
ramosus, ramulis ultimis corymbosis pendulis. Folia alterna, conferta,
glabrescentia, crassiuscula, linearia, 3-7 cm. longa, acuta. Capitula
homogama, discoidea, numerosissima, corymhosa, brevissime pedunculata,
d-flora, angusta, circiter 15 cm. longa. Involucri bracteae circiter 6-
seriatae, lanceolatae, acutae, carinatae, scariosae, infimae minores, 2-3 mm.
longae. Flores flavi. Corolla regularis, tubulosa, 5-striata, lobis sub-
erectis vix acutis. Antherae exsertae, apice appendiculatae. Styli rami
elongati, pubescentes, longe exserti, divaricati. Achaenia subcylindrica,
hirsuta. Pappi setae numerosae, inaequales, longiores corollae tnbum
aequantes, molles, puberulae.—Chrysocoma graveolens, Nutt. Gen. N. Am.
Pl. vol. ii. p. 186. Iinosyris graveolens, Torr. & Gray Fl. N. Am.
vol. ii. p. 234. Chrysocoma nauseosa, Pursh, F]. Am. Sept. vol. ii. p. 517.
Chrysothamnus nauseosus, Britton in Brit. & A. Br. Fl. N. U.S. & Can.
vol. iii. p. 826 cum figura.
Bigelovia graveolens, as defined by A. Gray, is a very
variable plant, of which he distinguishes five varieties,
and he gives the height as 1 to 3 ft. Britton and Brown
say 1 to 6 ft., and under cultivation, trained to a wall,
grows considerably higher. At Kew it is grown against
the wall at the north end of the Herbaceous ground, and
it is pruned every season. At present the plant covers
about 8 square yards, and it is very conspicuous when
covered with its large clusters of bright yellow flower-
heads. It has a wide range of distribution, extending
from British Columbia to New Mexico, and it grows
naturally in sterile and especially alkaline soils. Mr. W.
Watson contributes the following notes :—‘‘ Kew is in-
debted to the Rev. Canon Ellacombe for this shrub. He
sent a small plant for identification in 1900, and it has
now stood four winters without protection. Last year it
was in full flower in mid-October, and so continued about
a month. It might be called a shrubby Golden Kod, the
big crowded corymbose clusters of yellow flowers being
SEPTEMBER Ist, 1907.
not unlike those of some of the Solidagos. The leaves
have a strong aromatic odour, not unlike tansy. At Kew
the plant requires the protection of a wall, but further
south it would no doubt be quite hardy in the open. It
is easily propagated from stem-cuttings, and it is quite
the sort of shrub for collections of showy and interesting
plants ; its habit of flowering so late in the year giving it
a special value. 8. Douglast, a smaller flowered species,
is also cultivated at Kew.”
Deser.—Shrubby, growing to at least 6 to 8 ft..high in
cultivation. Stem as much as 2 in. in diameter at the
base, much branched upwards; flowering branches corym-
bose, pendulous, tomentose, white. Leaves alternate,
crowded, glabrescent, rather thick, linear, 1-3 in. long,
acute. lower-heads very numerous, corymbose, shortly
stalked, 5-flowered, narrow, about 2 in. long. Bracts of
the involucre in about 6 series, lanceolate, acute, the
lowest smallest, about 4 in. long. lowers yellow, all
tubular. Corolla regular, 5-striped, lobes nearly erect,
scarcely acute. Style-branches elongated, pubescent, much
exserted, spreading. Achenes nearly cylindrical, hairy.
FPappus of numerous, unequal bristles, the longest equal-
ling the corolla-tube.-—W. Borrinc Hemstey.
Fig. 1, a head of flowers; 2, a flower ; 3, a bristle of the pappus; 4, anthers;
6, style-arms :—all enlarged.
8156 —
M.S.ael. IN.Fitch lith
LL. Reeve & G° Landon.
Tas. 8156.
PRUNUS BgsseEyI.
North-Western United States.
Rosaceak. Tribe PRUNEAE.
Prunus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 609.
Prunus (§ Cerasus) Besseyi, Bailey in Bull. Cornell Agric. Exp. Stat. No. 70,
p- 261 (1894); Britton & Brown, Illustr. Flora N. United States, vol. ii.
p. 251, fig. 2019; De Wild., Icon. Hort. Then. vol. iii. t. 112; Spath. in
Gartenfl. 1908, p. 551; P. pumilae et P: cuneatae arcte affinis, ab illa
tamen habitu majus compressa foliisque basin versus latioribus, ab hac
foliorum laminis firmulis petiolisque brevioribus et fructu majore satis
recedit.
Frutex nanus, compactus, interdum prostratus, *6-1°2 m. altus, omnino glaber.
Folia decidua, elliptica, elliptico-lanceolata vel parum subobovata, 2°5-6
cm. longa, 1°5-1'75 cm. lata, margine basi cuneata nonnunquam integra
excepta minute serrata, supra viridia, subtus pallidiora, utrinque hebetia,
distincte petiolata ; stipulae 3-4 mm. longae, serratae, lores in fasciculos ©
2-4-floros ad ramulorum anni superioris nodos congesti, singuli 1°5 em.
lati, pedicellis floriferis 1:25 em. longis. Calyx campanulatus, 5-lobus;
lobis ovatis glanduloso-serratis demum reflexis. Petala ovato-oblonga,
alba, 8 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata. Drupae late ovatae, 1°5 cm. longae, 1 cm.
diam.. primo pruinosae, purpurascentes, demum nigricantes; pedicelli
fructigeri plus minusve refracti, 2 cm. longi.—P. pumila, var. Besseyi,
Waugh ; Bailey in Cyclop. of Amer. Hort. p. 1451 (1901).—D. Pray.
There are three dwarf Cherries of North America that
constitute a well-marked and homogeneous group. They
are Prunus pumila, L., P. cuneata, Raf., and P. Besseyi,
Bailey. All three are known as “ Sand-Cherries”’ in the
United States, and in a strictly botanical sense can only
be regarded as varieties of one species. Professor Bailey
himself, in the Cyclopedia of American Horticulture,
p- 1451 (1901), has adopted this view. In geographical
distribution, P. Besseyi is the most western of the group,
being found in the States of Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas,
Utah, &c. It is a characteristic undershrub of the
Nebraska sand-hills. P. pumila differs in its taller, less
compact habit, and in its oblanceolate or spathulate leaves ;
and P. cuneata is distinguished by its smaller fruits, its
longer petioles, and thinner leaves.
In the hot, dry plains east of the Rocky Mountains,
P. Bessey promises to become a valuable fruit-bearing
shrub. It had already been cultivated to some extent in
SeptemBer Ist, 1907.
Colorado, under the popular name of “Dwarf Rocky
Mountain Cherry,” previous to its recognition as a species
by Prof. Bailey. The fruit is variable in quality, with a
flavour comparable to that of a Morello Cherry. Cultiva-
tion and selection will, no doubt, eliminate whatever may
be excessive in the bitterness and astringency of the wild
fruits. Mr. C. E. Pennock, Fort Collins, Colorado, who
was one of the first to detect the economic value of this
Cherry, mentions, as evidence of its wonderful productive-
ness in that State, that he has picked sixteen quarts of
fruit from a three-year-old bush, and eighty cherries from
a branch 12 in. long. It will not be of any economic
value in the British Isles, but it is worth the notice of fruit-
growers in South Africa and Australia, or wherever the
summer conditions approximate to those of Colorado.
The plant from which our figure was prepared is one
of a batch sent to Kew by Professor Sargent, in 1900,
from the Arnold Arboretum. They have flowered during
‘the last three years, and in early May, when the growths
of the preceding summer are crowded with fascicles of
white flowers, make a charming display. The fruit has
not, hitherto, been produced in sufficient abundance at
Kew, to count among the ornamental qualities of the plant.
The species is quite hardy. |
Descr.—A dwarf, compact, sometimes prostrate shrub,
2-4 ft. high, deciduous, glabrous in every part. Leaves
elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate or slightly obovate, 1-24 in.
long, serrate, or the basal part often entire, greyish green.
Stipules subulate, serrate. Fascicles of 2 to 4 flowers pro- ©
duced in May at the nodes of the previous season’s
branches. Flowers 3 in. in diameter, on pedicels } in.
long. Calyx green, 5-lobed; lobes ovate, glandular-ser-
rate, finally reflexed. Petals white. Drupes on stout,
more or less depressed pedicels, 3 in. long, at first covered
ssh a purplish bloom, black when quite ripe.—W. J.
BAN,
Fig. 1, a partially expanded flower; 2, section through the receptacle ;
3 and 4, anthers :—all enlarged. “
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CONTENTS OF No. 33, SEPTEMBER, 1907.
Tas. 8152—ACONITUM NAPELLUS.
ay ,», 8153.—ANGRAECUM INFUNDIBULARE. :
he » 8154—PODOPHYLLUM VERSIPELLE. = *
ce » 8155.—BIGELOVIA GRAVEOLENS. .
,, 8156.——PRUNUS BESSEYLI.
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8157
wi
Peet habla :
SRR Reiae se Nes:
a > etcgatnine? AY
MS. del, J.N Fitch ho. Vincent Brocks,Day &Son Lt? imp.
L. Reeve &C® Landa.
Tas. 8157.
FERULA communis var. BREVIFOLIA.
Mediterranean Countries.
UMBELLIFERAE. Tribe PEUCEDANEAE.
Frruna, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 917. —
Ferula communis, Linn., var. brevifolia, Mariz, in Bol. Soc. Brot. vol. xii.
(1895), p. 207; a typo foliorum segmentis ultimi ordinis brevioribus
(interdum brevissimis) differt. ;
Herba perennis, gigantea, ad 3 m. alta, glaberrima, caule basi ad 10 cm. crasso.
Folia ampla, laete viridia, pinnato-multisecta, laciniis ultimi ordinis
tenuibus lineari-filiformibus, nunc 3-5 mm. nunc 10-20 mm. longis sed
in eodem folio subaequalibus acutis; petioli foliorum basalium inferne
longe dilatati, superiorum in vaginam amplam semiamplexicaulem
abeuntes ; vaginae summae subaphyllae. Umbel/ae compositae in thyrsum
1 m. vel ultra longum collectae, centrales breviter, laterales longiuscule
pedunculatae, 16-24-radiatae, radiis subaequalibus 2-3 cm. longis,
involucro nullo vel oligophyllo phyllis quam radiis multo brevioribus
membranaceis lanceolatis. Umbellulae 20-(vel ultra) radiatae, radiis
5-8 mm. longis, involucello mono- vel diphyllo, phyllis linearibus vel
setaceis brevibus. Sepala ad dentes minutos redacta. Petala ovato-
oblonga, lutea, inflexo-acuminata, integra. Styli divergentes, demum
reflexi. Fructus ambitu ellipticus vel obovato-ellipticus, a dorso valde com-
pressus, 12-16 mm. longus, 7-11 mm. latus; mericarpia margine dilatato
compresso cincta, jugis 3 dorsalibus filiformibus, lateralibus 2 in marginem
immersis, vittis in valleculis 2-3, in commissura 4-6; carpophorum
bipartitum. Semina plano-convexa.—F. brevifolia, Link in Roem. & Schult.
Syst. Veg. vol. vi. p. 592 et in Hoffmansegg & Link, Flore Portug. p. 416,
t. 108, a. F. nodiflora, Guss. Syn. FI. Sic. vol. i. p. 353, non Linn.
F. nodiflora, var. monspeliensis, Gren. & Godr. Fl. Frang., vol. i. p. 692.
FP. Linkii, Webb & Berth., Fl. Canar., Phyt. iii. p. 160, t. 75. 2. communis,
var. nodiflora, Fiori & Paol., Fl. Anal. d’Ital. vol. ii. p. 176.
The plant figured here was raised from a rootstock
communicated by Vice-Consul G. P. Hunot, from Safti,
Marocco, in 1886, which flowered in December, 1892. It
represents a form of Ferula communis, characterised by
shorter ultimate leaf segments, which occurs along with
the typical form almost throughout the area of the species.
This area extends from the Canaries and Portugal to
Constantinople and Syria, excluding North-east <Africa,
The leaf chosen for the accompanying plate represents a
condition somewhat intermediate between the two forms, but
in other leaves of the same individual plant the length of
the ultimate segments varied from } to } of an inch,
Ocroser, 1907.
Similar and even greater variations are evident in another
specimen of this plant, of unknown origin, which was
grown at Kew as Ferula Linkii, but there is no doubt that
specimens occur in which the ultimate segments of all
the leaves are reduced to 4 to $ of an inch. Such speci-
mens were originally described as distinct species, e.g.
F’. brevifolia, Link, and F. Linkii, Webb & Berth. This
form with short segments seems to prevail in certain
localities and bears the character of a well-established race.
Particular interest attaches to this plant, for the problem
of the origin of the gum ammoniac (Fashook) of Marocco
has been solved owing to its successful cultivation at
Kew. This gum was originally referred to Ferula orientalis,
L., a plant confined to the Orient, and later on to F.
tingitana, which is a native of Marocco. But the figure
given by Jackson, Account of Marocco, ed. 3, p. 136, t. 7, of -
the leaf of the Fashook plant made this identification very
doubtful. Sir Joseph Hooker, and afterwards Sir William
Thiselton-Dyer, therefore enlisted the services of Mr. G. P.
Hunot, then British Vice-Consul at Saffi, amongst others,
to procure authentic specimens of the plant yielding the
Fashook gum, with the result that its source is now traced
to Ferula communis. A full account of the history of the
drug will be given shortly in the Kew Bulletin.
Deser.—A herb, sometimes 10 feet high, quite glabrous.
Stem 4 in. thick at the base. Leaves bright green, very
large, much dissected, ultimate segments linear-filiform,
3-% In. long, lower petioles widened at the base, upper
replaced by large sheaths. Umbels compound in a thyrse,.
3 feet or more long, the central shortly, the lateral longer
peduncled, with 16-24 rays about 1 in. long and with or
without an involucre of a few short membranous leaves.
Umbellules of 20 or more rays, $1 in. long; involucel of
1 or 2 linear or filiform short leaves. Petals ovate-
oblong, entire, yellow with an inflexed tip. Styles at
length reflexed. Fruit elliptic or obovate-elliptic, dorsally
very much compressed, 3-2 in. long, 4-3 in. broad; meri-
carps with 3 filiform dorsal ridges and a narrow thickened
margin ; intrajugal oil-tubes 2—3 ; commissural oil-tubes 4-6 ;
carpophore bipartite. Seed plano-convex.—Orro SrapPr.
Cultiv—The plant raised from the rootstock presented #
by Mr. G. P. Hunot in 1886 has been cultivated in a pot in
a greenhouse, except during summer, when it has stood in
the open air exposed to full sunshine. The leaves have
always died in the autumn and new ones have started in
winter, but no flowers were. developed except in December,
1892, when the present figure was made. Like the ordinary
state of Kerula communis, this variety is a highly ornamental
plant even when it is not in flower. Although the Kew
plant has received glass-house treatment, itis possible that it
would thrive out of doors, as typical erula communis does,
but it has not been tried owing to the time of year when
the new leaves are developed. The soil used for it is a
sandy peat, and whilst the plant is at rest it is kept quite
dry. The plant is one that ought to thrive in countries
such as the Cape of Good Hope and California.—
W. Warson.
Fig. 1, male flower; 2, hermaphrodite flower; 3 and 4, fruits (semimature) ;
5, cross-section through a carpel; 6, cross-section through a semimature fruit;
7, whole plant :—1-6, enlarged; 7, reduced.
8158
is
MS. del JN Fitch ith
Vincent Brooks,Day &SonLéimp
3)
od
Fs
4
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Tas. 8158.
ROSA SoULIEANA.
Western China.
RosaceaE. Tribe Rosean. . j
Rosa, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 625.
Rosa (§ Systylae) Soulieana, Crépin in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 1896, vol. xxxv.
Comptes Rendus, p. 21; species R. moschatae, Mill., proxima; differt foliis
minoribus, foliolis ovalibus utrinque rotundatis, pedunculis minus glandu-
losis et sepalis breviter acuminatis.
Frutex robustus, habitu R. caninae, 2-8 m. altus, aculeis rectis vel in ramis
floriferis curvatis basi latis crebre armatus, praeter glandulas parvas
breviter stipitatas glaber. Folia pallide viridia, 5-9-foliolata, plerumque
7-foliolata, maxima 10 cm. longa sed saepius 6-8 cm. longa. oliola ovalia,
ovata vel ovato-oblonga, interdum usque ad 3 cm. longa, brevissime
petiolulata, minute serrulata; rhachis aculeolata. Stipulae latae, adnatae,
minute glanduloso-marginatae, parte libera acutae. Flores eburnei, circiter
4 cm. diametro, in corymbos compositos amplos densos terminales dispositi,
vel interdum in ramis brevibus lateralibus solitarii; pedunculi graciles,
glandulis minimis instructi. Calyx inconspicue glandulosus ; lobis breviter
acuminatis integris vel paucidentatis. Petala emarginata. Ovaria pilosa,
stylis persistentibus. Fructus ovoideus vel fere globosus, circiter 1°5 cm.
diametro maximo, aurantiaco-cinnabarinus.
Rosa Soulieana is one of the most desirable of the single
white roses, both in flower and fruit. Kew received it from
Messrs. de Vilmorin in 1899, and it may be seen to great
advantage in the Rose Valley near the Pagoda. It differs
from R. moschata in the smaller leaves, usually oval leaflets
rounded at both ends, shortly stalked glands on the
peduncles and in the shorter tails of the sepals.
R. Brunonii, Lindl. (B.M. t. 4030) often erroneously
written Brunonis, and quoted as a synonym of &. moschata,
Mill., is easily distinguished by its very hairy peduncles.
There are wild specimens of this species in the Kew
Herbarium from various localities in the province of
Kwangtung. In foliage it is much nearer &. Soulieana
than it is to R. moschata. :
On the authority of the late Professor Crépin, in Bull.
Soc. Bot. Belg., 1905, vol. xxxiv. Comptes-fendus, p. 57,
the plant figured in the Magazine (t. 7421) as R. Luciae,
Franch. et Rochebr., is not that species, but is his &.
OctTosER, 1907.
Wichuraiana. On the other hand, the plant described by
Bentham, F7. Hongk., p. 106, under the name of R. moschata
is R. Luciae.
Descr.—A very robust species of suberect habit,
forming bushes at least 8 ft. high and as much through,
armed with curved prickles or with straight ones in the
barren branches. Leaves pale-green, usually with seven
leaflets, the largest 4 in. long, usually 24 to 3 in. long.
Leaflets oval, ovate or ovate-oblong, rarely more than 1 in.
long, minutely serrate, axis usually furnished with a few
small prickles. Stipules adnate, acute, with marginal glands.
Flowers ivory-white, about 14 in. across, very numerous, in
compound, dense, terminal corymbs, or sometimes solitary
on short lateral branchlets. Peduncles slender, slightly
glandular. Calyz-lobes shortly tailed, entire or furnished
with a few small teeth. Petals emarginate. Ovaries pilose ;
styles connate. Mruit orange-vermilion, ovoid or nearly
globose, a little over 4 in. in its greatest diameter.—
W. Borrrye Hemsiery.
Cultiv.—One of the most vigorous of all Roses, this new
Chinese species is, in consequence, better adapted for semi-
wild places than it is for the more trimly kept parts of the
garden. On young plants the growths of a single year
are sometimes 10 feet to 12 feet long. In June, when its
numerous clusters of white flowers are open, it is very
beautiful, as it is again in autumn, when the clusters of
small fruits have turned to a soft red. But apart from
these, the luxuriant mass of smooth grey foliage out of
which are thrust the long, arching shoots of the year, is in
itself attractive. Roses are notoriously gross feeders, and
f. Soulieana is not one of the exceptions. It should be
planted in good, rather heavy loam, in a position fully
exposed to the sun, with abundant space to grow in.—
W. J. Bran.
Fig. 1, portion of a flowering-branch showing the prickles; 2, longitudinal
section of a receptacle; 3, a young carpel :—all enlarged.
8159
“Vincent Brooks,Day& Son Lamp
M.8.46l, JW Fitch ith.
LReeve & C°Londan.
Tap. 8159,
TRIS VERNA.
United States.
IrmaceaAz. Tribe MORAEAE.
Tris, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 686.
Iris (Pardanthopsis) verna, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1. p. 39: Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 1,
vol. i. p. 78; Lodd. Oab. t. 1855; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 1, t. 68;
Britt. & Brown, Il, Fl. N. U. 8. vol. i. p. 452; a speciebus reliquis hujus
sectionis foliis linearibus scapoque unifloro differt.
Herba acaulis. Radix fibrosa. Folia linearia, 15-20 cm. longa, 6 mm. lata.
Scapus uniflorus; spathae 5-6 cm. longae, lanceolatae, virides; pedicelli
breves. Perianthii tubus viridis, violaceo-tinctus, 4 em. longus; segmenta
exteriora oblanceolata, acuta, imberbia, dilute violacea, 4 cm. longa, 1 em.
lata; ungues aurantiaci; segmenta interiora oblanceolata, acuta, violacea,
3 em. longa, 1 cm. lata. Styli rami 2 cm. longi; cristae 8 mm. longae,
3 mm. latae.—ZJ. virginiana pumila, sive Chamaeiris verna angustifolia, flore
purpureo-caeruleo odorato, Pluk. Almag. p. 198; Phytogr. t. 196, f. 6.
Although Iris verna was cultivated by Philip Miller as
long ago as 1739, and has been re-introduced from time to
time, it has never become a familiar plant in English
gardens. This may be due to its having been confused by
some of the earlier botanical and horticultural writers with
the well-known and popular Jris cristata, but in that
species the outer perianth lobes are crested, whereas in J.
verna they are naked. The home of J. verna is in the
Eastern States of North America, from Pennsylvania to
Virginia, Kentucky, and Georgia. J. cristata is figured in
this work at t. 412. .
Descr.—A. stemless herb with fibrous roots. Leaves
linear, finely veined, 6-8 in. long, $ in. broad. Stem none.
Scape 1-flowered; spathes 2-24 in. long, lanceolate, green ;
pedicels short. erianth-tube green tinted with violet,
1d in. long; falls oblanceolate, acute, glabrous, pale violet,
14 in. long, 3 in. broad; claws orange ; standards oblanceo-
late, acute, violet, 14 in. long, 3 in. broad. Style arms 2 in.
long ; crests } in. long, } in. broad.—T. F. Carpp.
Cultiv.—The specimen figured was forwarded by Mr. R. I.
Lynch, A.L.S., Curator of the Botanic Gardens, Cambridge,
with the explanation that it had been grown under glass,
Ooroper, 1907,
At Kew also it is cultivated in pots in a cold frame and
exhibited when in flower, usually in April, in the Alpine
House; for, although it is hardy and grows quite freely out
of doors both in the rock-garden and in the Jris beds, it
rarely flowers there. In this respect it differs from the
remaining members of the Pumila section, to which it
belongs, as they flower profusely in the open air every
spring. Probably J. verna would be more at home in the
warmer parts of England, such as South Devon and Corn-
wall. The flowers are fragrant.—W. Warson.
Figs. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, stigma :—enlarged.
8160
ch. .
MS.del.IINFitchlith : Vincent Brooks Day& Son Lt" amp
L-Reeve 2 C° Lendon.
Tas. 8160,
BULBOPHYLLUM. picnromum.
Annam,
ORCHIDACEAE. ‘Tribe EPIpENDREAE.
BULBOPHYLLUM, Thouars; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 501.
Bulbophyllum dichromum, /iolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1907, p. 128; a B. fusco-
purpureo, Wight, sepalis lateralibus apice connatis et petalis brevibus
ciliatis nec longe setiferis differt. ?
Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma validum. Pseudobulbi ovoideo-oblongi, obscure
tetragoni, circa 5 em. longi, monophylli. lia petiolata, coriacea, oblonga,
obtusa, circa 17 em. longa, 45 em. lata; petiolus 5 em. longus. Scapus
suberectus, circa 25 em. longus, basi vaginis oblongis subobtusis tectus ;
racemus laxus, circa 12-florus. Bracteae ovato-oblongae, acutae, 8-10 mm.
longae. Hedicelli subgraciles, 2°5-3 em. longi. Flores speciosi, vitellini,
labello purpureo. Sepalwm posticum ovato-oblongum, subacutum, concavum,
2 cm. longum; sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta, apice connata et leviter
recurva, facie minutissime puberula. Petala patentia, oblique triangularia,
breviter acuminata, ciliata, 4 mm. longa, basi latissima, columnae pedi
adnata. SLabellum carnosum, trilobum, 8 em. longum ; lobi laterales oblongi,
recurvi, 8 mm. longi, apice denticulati; lobus intermedius recurvus, late
oblongus, obtusus, convexus, minutissime papillosus, 5 mm. longus; discus
bicarinatus, profande canaliculatus. Co/umna latissima, 5 mm. longa, alis
crassis acutis; pes 5 mm. longus.
Bulbophyllum is a large and remarkably polymorphic
genus, extending throughout the tropics of both hemispheres.
Upwards of five hundred species have already been described,
and although the great majority are not sufficiently attractive |
for general cultivation, there are numerous striking excep-
tions. Already more than twenty species have been
figured in the Botanical Magazine, several of them being
very remarkable in character. B. Beccarii, Reichb. f.
(t. 6567), a Bornean species, is the giant of the genus;
it has an odour that is extremely disagreeable. B. grandi-
florum, Blume (t. 7787), a native of New Guinea, is
equally remarkable for the size of its individual flowers.
B. barbigerum, Lindl. (t. 5288), a native of West Tropical
Africa, is remarkable for its large hairy lip, so delicately
balanced as to oscillate in the slightest breeze. B. lemnis-
catum, Lindl. (t. 5961), a native of Burma, has a long
club-shaped appendage suspended from the back of each
OcroBER, 1907.
sepal, and is quite unique in structure. B. Weddellii,
Reichb. f. (t. 7958), from Brazil, has a very curiously marked
and delicately mobile lip. Other interesting peculiarities
characterize B. auricomum, Lindl. (t. 7938), B. comosum,
Coll. & Hemsl. (t. 7283), B. macranthum, Lindl. (t. 7208),
B. Eriessoni, Kranzl. (t. 8088), B. crenulatum, Rolte
(t. 8000), B. reticulatum, Batem. (5605), and B. Dayanum,
Reichb. f. (t. 6119).
The species now figured, if less remarkable in structure
than several of the preceding, is more showy in colour, and.
promises to be a very attractive garden plant, the dark
purple lip forming a striking contrast to the bright yellow
sepals and petals, while the inflorescence is very graceful.
It was introduced by Messrs. Sander & Sons, St. Albans,
about two years ago, and flowered at the Royal Botanic —
Garden, Glasnevin, in February last, when it was sent to
Kew for determination by Mr. F. W. Moore, A.L.S.
Deser.—An epiphytic herb with stout woody rhizome.
Pseudobulbs ovoid-oblong, obscurely 4-angled, about 2 in.
long, l-leaved. Leaves stalked, coriaceous, oblong, obtuse,
about 6 in. long, 12 in. broad; petiole 2 in. long. Scape
suberect, 9-10 in. long, with 2 or 3 oblong, obtuse sheaths
at the base; raceme lax, about 12-flowered. Bracts ovate-
oblong, acute, } in. long. Pedicels rather slender, | in. or
more long. Flowers conspicuous, deep yellow with a dark
purple lip. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong, subacute, concave,
# in. long; lateral sepals lanceolate, acute, connate at the
apex and slightly recurved, minutely puberulous on the face.
Petals spreading, obliquely triangular, shortly acuminate,
ciliate, } in. long, base very broad, adnate to the foot of the
column. Lip fleshy, 3-lobed, + in. long; side-lobes oblong,
recurved, } inch long, denticulate at the apex; front-lobe
recurved, broadly oblong, obtuse, convex, minutely papillose,
$ in. long; disc with two keels separated by a deep channel.
Column broad, } in. long; wings fleshy, acute; foot } in.
long.—R. A. Roure. a
Fig. 1, flower, with sepals partly removed; 2, column ; 3, anther-cap; 4 and 5,
pollinia : —all enlarged,
8/6)
M.S del, JN-Fitch ith. Vincent Brooks, Day &Son Lemp
L.Reeve & C? London
Tan. 8161.
PAEONIA Campessepestt.
Balearic Islands and Corsiea.
RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe PAEONTEAE.
PaxontA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 10.
Paeonia Cambessedesii, Wilik. Illustr. Fl. Hisp. et Ins. Balear. vol. i. p. 104,
t. 65a; affinis P. corallinae, Retz, sed foliis subtus pulchre purpurascenti-
bus et carpellis erectis glabris purpurascentibus differt.
Perennis, herbacea, circiter 0°5 m. alta, caulibus glabris erectis flexuosis
simplicibus sulcatis unifloris. Folia ternato-pinnatisecta ; segmenta ovato-
lanceolata . vel oblonga, acuta, integra, glabra, supra intense viridia,
subtus purpurascentia, nervis utrinque distinctis supra impressis subtus
leviter elevatis. Flores rosei, solitarii, erecti, circiter 9 cm. diametro.
Sepala inaequalia, viridia. Petala 5-10, rosea, late obovata, membranacea,
marginibus crenulata. Stamina numerosa, filamentis purpureis, antheris
flavis. Carpella 5-7, erecta, demum divergentia, glabra, purpurea, nitida,
stigmate recurvato.—P. corallina, var. fructibus glabris, Cambess. Knum. Pl.
Balear. p. 33; Costa Fl. de Catal. p. 9; Rodrigu Catal. Pl. Men. p. 2 et 100;
Mares et Vigin. Catal. Rais. Pl. Balear. p. 12.—P. corallina, var. Cambes-
sedesii, Willk. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. et Ind. Pl. Vasc. Balear. in Linnaea,
vol. xl. p. 183; Barcelo, Flora de las Balear. p. 18.
There are two distinct sections of Paeonia in cultivation,
both of which are exceedingly ornamental and useful for
garden purposes. Thé well-known Moutan, or Tree Paeony,
P. Moutan, Sims, is the only representative of one section,
whilst the other consists of numerous herbaceous species.
About twenty-five species are recognised in the genus;
all are natives of Europe and Asia, except P. Brownii,
Dougl., a relatively inconspicuous species, which inhabits
Western North America from San Bernardino, in California,
to British Columbia.
P. Cambessedesii is a native of the Balearic Islands and
Corsica, and we are indebted to Miss Frances Geoghegan,
of Glasnevin, Dublin, for the introduction of this pretty
species to cultivation. It was collected by her in the
Island of Majorca, where it was found in 1896, growing in
a rocky, almost inaccessible spot on Cape Formentor. Our
drawing was made from an offset of Miss Geoghegan’s
original plant, which flowered in April of the present year, —
OctoBER, 1907.
in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. P. corallina,
Retz, its nearest ally, differs in having glaucous-green,
never purple, leaves, and hairy carpels.
Descr.—A herbaceous perennial, usually about a foot and
a half high. Stems glabrous, erect, flexuose, simple, one-
flowered. eaves ternately pinnatisect; segments ovate-
lanceolate or oblong, acute, entire, glabrous, deep-green
above, purple below; nerves distinct on both sides, im-
pressed above, slightly elevated below. Flowers deep rose-
pink, solitary, erect, usually about three and a half inches
in diameter. Sepals unequal, green. Petals five to ten,
broadly obovate, membranous, crenulate. Stamens nume-
rous ; filaments purple; anthers yellow. Carpels five to
seven, erect, at length divergent, glabrous, purple, shining ;—
stigma recurved.—J. HuTcHinson.
Cultiv.—As a garden plant P. Cambessedesii has the
same claims as P. officinalis, P. peregrina, P. corallina and
the other species of the herbaceous section which are now
represented in gardens by a host of hybrid and seedling
forms. For its cultivation the treatment that answers for
these, a rich deep soil and a fair amount of moisture, will be
found suitable. It is perhaps not generally understood that
herbaceous Paeonies will grow almost as well under the
partial shade of trees as they do in the open, exposed to full
sunshine. They are therefore serviceable for grouping
along with hardy ferns and the like—W. Warson.
Figs. 1 and 2, stamens; 8, young carpel; 4, ripe fruit:—1-8, enlarged ;
4, natural size. eo eee e
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ARCTOTIS DECURRENS.
South Africa,
ComposiTaAE. Tribe ARCTOTIDEAR.
Arototis, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 458.
Arctotis decurrens, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. vol. ii. p. 20, t. 165; Act. Hort. Kew,
1813, vol. v. p. 172; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. vol. iii. pp. 452, 457; Gard.
Chron, 1901, vol. xxix. p. 214; species ex affinitate 4. angustifoliae, Linn.,
= Pd bracteis involucratis glabris vel ciliatis et ligulis superne albis
i ert. ®
Herba pilosa, 60-90 cm. alta. Folia inferiora’ lyrata, parce pilosa, sub-
amplexicaulia, 30-40 em. longa, 5-7 cm. lata; lobi integri, terminales
obtusi, marginibus venisque subtus arachnoideo-tomentosis; superiora
sessilia, plus minusve integra, lanceolata, acuta, parce pilosa. Capitula
solitaria, 8 cm. diametro. Bracteae involucri herbaceae, adpressae;
exteriores oblongae, in caudam longam villosam attenuatae; interiores
obtusae, glabrae vel ciliatae. Flores radii supra albi, basim versus
atropurpureo-maculati, subtus purpureo-rubri. Flores disci 5-dentati;
dentes atropurpurei; tubus luteus. Achaenia (immatura tantum visa)
oblonga, basi acuta et pilis longis sericeis densissime instructa. Paleae
pappi oblongae, obtusae, undulatae, hyalino-purpurascentes,
We are indebted for specimens of this fine species of
Arctotis to Mr. W. E. Gumbleton, of Belgrove, Queenstown,
Ireland, who also furnished the specimens of Aretotis
Gumbletoni, figured in t. 7796. Writing in the Gardeners’
Chronicle in 1901, Mr. Gumbleton states that from a
packet of seeds sent him from Namaqualand, he only
succeeded in getting one to germinate. This plant, how-
ever, has flourished, and has bloomed for the sixth time
this year. In a recent letter, Mr. Gumbleton states that
though the plant blooms freely, it has not yet produced
mature seeds. He has tried by using its pollen, which it
has produced abundantly, to fertilise A. aspera, so far without
success.
Arctotis decurrens was originally introduced into this
country from the Cape, in 1794, and is mentioned by Aiton
in the Hortus Kewensis as being in cultivation at Kew in
1813. Itis to be hoped that Mr. Gumbleton will shortly
be successful in obtaining mature seeds, as a species so
NovemsEr, 1907.
distinct and ornamental certainly deserves to resume the
place it formerly held in our gardens.
Descr.—A_ herbaceous perennial 2-3 feet high, densely
ee towards the top of the peduncles. Lower leaves
yrate, sparsely pilose, 12-16 in. long, 2-23 in. broad;
lobes entire, obtuse, margins and undersurface of the veins
woolly. Upper leaves sessile, more or less entire, lanceolate,
acute, sparsely pilose. Flower-heads solitary, 3 in. in
diameter; involucral bracts herbaceous, appressed, outer
ones oblong, tapering into a long villous point, inner ones
obtuse, glabrous or ciliate. Ray flowers white above, with
a dark purple spot towards the base, reddish purple under-
neath. Disk-flowers 5-dentate; teeth dark purple; tube
yellow. Achenes (immature only seen) oblong, acute,
furnished at the base with a dense tuft of long, silky hairs.
Scales of the pappus obtuse, undulate, transparent, purple
in the centre.—T. F. Cuter.
Cultiv.—This handsome plant is a useful addition to the
several species of Arctotis which are grown in pots for the
decoration of the greenhouse in winter and spring, namely,
A. aspera, A. aureola and A. revoluta. These form shrubs,
the tallest 6 feet high, and with a little management they
become well furnished with branches which flower freely.
They are propagated by means of cuttingsand grow vigorously,
reaching 4 to 6 feet in height in about two years. They
thrive in a loamy soil, enjoying plenty of water at the root,
except in winter, when water must be given sparingly.
Like most of the plants of the order, they require plenty of
sunshine; the flowers close in dull weather.—W. WarTson.
Fig. 1, a ray-flower ; 2, pappus-scales; 3, an outer disk-flower ; 4, pappus-scale
of theisame; 5, anthers; 6, style-arms; 7, an intermediate disk-flower; 8, disk-
flower from centre :—all enlarged.
87163
Vincent Brooks Day& SonLé imp
M.S. del, JN-Fitch hth.
LReeve &C°? London.
Tas. 8163,
RHODODENDRON INTRICATUM.
China.
Exicacear. Tribe RHoDOREAE.
RuopopEnpkon, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii, p. 599.
Rhododendron (Osmothamnus) intricatum, Franch. in Journ. de Bot. 1895,
vol, ix. p. 395; Hemsl. in Gard. Chron. 1907, vol. xli. p. 262, f. 111; inter
Species sinenses hujus sectionis staminibus inclusis 2. thymifolio, Maxim.,
proxima, ab eo tamen differt imprimis floribus majoribus saepissime
quinatis.
Frutex densissime ramosus, demum 10-80 cm. altus, sed plantae cultae 10-15 em.
altae jam florentes. Rami primum ferrugineo-squamosi. Folia persis-
tentia, crassa, breviter petiolata, ovali-oblonga vel interdum fere orbicularia,
cum petiolo 0-5-1 cm. longa, utrinque densissime lepidota, subtus alba.
Perulae trimorphae, ciliatae, exteriores fere orbiculares, intermediae
spathulatae, exterioribus longiores, interiores lineares. Corymbi terminales
saepissime 5-flori. Flores brevissime pcdunculati, violacei vel lilacini,
antheris aurantiacis, circiter 2 cm. diametro. Calycis dentes brevissimi,
inaequales, triangulares, parce lepidoti. Corollae tubus brevis, intus
puberulus; lobi aequales, oblongi, rotundati, patentes, leviter undulati.
Stamina 10, corollae tubum vix excedentia. Ovariwm lepidotum ; stylus
glaber, quam stamina dimidio brevior. Oapsula circiter 0°5 cm. longa.—
Rhododendron nigro-punctatum, Hort., Gard. Chron. 1907, vol. xli. p. 225;
Journ. Hort. 3rd series, 1907, vol. liv. p. 8343 cum fig., non Franch.
Nearly a score of species of Rhododendron belonging to
the section Osmothamnus have been collected in China, and
at least half-a-dozen of these are closely allied to R.
intricatum, and are with difficulty distinguished in the dried
state. In foliage, especially, the resemblance is very strong ;
but they differ, some in having solitary flowers, some in
having long, exserted stamens, and in other not very
obvious characters. The species here figured was at first
taken to be &. nigro-punctatum, Franch., and Messrs. James
Veitch and Sons, to whom Kew is indebted for the plant
from which the present figure has been made, were awarded
a First Class Certificate for it under that name at a meeting
of the Royal Horticultural Society on April 2 of the present
year. Subsequently Prof. H. Lecomte kindly lent to Kew
the types of the numerous species described by the late
Mr. A. Franchet, and has thus made it possible to identify
our plant with 2. intricatum.
Novemssr, 1907.
Deser.—A. dwarf, densely branched shrub, flowering when
only 4 to 6 in. high, though eventually attaining, under
favourable conditions, a height of 18 in. Branches at
first clothed with red-brown scales. Leaves persistent,
thick, shortly stalked, oval-oblong or sometimes almost
orbicular, 4 to 4 in. long, densely scaly on both sides,
white beneath. Scales of the inflorescence trimorphic,
fringed ; outer almost orbicular; intermediate spathulate,
longer than the outer; inner linear. Trusses terminal,
usually 5-flowered. lowers very shortly stalked, violet or
lilac with orange-coloured ‘anthers, about # in. across.
Calyx-teeth very short, unequal, triangular, sparsely scaly.
Corolla-tube short, hairy within; lobes equal, oblong,
rounded, spreading, slightly undulate. Stamens 10, scarcely
exceeding the corolla-tube. Ovary scaly; styles smooth,
half as long as the stamens. Capsule about tin. long.—
W. Bortiyve Hems.ey.
Cultiv.—This new Chinese species promises to be a most
valuable acquisition. The dwarf alpine Rhododendrons
introduced from North India have not proved of much
value in Great Britain, being too tender and uncertain in
any but the milder parts of the kingdom. QR. intricatum,
from its behaviour at Coombe Wood, is evidently. hardier
than the Indian forms; and of its beauty ample evidence
was afforded by the group of plants exhibited at the
Horticultural Hall last spring by Messrs. Veitch. It will
no doubt thrive in soils similar to those that have been
found to suit its congeners from North India—either peat
and sand, or a sandy loam with peat added. The neat low
habit of the plant points to its suitability for the rockery
and alpine garden. It will also be a charming addition to
the Ericetum, where it can be associated with other
members of the family similar in habit.—W. J. Bran.
Fig. 1, a leaf, showing the under surface; 2, a scale from the same; 3, an
outer scale of the inflorescence; 4, an inner scale of the inflorescence ; 5, calyx
and pistil; 6, part of corolla and stamens; 7, stamen :—all enlarged.
Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lttimp
MS.del JN Puch hth.
=
L Reeve &C?
: Tap. 8164.
COELOGYNE LAWRENCEANA.
Annam. on
ORcHIDACEAR. Tribe EPIDENDREAR. Le,
CorLocyng, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 518.
nth
Coelogyne Lawrenceana, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1905, vol. xxxvii. p. 227;
Gard. Mag. 1905, p. 354, cum ic.; Orch. Rev. 1906, p. 39; a C. speciosa,
Lindl., scapo terminali multo longiore et labelli carinis fimbriatis differt.
Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma validum. Pseudobulbi ovoideo-oblongi, 5-7 em.
longi, 25-3 cm. lati, diphylli. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, basi attenuata,
20-27 cm. longa, circa 3 cm. lata. Scapi terminales, 17-20 cm. longi,
uniflori. Bracteae spathaceae, lanceolatae, striatae, 3-5 cm. longae.
Pedicelli circa 4 em. longi. Flores speciosi. Sepala patentia, lanceolato-
oblonga, subacuta, dorso carinata, 5-7 cm. longa, 2-2°5 cm. lata, flava.
Petala patentia, linearia, acuta, 5-7 cm.. longa, 4-5 mm. lata, flava.
Labellum trilobum, 5-6 cm. longum, basi subsaccatum; lobi laterales
erecti, oblongi, obtusi, 3 cm. longi, brunnei; lobus intermedius recurvus,
: late ovatus, apiculatus vel obtusus, undulatus, circa 3-3°5 cm. latus, albus,
infra apicem sulphureus; discus brunneus, apice tricarinatus, basi quinque-
cristatus. Columna clavata, incurva, circa 4 cm. longa, apice alata.
This handsome Coelogyne was discovered by Mr. W.
Micholitz when collecting in Annam for Messrs. Sander
& Sons, St. Albans, and living plants were sent home, one
of which flowered in the collection of Sir Trevor Lawrence,
Bart., at Burford, in March, 1905, when it was exhibited at
a meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society, and received
an Award of Merit. It is a very distinct species, best
comparable, among cultivated ones, to Coelogyne speciosa,
Lindl. (B.M. t. 4889), though readily distinguished by
its longer scape, which, moreover, is borne at the apex of
the mature pseudobulb, not from the centre of the young
growths. The details of the lip and keels are also quite
different. The plant here figured was presented to Kew by
Messrs. Sander, and it has since been grown in a warm
house.
The genus is widely diffused in India and the Malay
Archipelago, and a good many species are in cultivation,
varying considerably in habit and in the colour of the
flowers. Among those figured in this work may be
mentioned C. pandurata, Lindl. (t. 5084), a striking species
Novemspgg, 1907.
with green and black flowers ; C. Parishii, Hook. f. (t. 5323),
somewhat similar but much smaller; C. Veitchii, Rolte
(t. 7764), bearing drooping racemes of pure white flowers;
C. Massangeana, Reichb. f. (t. 6979); C. testacea, Lindl.
(t. 4785); C. Schilleriana, Reichb. f. (t. 5072); C. Cumingii,
Lindl. (t. 4645); C. corymbosa, Lindl. (t. 6955); C. elata,
Lindl. (t. 5001); C. odoratissima, Lindl. (t. 5462); C.
Rossiana, Reichb. f. (t. 7176); C. Swaniana, Rolfe (t. 7602) ;
C. graminifolia, Par. and Reichb. f. (t. 7006); and several
others.. The section Pleione, of which six species have also
been figured, is now regarded as a distinct genus,
Descr.—An epiphytic herb, with stout rhizomes. Pseudo-
bulbs ovoid-oblong, 2-3 in. long, 1-1} in. broad, 2-leaved.
_ Leaves broadly lanceolate, acuminate, attenuate at the base,
8-11 in. long, about 1} in. broad. Scape arising from the
apex of the matured pseudobulb, 7-8 in. long, 1-flowered.
Bracts spathaceous, lanceolate, striate, 14-14 in. long. Pedi-
cels 13 in. long. Sepals spreading, lanceolate-oblong, sub-
acute, 2-22 in. long, 3-14 in. broad, keeled at the back,
greenish yellow. Petals spreading, linear, acute, 2-23 in.
long, under } in. broad, yellow. Lip 3-lobed, 2-24 in. long,
obscurely saccate at the base; side-lobes erect, broadly
oblong, obtuse, 14 in. long, bright brown; front lobe
recurved, broadly ovate, obtuse or apiculate, slightly
undulate, about 13 in. long, white, with a sulphur-coloured
tint near the apex; disk marbled with bright brown, with
three fimbriate keels extending to the base, where two
additional smaller keels occur inside the lateral pair.
Column clavate, incurved, about 1} in. long, winged near
the apex.—R. A. Rors.
Fig. 1, column; 2, anther-cap; 3, whole plant:—1 and 2 enlarged; 8, much
reduced.
8765
MS. ae IN Fitch ith,
Vincent Brooks Day «Son Lt§ imp
L, Reeve & C°Landon.
Tas. 8165. 3
OLDENLANDIA DOLICHANTHA.
East Tropical Africa.
RupiacEaE. Tribe HEDYOTIDEAE.
OLDENLANDIA, Linn.; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 58.
Oldenlandia dolichantha, Stapf in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxxvii. (1906),
p. 518; affinis 0. rotatae, Baker, a qua foliis multo latioribus et corolla
multo majore ore villosa distincta.
Herba annua, erecta, ad 40 em. alta, plerumque glabra; caulis quadrangularis
vel subalatus, ramis nonnullis ad vel ultra 15 cm. longis, aliis ad foliorum
fasciculos reductis. Folia sessilia, e basi lata rotundata, lanceolata vel
linearia et tunc interdum breviter petiolata, acuta, 2°5-6 cm. longa,
2-10 mm. lata, patula vel deflexa; stipulae ad commissuram brevem
membranaceam parce fimbriatam redactae. Flores axillares, sessiles,
solitarii, vel 2-3-nati. Receptaculum turbinatum, glabrum. Calycis seymenta
4, lineari-subulata, 7-8 mm. longa, maturitate haud aucta, ualia.
Corolla hypocrateriformis, alba; tubus tenuis, ad 10 cm. longus, vix 1 mm.
diametro, sub limbo infundibuliformis et hic extus albo-papillosus, intus
ore pilosus; lobi 4, lanceolati, acuminati, 9-10 mm. longi. Antherae sub
ipso ore sessiles. Ovarium vertice conicum; stigma clavatum, vix
2-lobum, exsertum. Capsula ellipsoideo-ovoidea, 4-costata, apice dentibus
4 angustis dehiscens. Semina oblique ovoidea, laevissima, 0°6 mm.
longa.
This species was discovered by Mr. M. T. Dawe, Officer
in Charge of the Forestry and Scientific Department of the
Uganda Protectorate, in the Nile Province, Uganda, in 1905.
It claims attention chiefly on account of the pure milk-white
corolla-limbs which are almost an inch across and rest ‘on an
unusually long and slendertube. On it and on O. rotata the
writer established (l.c.) a new section (Conostomium) of.
Oldenlandia, and pointed out at the same time that a closer
examination of Oldenlandia may probably result in the
breaking up of that genus into several genera, one of which
would be Conostomium. Since then his attention has been
drawn to a new genus, Pentanopsis, described by Dr. Rendle
in 1898 and placed next to Pentas. Specimens of Pentanop-
sis recently received at Kew from Somaliland leave no
doubt as to the generic affinity of Pentanopsis and of Olden-
landia, section Conostomium; but at the same time they
confirm the view that they must either be placed in Olden-
landia or next to it. So far the species figured here is the
Novemsesr, 1907.
only one of this group the fruits and seeds of which are
known. For this reason and pending a general revision of
Oldenlandia it is preferable to leave open the question of the
status of Pentanopsis or Conostomium. The species of this
genus, subgenus or section, range from the Upper Nile and
Lake Rudolf to British Somaliland.
Descr.—An erect annual, generally glabrous, 1 foot high,
with quadrangular or slightly winged stems, branches some
long, some reduced to tufts of leaves. Leaves sessile, lanceo-
late from a broad rounded base, or shortly petioled and
linear, 1 to 2 in. long, ~y to almost 3 in. wide; stipules
reduced to a membranous slightly fimbriate commissure.
Flowers sessile, axillary, solitary or in pairs or threes.
Receptacle glabrous. Calyx of 4 linear-subulate segments,
4 in. long. Corolla salver-shaped; tube about 4 in. long,
extremely slender, widened and externally papillose near
the mouth; limb almost an inch across, pure milk-white, of
4 lanceolate, acuminate lobes, villous at the mouth. Anthers
sessile just below the mouth of the corolla. Stigma club-
shaped, exserted. Capsule ellipsoid-ovoid, 4-ribbed, the
conical top dehiscing with 4 narrow valves. Seeds numerous,
obliquely ovoid, quite smooth, very small.—Orro Srapr.
Cultwv.—Although this plant as represented here does not
appear to have any great dati to favour as a garden plant,
it may prove as useful as many other plants of similar
character which form masses of stems and flower freely.
Mr. Dawe, who collected it in Uganda, has described it as
an attractive white-flowered herb. At Kew, grown in a
tropical house, it throve well and soon formed a plant
18 inches high, flowering freely in midsummer. The
flowers are fragrant.—W. Warson.
Fig. 1, portion of stem, showing stipules and axillary sessile flowers (corollas
cut off); 2, part of corolla, showing the throat and insertion of stamens;
3, stamen, from the back; 4, stigma :—all enlarged. .
87166
Vincent Brooks D ay &Son tt imp
MS.del J.N Fitch hth,
L Reeve & C° London.
Tas. 8166.
SHORTIA vwnIFtora.
_ Japan.
DIAPENSIACEAE. Tribe GALACINEAE.
Suortia, Torr, et A. Gr.; Benth, et Hovk. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 620.
Shortia uniflora, Maxim. in Bull. Acad, Petersb. vol, xvi. (1871), p. 225;
Mel. Biol. vol. viii. p. 20, in nota; Hindmarsh in Gard. Chron. 1902,
vol. xxxi. p. 837, f. iis: Flora & Sylva, 1905, vol. iii. p. 246, cum figura
nigra; a SS. galacifolia, Torr. et A. Gr., habitu prostrata, pedunculis
brevioribus a basi arcuatis et floribus majoribus roseis recedit.
Fruticulus sempervirens, repens, omnino glaber, 8-15 cm. altus. Folia conferta,
longe petiolata, rigida, cordato-orbicularia, saepius latiora quam longa,
2-3 cm. lata vel interdum in exemplaribus silvestribus usque ad 8 cm.
lata, crenato-dentata, crenis apiculatis, lucida, intra marginem zona rubra
ornata; petioli graciles, 2°5 interdum ad 10 cm. longi. Scapi numerosi,
semper uniflori, in exemp!aribus cultis folia superantes, in exemplaribus
silyestribus saepius quam folia breviores, basi incrassati, foliis paucis
spathulatis 1-2 em. longis et prophyllis 3 crassis lanceolatis acuminatissimis
circiter 1 cm longis suffulti, superne prope calycem bracteolis 3 e basi
lata cordata ovato-lanceolatis acutis 6-8 mm. longis instructi, saepius
singula paulloinferiore addita. Flores rosei,4-4°5 cm. diametro, subnutavtes.
Calycis segmenta crassa, fere libera, persistentia, valde imbricata, inaequalia,
lanceolata vel ovata, vix acuta, interiora altius inserta. Corolla late
campanulata; tubus brevis; limbi lobi 5, imbricati, leviter recurvi, ambitu
rotundati, irregulariter dentati. Stamina 5, petalis alterna, inter se
libera, tubo corollae usque ad apicem adnata, quam corollae lobi breviora;
antherae breves, dorso filamento adnatae. Stamznodia 5, squamiformia,
incurva, ovarium velantia. Ovariwm globosum, 3-loculare ; stylus filiformis,
stamina superans, stigmate obscure trilobo. Ovulda in loculis numerosa,
apap angulo interiori affixis inserta. Capsula globosa, loculicide
ehiscens, polysperma.—Schizocodon uniflorus, Maxim. Mel. Biol. vi. p. 274;
Honzo Zufu, vol. xvii. p. 27.
The Diapensiaceae consist of about half-a-dozen genera
and twice as many species of dwarf herbs and shrubs
inhabiting the temperate and arctic regions of the northern
hemisphere, but chiefly mountain pine-woods in temperate
latitudes. They now only occur in widely separated areas,
and some of them are very rare, which is suggestive of a
former more general distribution. Most of the genera are
or have been in cultivation, and are illustrated in this
Magazine; but from some cause they are rare in gardens,
Pyzidanthera barbulata, Michx (t. 4592), is a very small
trailing plant, a native of the Pine Barrens of New Jersey.
Novemper, 1907.
Duapensia lapponica, Linn. (t. 1108), is the only member of
the order having a wide range: it resembles a Draba, and
occurs in high latitudes in all three continents. The only
other species of Diapensia is restricted to the Himalayan
mountains. Shortia galacifolia, Torr. & Gr. (t. 7082), is an
exceedingly rare plant, found only in North Carolina. S.
sinensis, Hemsl. (Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2624), is a recent discovery
in Western China. Schizocodon soldanelloides, Sieb. & Zuce.
(t. 7316), has elegantly fringed flowers and is a native of
Japan. S. ilicifolius, Maxim., is a closely allied species from
the same country, and the only other species, S. rotund: folrus,
Maxim., is recorded as endemic in the Yaeyama Archipelago,
near Formosa. Galax aphylla, Linn. (t.'754), has leafless
scapes a foot and a half high and numerous small racemose
flowers. It is also confined to the mountains of eastern
North America. Finally there is Berneuaia thibetica, Decne
(Bull. Soc. Bot. France, 1873, vol. xx. p. 159) from Mou-
pine, Szechuen, which differs from both Shortia and
Schizocodon in having numerous small, almost capitate
flowers, and in little else. Franchet reduces it (Nuuv. Arch.
2me série, vol. x. p. 54, t. 13, B—* Davidi”) to Shortia ; but it
we accept this reduction, Schizocodon must also be merged in
Shortia, which, as thus constituted, would, it is true, present
less range of variation than the genus Primula and many
others.
Deser.—An evergreen, creeping, glabrous undershrub
3-6 in. high, Leaves stalked, rigid, orbicular-cordate,
usually broader than long, usually about an inch broad, but
sometimes as much as 3 in. across, crenate-dentate, teeth
apiculate, shining, encircled by a red marginal band; stalks
slender, 1-4 in. long. Scapes numerous, 1-flowered, in
cultivated plants overtopping the leaves. lowers pink,
veined with white, 1J-1% in. across. Sepals 5, unequal,
lanceolate. Corolla broadly campanulate; tube short ;
lobes 5, broad, rounded, irregularly toothed. Stamens 5,
alternating with and shorter than the corolla-lobes. Stami-
nodes or nectaries 5, scale-like, incurved and covering the
ovary. Ovary 3-celled; style filiform, overtopping the
stamens. Capsule globose, splitting into 3 valves. Seeds
numerous, small, globose.—W. Borrina HEmMsry.
Cultiv.—Shortia uniflora is as interesting as S. galacifolia
and is quite as beautiful. It is said to be rare in Japan, and
until recently it had scarcely been known in English
gardens, notwithstanding the desire of many to possess it.
The Kew examples were purchased from a firm of nursery-
men in Yokohama and flowered freely last April in an
unheated frame, where they were grown to preserve their
flowers from spring frosts, although the plant itself is quite
hardy. It likes a moist peaty soil and a fairly open
position where it can get some sunshine. The leaves of this
species, like those of S. galacifolia, assume a rich crimson
colour in autumn and winter.—W. Warson.
Fig. 1, base of scape with small leaves and scales; 2, pistil and part of
the bracteoles and sepals; 3, part of corolla showing attachment of stam: ns
and basal scales; 4, stigma; 5 and 6, stamens:—all more or less enlarged.
BRITISH, COLONIAL, AND. FOREIGN FLORA
HANDBOOK of the BRITISH FLORA; a Description of the
Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in the British
Isles. For the use of Beginners and Amateurs. By Grorce BENTHAM,
F.R.S. 8th Edition, revised by Sir J. D. Hooker. Crown 8vo, 9s. fie
ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA; a Series of Wood _
Engravings, with Dissections, of British Plants, Reus Drawings by W. H.
Fitcu, F.L.8., and W. G. Surrn, F.L.S., forming an Illustrated Companion ~
to Bentham’s ‘‘ Handbook,” and other British Floras. 1315 Wood En-
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GESNERA cCARDINALIS.
Brazil.
GESNERACEAR. Tribe GESNEREAE.
Gesners, Mart.; Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1008.
Gesnera cardinalis, Lehm. in EH. Otto, Garten- und Blumenzeitung, Hamburg,
vol. vi. (1850), p. 454; Hanst. in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. viii. pars i. p. 378;
species corolla laete coccinea, labio postico oblongo et calycis lobis erectis
insignis.
Herba 20-25 cm. alta, asperule velutina, tubero depresso-globoso, caule sat: debili.
Folia late ovata, basi cordata, 10-15 em. longa, 8-12 em. lata, crenata,
inferiora longiuscule petiolata, superiora minora, subsessilia, suprema
approximata, ad bracteas redacta. lores in axillis superioribus 1-4
aggregati, pedunculis longiores. Calyx dense velutinus; “lobi erecti,
triangulari-lanceolati, circiter 8 mm. longi, corollae stricturam supra-
basalem superantes, apice leviter recurvi, praesertim post anthesin. Corolla
tubulosa, circiter 6-7 cm. longa, antice late bisulcata, lineamento antico
subrecto, postico leviter curvato; labium posticum oblongum, lobis
subtruncatis ; anticum manifeste trilobatum, lobis ascendentibus vel
patulis. Filamenta hirsuta. Disci glandulae 2 posticae tantum evolutae,
rotundatae vel subtruncatae, 1:5 mm. longae, ima basi 2 mm. latae.
Placentae undique ovuliferae, in sectione fere semicirculares facie interna
leviter concava.—G@. macrantha, Hort. ex Lehm.Lc., non Spreng. Direaea
cardinalis, Regel, Gartenfl. vol. ii. (1853), p. 35, t. 41. Corytholoma
cardinale, Fritsch in Eng]. et Prantl, Pflanzenfam, vol. iv. pars 3 b, p. 181.
Gesnera cardinalis belongs to a natural group of species
for which Decaisne proposed the genus Dircaea. The most
striking characteristic of the group is the great disproportion
between the upper and lower lips of the corolla. The upper
lip is very large and is bent over in bud so as to form a lid
_ which completely covers the mouth of the corolla; as the
_ flower expands the Jip rises, turning through considerably
more than a right angle and finally assuming an erect
position, The lower lip is comparatively small.
’ 'The remarkable mode of union of the anthers in a disk,
shown in figures 2 and 3, is characteristic of Gesnera ; many
other genera of Gesneraceae, however, have more or less
- connate anthers.
A number of the plants cultivated at Kew as G.
cardinalis, including the one here figured, agree exactly
with the figure in Gartenjlora and with Hanstein’s detailed
_ Decumsrs, 1907,
description in the Flora Brasiliensis, but another batch of
them, while possessing exactly the habit of cardinalis, differs
in the calyx, corolla and disk, and is undoubtedly of garden
origin. ‘The extreme form observed had injlewed calyx-lobes,
retuse glands of the disk, and corolla-lips of very different
shape from typical G. cardinalis, the lower lip consisting of
a narrow, slightly reflexed rim, showing no obvious lobing,
and the upper being ovate, with a slight constriction two-
thirds of the way up.
Deser.— A velvety herb, about 9 in. high. Stem rather
weak, springing from a slightly flattened, nearly globose
tuber. Leaves broadly ovate, cordate at the base, 4—6 in.
long, 3-5 in. broad, crenate, the lower ones long-petioled,
the upper sessile and gradually decreasing in size. Flowers
1-4 together in each of the upper axils, often crowded
together near the apex of the stem owing to the suppression
of the uppermost internodes. Calya-lobes erect, recurved
at the apex. Corolla 23-3 in. long; tube with two grooves
in front, running up to the point of union of the median and
lateral lobes; upper lip oblong; lower lip distinctly 3-lobed,
lobes ascending or spreading. laments hairy. Glands
of the disk 2, posticous, rounded or nearly truncate.—
T. A. Sprague.
Cultiv.—Gesnera cardinalis is a popular stove plant com-
paratively easy of cultivation. It is undoubtedly the best
of the Gesneras from the decorative standpoint, and is
distinguished from all the species in cultivation by its habit,
and by the pose and colour of its flowers. The rootstock is
a stout tuber, and from this there spring annually herbaceous
stems, rarely more than a foot high, which mature and
flower within six months of starting. In this respect the
plant resembles the Sinningias (Gloxinias) and in fact the
treatment that suits the one suits the other. By a little
management in resting and starting the tubers it 1s possible
to have this Gesnera in flower either in winter or summer.—
W. Warson.
Fab 1, section through calyx, showing pistil and glands; 2, stamens and
a or attachment; 3, anthers, seen from above; 4,
8168
MS del, JN Fitch lith VincentBrocks Day &Son Lt? imp
L Reeve & C? London.
Tas. 8168.
PRIMULA suscarroIpEs.
Western China.
PRIMULACEAE. Tribe PRIMULEAE.
Primvuta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631.
Primula (§Soldanelloideae) musearioides, Hemsl. in Kew Bull. 1907, p. 319;
ex affinitate P. cernuae, Franch., et P. deflexae, Duthie, ab illa foliis
distincte crenatis, ab hac foliis majoribus crenatis, calyce efarinoso et
corollae lobis vix emarginatis differt.
‘olia rosulata, subcarnosa, laete viridia, obovato-spathulata, 10-12 em. longa,
apice rotundata, deorsum attenuata sed non vere petiolata, crenato-dentata,
ciliolata, supra pilis mollibus obscuris parce vestita, subtus glabra vel cito
glabrescentia, inter venas primarias leviter bullata, costa carnosa crassa.
Scapi erecti, quam folia fere duplo longiores. Bracteolae lineares, calyce
breviores. Flores numerosi, densissime capitato-spicati, deflexi; spicae
2°5-3°5 em. longae. Calyx campanulatus; lobi erecti, inaequales, ovato-
oblongi, posteriore latiore 2- vel 3-dentato florum superiorum atropurpureo. °
Corolla anguste infundibularis, vix 1 cm. longa, saturate purpureo-coerulea
vel fere violacea; lobi quam tubus cylindricus dimidio breviores, sub-
truneati, suberecti, obscure emarginati, circiter 38 mm. lati. Antherae
subsessiles, tubo infra medium affixae. Stylus tubum paullo excedens.
Capsula ignota.
At first sight this striking Primula was taken for P.
defleca, Duthie, which, however, has fewer and larger flowers,
with the limb of the corolla broader and cup-shaped, whiie
the lobes are broader and distinctly notched. <As stated in the
Kew Bulletin, P. cernua, Franchet, P. pinnatifolia, Franchet,
P. deflexa, Duthie, and the present species are very closely
allied and perhaps not all deserving of specific rank, but
with the material we have before us it is preferable to keep
them separate. Wilson’s dried specimen, n. 4036, is quite
similar in aspect, but the leaves are much more hairy and
the calyx is mealy. P. muscarioides has, so far as the Kew
material goes, almost sessile anthers near the base of the
corolla tube, and the stigma projects slightly from the
mouth of the tube. P. cernua, in the only specimen examined,
has the anthers attached near the top of the tube and the
style is only about 34, of an inch long. In Wilson’s 4036,
which has been referred to P. deflexa, the anthers are
attached a little above the middle of the corolla-tube and
December, 1907.
are overtopped by the slightly exserted style. Thus there
is trimorphism of the genitalia in this very distinct group
of Primula. P. defleca is apparently a taller plant, both
under wild and garden conditions, some of the Kew
examples having scapes two feet and leaves one foot long.
Our drawing of P. muscaricides was made from specimens
received from the “Bees, Limited,” Neston, Cheshire,
in May of the present year, and Mr. G. Forrest, who
collected for Mr. A. K. Bulley, has kindly communicated
the following particulars of the habitat :—‘‘ The seed of this
species was collected in Yunnan, in December, 1894, on the
summit of Mao Niu Chang (Wild Yak Pass), situated on the
dividing range between the Yangtze Valley and Chung
Tien Plateau, at 14,000 to 15,000 feet, in lat. 27°40’ to 28°.
It inhabits moist, open, grassy situations, on the margins of
pine forests.”
Descr.—Leaves rosulate, rather fleshy, light green, ob-
ovate-spathulate, 4 to 5 in. long, rounded at the tip,
gradually tapering downwards, but not distinctly stalked,
crenate, obscurely fringed, sparsely clothed with soft hairs
on the upper surface, glabrous or soon glabrescent below,
bulging between the primary veins; midrib thick, fleshy.
Scapes erect, about twice as long as the leaves. Bracteoles
linear, shorter than the calyx. Flowers numerous, densely
capitate, turned downwards; spikes 1-13 in. long. Calyx
campanulate, of the upper flowers purple ; lobes erect, ovate-
oblong, unequal, the upper one broader, 2- or 3-toothed.
Corolla-tube narrow, less than 3 in. long, deep purple-blue or
almost violet; lobes slightly spreading, truncate, obscurely
notched, 1} in. across. Anthers sessile near the bottom
of the corolla-tube. Style scarcely exceeding the tube.
Capsule not seen.—W. Borrinc HEMstey.
By 1, : bracteole; 2, calyx, laid open, and pistil; 3, section of corolla:—
M.S. del, JN Fitch tith.
L.Reeve &C 9 London
Tas. 8169,
PICEA MORINDOIDES.
Eastern Himalaya.
2 ConrrERAE. Tribe ABIETINEAE.
Prona, Link; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. iii. p. 439.
Picea morindoides, Rehder in Sargent, Trees and Shrubs (1908), p. 95, t. 46;
Henry in Gard. Chron. 1906, vol. xxxix. pp. 182, 219; Masters, Uc. p. 213,
fig. 34 et p. 274, fig. 113 et 1907, vol. xli. p. 388; ex aflinitate P. ajanensis,
Fisch. ex Trautv., sed habitu multo graciliore, conisque multo majoribus
foliorumque anatomia distincta. :
Arbor coma conica regulari, ramis verticillatis patulis, ramulis glabris gracilibus
pendulis nisi apicem versus magis minusve patentibus, junioribus
flavescentibus tertio anno cinerascentibus, pulvinis e basi ima lata
abrupte contractis subcylindricis 1 mm. longis cicatrice terminali rhom-
boidali haud obliqua lateribus concavis. Gemmae foliorwm ellipsoideae vel
obovoideae, obtusae, 5-6 mm. longae, pallidae, paulo resinosae, squamis
tenuiter scariosis obovatis obtusissimis. olia acicularia, gracilia, apice
spinulosa, pungentia, 2°5-3°5 cm. longa, 0°7-1:2 mm. lata, a dorso
complanata, sectione transversa rhomboideo-elliptica, marginibus costisque
obtusis, dorso viridia, facie lineis duabus albo-glaucis; stomata in facie
secundum costam utrinque 4-6-seriata; ductus resiniferi duo dorsales,
haud procul a margine siti, hypodermati appositi, fibris sclerenchymaticis
tunicati, interdum breves vel nulli; hypoderma sclerenchymaticum supra
subtusque ad costam strato duplice. Strobili masculi rosei, elongato-
ellipsoidei, ad 2 cm. longi, 8-9 mm. lati, basi squamis eis gemmarum
foliorum simillimis suffulti; connectivi appendix orbicularis, circumcirca
lacerato-denticulatus. Strobili femineit laterales (an semper?), oblongo-
ellipsoidei, ad 2 cm. longi, 1 cm. diametro, purpurei, basi ut masculi
-squamis suffulti; carpella e basi lata ovata cuspidato-acuminata, 1*°5 mm.
longa, obscure denticulata; squamae ovuliferae ovato-rotundatae, sub-
denticulatae, sub anthesi carpello duplo longiores. Coni maturi oblongo-
cylindrici, obtusi, 6-9 cm. longi, 3 cm. diametro, badii, vix nitiduli;
Squamae basi magis minusve in unguem obtriangularem vel obovatum
contractum, supra unguem late ovatae, obtusae, apicem versus obscure
striatae, inferiores majores ad 20 mm. longae (ungue incluso), 10-14 mm.
latae. Semen ambitu obtriangulare, 2-5 mm. longum, testa alutacea, ala
oblique obovato-oblonga, tenuissima, 6-12 mm. longa.
Picea morindoides was described in 1903 from specimens of
unknown origin in cultivation in Mr, Allard’s arboretum at
Angers in France. Subsequently, a tree growing in the
Earl of Annesley’s park at Castlewellan, Co. Down, was
recognised by Dr. A. Henry as identical with it. This tree
was raised from seed received by the Earl of Annesley from
Chumbi in 1889. Another specimen of unknown origin.
DecemBer, 1907,
occurs in Sir Hdward Loder’s garden at Horsham, Sussex,
where Picea morindoides has produced cones for the first
time in this country.
Dr. A. Henry identified Picea morindoides with the spruce
collected by Sir Joseph Hooker in the Lachen Valley in
Sikkim, which is referred to in the Himalayan Journal (vol. 11.
p. 82) as Abies Smithiana; also with a spruce collected in
Chumbi by Sir J. Ware Edgar, who was then (in 1877) accom-
panied by Sir George King’s collector, Dungboo,—obtained
again by Mr. H. KE. Hobson, when stationed at Yatung, and by
Mr. E. H. C. Walsh during the Tibet Exhibition. To these
specimens another collected by Dungboo in Chumbi in 1878
and one obtained by Mr. R. Pantling in Sikkim (Herb.
C. B. Clarke 46482) might be added, and it is also evident
that Gammie’s Picea Morinda from the Lachung Valley
(Rec. Bot. Surv. Ind. vol. i. No. ii. pp. 11, 19) is the
same tree. In my opinion, there can be little doubt that
Dr. Henry is right in his identification of those specimens
with Rehder’s P. morindoides, although this implies the
admission of a considerable range of variation in the shape
of the leaf-points, the density of the foliage, the shape of
the cone-scales, and to some degree also in the more minute
details of the leaf anatomy. I have not accounted for this
variability in the description above, which is drawn up from
the cultivated tree, but do not consider it greater than that
observable in the common European spruce. Dr. Henry,
however, has gone one step farther and includes Griffith’s
Abies spinulosa (Journ. pp. 259, 265; Itin. Not. p. 145,
No. 694, and Jc. Pl. Asiat. t. 363) in Picea morindoides,
which, if proved, would entail the change of the latter
name into Picea spinulosa. Unfortunately there are no
specimens of Griffith’s tree at Kew or at the British Museum,
and it is very doubtful if there be any now in existence.
I have therefore retained for the present Rehder’s name ;
but I must admit that there is much to be said in favour of
Dr. Henry’s view. Griffith’s description, so far as it goes,
agrees well with Picea morindoides, and his figure tallies
strikingly with a sketch of the Lachen spruce made by
Sir Joseph Hooker. He collected “Abies spinulosa” on the
slopes of the Rodoola Pass and the Tung-chiew Valley in
Northern Bhootan (about 91° 30! E. long., and almost
150 miles east of the Sikkim frontier), and describes it as a
beautiful tree, disposed in beautiful groups and growing
between 9,000 and 10,500 feet, which agrees fairly well with
the limits of the spruce of the Lachen Valley in Sikkim,
Picea morindoides belongs to the section Omorica which
is chiefly developed in the countries bordering on the
Northern Pacific, but, in the Old World, extends in dis-
continuous areas as far as the Balkan Peninsula, where it is
represented by P. Omorica, Pané. It is the only member —
of the section known from the Himalaya. The nearest
species, a link between it and P. ajanensis, appears to be
P. complanata, Mast., from Szechuen. As I know it only
from Dr. Masters’ description and figures in the Gardeners’
Chronicle (8rd ser. vol. xxxix. p. 146, fig. 57), I have
refrained from referring to it in the diagnosis; but the
resemblance seems to be very great indeed. P. complanata
was discovered by Mr. E. H. Wilson in Western Szechuen,
where it forms forests at an elevation from 5,000 to 8,000
feet.
To judge from the photograph of the Harl of Annesley’s
tree which is reproduced in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for
May 5th, 1906, Picea morindoides will certainly be a
valuable addition to our hardy trees.
Deser.—A tree of regular conical growth with spreading
whorled branches; branchlets glabrous, slender, pendulous”
or the upper spreading, yellowish when young, turning
grey after the third year; leaf-cushions abruptly sub-
eylindric from a broad base, with a terminal rhomboid scar
and concave sides. Leaf-buds ellipsoid or obovoid, obtuse,
+ in. long, pale brown, slightly resinous; scales obovate,
very obtusé, thinly scarious. Leaves needle-shaped, slender
with fine sharp points, 1-14 in. long, ;);—s!y in. broad, dor-
sally compressed, rhomboid-elliptic in transverse section,
with obtuse edges and midrib, green on the back, with two
whitish-glaucous lines on the (morphologically) upper side,
the lateral always turned by a twist of the leaf-cushions, so
as to expose the green side to the light maximum ; stomata
on the glaucous side in 4—6 rows on each side of the midrib ;
resin canals 2, dorsal, near the edges and close to the
sclerenchymatic hypoderma, sometimes very short or absent.
Male strobili rose-coloured, elongate-ellipsoid, up to # in.
long, 1 in. in diameter, with scales at the base resembling
oO? 3 . . . .
those of the leaf-buds; connective with an orbicular, irregu-
larly denticulate appendix. Female strobili lateral (always ?),
oblong-ellipsoid, up to } in. long, 33; in. in diameter, purple,
scales at the base as in the male strobili; carpels (bracts of
older authors) wide-ovate, cuspidate-acuminate, ;/, in. long,
obscurely denticulate, ovule-bearing scales ovate-rotundate,
subdenticulate, twice as long as the carpel (in flower).
Cones oblong-cylindric, obtuse, 2-34 in, long, over 1 in. in
diameter, light brown, very slightly shining; scales con-
tracted at the base, claw obovate or inversely triangular,
wide-ovate above the claw, obtuse, indistinctly striate
towards the apex, the lower (larger) up to 2 in. long, about
4 in. broad. Seed obovoid or broadly cuneate, 75-735 in.
long, testa pale; wing obliquely obovate-oblong, 4-7/5 in.
long, very thin (the maxima according to Rehder).—
Orro Srapr. ; ;
Fig. 1, leaf; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, carpel and ovuliferous scale from flower;
5, carpel and scale from fruit; 6, carpel; 7, fruit-scale, seen from within ;
8, seed :—all enlarged,
Vincent Brooks, Day & SanLtimp
LReeve & C°%London
Tas. 8170.
DELPHINIUM canpipum.
Tropical Africa.
RANUNOCULACEAR. Tribe HELLEROREAER.
Detpuinium, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 9.
Delphinium (Macrocentra) candidum, Hemsl.; species ex affinitate D, macro-
centri, D. Oliv. (B. M. t. 8151), a quo differt racemis subtrifloris, floribus
albis, sepalis omnibus aequaliter divergentibus, calcare gracili curvato et
filamentis ciliatis.
Tlerba perennis, nana, obscure puberula, caulibus subtrifloris. Folia radicalia
longe petiolata, ambitu orbicularia, palmatim alte 5-lobata, lobis latis
3-lobulatis dentatisque, circiter 10-12 cm. diametro; petioli teretes, basi
tantum leviter dilatati, 20-36 cm. longi. Folia caulina pauca, similia,
profundius partita, lobis angustioribus. /7ores candidi, antheris purpureis,
suaveolentes, circiter 6 cm. diametro, obscurissime puberuli; pedicelli
pubescentes, graciles, 3-4 cm. longi, bracteolis 2 linearibus 5-7 mm. longis
instructi. Sepala fere aequalia, orbiculari-ovata, 2-2°5 cm. lata, patentia,
superius et 2 inferiora abrupte obtuseque acuminata, omnia pilis longis
albis obscuris parce vestita et extus prope apicem macula viridi incrassata
ornata; calear gracile, bis curvatum, acutum, rugulosum, 4-5 cm. longum.
Petalorum 2 superiorum calcaratorum (nectaria auctorum nonnullorum)
limbus glaber, obliquus, dolabriformis, inaequaliter bifidus, 1:5 em. longus,
8mm. latus, stamina superans. Petala 2 lateralia (staminodia auctorum
nonnullorum) puberula, ligulata, apice latiora, 3-dentata, quam stamina
breviora. Staminodia vera (?) 3, linearia, antica, quam stamina breviora
(an semper adsunt?). Stamina numerosissima ; filamenta membranacea,
ciliata, diverse dilatata, exteriora latiora, interdum unilateraliter dilatata
et apice 1-dentata, interiora fere omnino filiformia. Carpel/a (matura non -
visa) 3, dense tomentosa, quam stamina breviora.
Delphinium candidum belongs to a small group of species
confined, so far as is at present known, to the mountains of
tropical East Africa. It is compared above with D. macro-
centron, D. Oliv., because that species is in cultivation ; but
it is more nearly allied to D. Leroyi, Franch. (Engl. Jahrb.
vol. xx. p. 474) and D. Wellbyi, Hemsl. (Kew Bull, 1907,
p. 360). The former differs in having more hairy flowers,
obovate-spathulate sepals and glabrous filaments; the latter
is a more robust plant with very hairy, blue flowers, rounded,
not acuminate, sepals, entire lateral petals and less dilated
filaments. 3
The plant figured was raised in the gardens at Hindlip
Hall, Worcester, from seed collected by Lady Hindlip, in
Decemser, 1907,
1904, one day’s march from Mumias, between Mount Elgon
and Kisumu, Uganda. Only one plant flowered, we believe,
and our drawing has been made from leaves and flowers,
and from a painting and a photograph furnished by
Lady Hindlip. It isa very beautiful species, and it is to be
hoped that it has been permanently secured to cultivation.
There is a monograph of the genus Delphinium by Dr. FE.
Huth in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xx. (1895), pp. 322-499, tt. 6-8,
in which the author describes 198 species.
Deser.—A. dwarf, slightly hairy perennial; branches
usually 3-flowered. Leaves palmately 5-lobed, largest 4 to
5 in. across; lobes broad, usually 3-lobulate and toothed,
smaller and narrower upwards; stalks of the lower ones
8-15 in. long. Flowers sweet-scented like the primrose,
pure white with purple anthers, about 23 in. across, obscurely
hairy. Stalks slender, pubescent, 14-13 in. Jong ; bracteoles
usually 2, linear, about } in. long. Sepals almost equal,
orbicular-ovate, 3-1 in. across, each having a thickened,
green spot near the top on the underside. Spur slender,
curved upwards and recurved at the tip, 1§—-2 in. long.
Limb of the upper spurred petals glabrous, oblique, un-
equally notched, 3-2 in. long, overtopping the stamens.
Lateral petals slightly hairy, ligulate, 3-toothed, shorter
than the stamens. Filaments variously flattened, sometimes
on one side only with a tooth at the top, fringed, outermost
_ broadest, innermost nearly filiform. Carpels three, densely
hairy, shorter than the stamens. Seed not seen.—W. Borrina
HeEmstey.
Fig. 1, one of the upper petals or nectaries ; 2, androecium and lower petals;
3 and 4, stamens; 5, carpels:—all enlarged.
8171
Jay &Son Littimp
“Vincent. Broo}
Fitch lith.
MS.del IN
L Reeve &C° Landon.
Tap, S171.
ERIA LONGISPICA. |
Borneo.
. ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EPIDENDREAE.
Eri, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 509 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit, Ind.
vol. v. p. 785.
Eria longispica, Rolfe; species H. latifoliae, Reichb. f., affinis sed floribus
majoribus, labello cireumscriptione orbiculari, nec obovato differt.
Herba epiphytica, epseudobulbifera. Caules erecti, robusti, circa 15 em. alti,
6-8-phylli. Folia disticha, coriacea, ligulato-oblonga, apice obliqua,
inaequaliter biloba et acuta, 30-40 cm. longa, 3-4°5 em. lata. Racemi
terminales, graciles, valde e!ongati, albido-pubescentes, 25-40 em. longi,
densiflori. Bracteae reflexae, ovatae, acutae vel acuminatae, 2 mm. longae.
Pedicelli graciles, 7-8 mm. longi, tomentosi. Sepalum posticum elliptico-
oblongum, obtusum, 5 mm. longum; sepala lateralia oblique ovata, obtusa,
5 mm. longa, 4 mm. lata, reflexa. Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 4 mm.
longa. Labellum trilobum, orbiculare, 5 mm. longum, 5 mm. Jatum; lobi
laterales lati, subobtusi; Jobus intermedius parvus, quadratus, obtuse
bilobus, interdum denticulatus; discus tricarinatus, carinis lateralibus
oblongis glabris, carina media farinacea, apice in cristam orbicularem
expansa. Columna brevissima, alis brevibus truncatis,
The species of Eria are difficnlt to discriminate, because
so many of them are only known from dried specimens, and
the crests and other details of the lip are not readily restored
by maceration after they have been dried. The present
species has for some years been in cultivation at Kew, though
not under its present name, a plant having been presented
to the establishment by Messrs. Linden, of Brussels, in 1898.
It had, however, been previously submitted for determination
by them in September, 1893, with the record that it had
been imported from Borneo. It belungs to the section
Eriura as defined by Lindley (Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. iii.
p. 55), and is most nearly allied to a species originally
described by Blume as Mycaranthes latifolia (Bijdr. p. 353).
When Blume’s genus Mycaranthes was reduced by Lindley
to a section of ELria he excluded M. latifolia as belonging
to Hriura though, since it is the only species figured, it might
have been considered typical of the section Mycaranthes,
DecemBeER, 1907.
especially as Lindley admitted that he did not know the
other two species. It is perhaps for this reason that J. J.
Smith retains Blume’s generic name for the section (Orch.
Jav. p. 391).
Eria longispica is very nearly allied to F. latifolia, Reichb.
f., though it is distinct in the characters indicated. - It is
an exceptionally sturdy plant, with erect habit, broad leaves,
and long spikes of very numerous flowers, which are light-
yellow blotched with reddish purple. The lateral keels of ©
the lip are yellow, but the central one is covered with a
loose powdery pubescence, which is removable with the
slightest touch. £. paniculata, Lindl., belonging to the
same section, which is also in cultivation, has a pendulous
habit, and very narrow leaves.
Deser.—A. stout epiphytic herb, without pseudobulbs.
Stems erect, stout, about six inches high, with six to eight
leaves. Leaves distichous, coriaceous, ligulate-oblong,
with the apex obliquely 2-lobed and acute, 12-16 in. long,
14-12 in. broad. acemes terminal, slender, clothed
with a whitish pubescence, 10-16 in. long, densely many-
flowered. Bracts reflexed, ovate, acute or acuminate, 5, in.
long. Pedicels slender, about 2 in. long, densely white-
tomentose. Dorsal sepal elliptical-oblong, obtuse, 4 in.
long; lateral sepals obliquely ovate, obtuse, + in. long by
nearly as broad, reflexed. Petals linear-oblong, obtuse,
1 in. long. Lip 3-lobed, orbicular in outline, $ in. long;
side lobes broad, subobtuse; front lobe small, quadrate,
obtusely 2-lobed or sometimes denticulate in front; disk
3-carinate, with the central keels oblong and glabrous, and
the central one narrowed behind, expanded into a rounded
crest infront, and covered with a loose, farinaceous-pubescence. -
Column short, with broad truncate wings.—R. A. Roure.
Cultiv.—Eria longispica has been in cultivation at
Kew since 1898. It is a plant of exceptionally free
growth, with Iris-like habit, and it produces its tall
not unattractive flower spikes in May in a tropical house
where the conditions are those suitable for Cypripediums.
Very few of the numerous species of Hria can be
included among popular garden orchids, five only having
been previously figured in this work, none of them being of
striking merit from the cultural standpoint, although £.
extinctoria and E, vestita are two distinct and pleasing
orchids. £. longispica thrives in a mixture of peat and
sphagnum, kept moist at all times except for about eight
weeks in midwinter, when the plant should be allowed to
_ rest.—W. W arson.
Fig. 1, flower; 2, white papillae from centre of lip; 3, column; 4, anther
cap; 5, pollinia :—all enlarged.
SUPPLEMENTARY NOTE.
Tas. 8163. Rhododendron intricatum. The plant figured
was raised from seed collected by Mr. E. H. Wilson, in
Szechuen, at elevations between 11,000 and 15,000 ft. above
sea-level. Among his herbarium specimens, those numbered
3934, in flower, belong to this species. These specimens
were collected in June, 1904; they are not precisely |
localised, but it is noted that they were found inhabiting
grassland,
INDEX
To Vol. III. of the Fourra Sxries, or Vol. CX XXIII.
of the whole Work.
8113 Aconitum gymnandrum.
8152 “ Napellus var. emi-
nens.
8134 Aloe campylosiphon.
8147 ,, nitens.
8122 ,, pallidiflora.
8153 Angraecum infundibulare.
8128 Arctostaphylos Manzanita.
8162 Arctotis decurrens.
8155 Bigelovia graveolens.
8123 Blepharocalyx spiraeoides.
8148 Bruckenthalia spiculifolia.
8160 Bulbophyllum dichromum.
8132 Caesalpinia vernalis.
8125 Caiophora coronata.
8149 Calathea angustifolia.
8129 Calliandra portoricensis var.
major.
8164 Coelogyne Lawrenceana.
8131 Cymbidium erythrostylum.
8170 Delphinium candidum.
8151 o macrocentron.
8141 Dendrobium Ashworthiae.
8127 Diospyros Kaki.
8171 Eria longispica.
8139 Eupatorium glandulosum.
8157 Ferula communis var. brevi-
folia.
8140 Gentiana ornata.
8167 Gesnera cardinalis.
8136 Hoodia Currori.
8159 Iris verna.
8144 Kennedya retrorsa.
8112 Lomatia ferruginea.
8130 Meconopsis bella.
8119 2 punicea.
8143 Montanoa mollissima.
8117 Nerine Bowdeni.
8133 »x Odontioda heatonensis.
8142 Odontoglossum Leeanum.
8165 Oldenlandia dolichantha.
8118 Olearia speciosa.
8161 Paeonia Cambessedesii.
8126 Paphiopedilum villosum var.
annamense.
8146 Phyllodoce Breweri.
8169 Picea morindoides.
8154 Podophyllum versipelle.
8124 Primula deorum.
8168 es muscarioides.
8135 2 orbicularis.
8156 Prunus Besseyi.
8116 Renanthera annamensis.
8137 Rhododendron Delavayi.
8163 FA intricatum.
8120 Ribes mogollonicum.
8158 Rosa Soulieana.
8121 Saccolabium rubescens.
8166 Shortia uniflora.
8145 Stewartia Malachodendron.
8150 Streptocarpus Holstii.
8138 Tamarix pentandra.
8115 Tricuspidaria dependens.
8114 Viburnum Carlesii.
Flowering Plants and Ferns. indigeiadiet a
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